The emergence of the problem of Bukovina within the European geopolitical space

The problem of the North-Western Moldavia (named later on, by the Austrian occupants, Bukovina) emerged within the European geopolitical space in 1775, when the territory has been annexed by the Habsburg Empire. However, before that moment, the Northern part of the future Bukovina (Şipeniţ district) was disputed by Poland and Moldavia Yet, the Polish-Moldavian border was clearly established, including the Northern part of Bucovina (wanted by Poland) within the Moldavian Principality. The Austrian emperor and administration used a few motivations for the annexation of the North-Western Moldavia: 1. the imposition of a cordon against the plague („which burned down long time before in Moldavia”); 2. „the need” to annex „a strip” (in reality, two big districts were annexed) from the territory of Moldavia for the construction of a road linking Transylvania with Galicia; 3. the historical rights of the Pocuţia (i.e., Galicia), which have come in possession of Austria, on the North of Moldavia (Şipeniţ County). Some of the real reasons of occupation were: 1. „insatiable hunger for new territorial acquisitions; lust for the expansion of the Empire and seizing new territories bringing profit; 2. to compensate for the loss of another territory – Oltenia – in this case, with the North-Western Moldavia; 3. a desire to have a strategic area to be pursued in a subsequent expansion in Moldavia and Wallachia, respectively in the Danube region and in the Eastern Balkans. As in June 1940, the Soviet authorities have linked the issue of Bessarabia with the issue of Bukovina, I believe that the problem of Transnistria (Moldavia) should be viewed in connection with the issue of ethnic Romanian Community territory of Northern Bukovina (now in Cernăuţi region). A solution for the problem of the Romanian community in Northern Bukovina is possible by the passage of municipalities inhabited by Romanians from Northern Bukovina to Republic of Moldavia, in return for passing several areas with villages and towns populated by Ukrainians or Russian speakers from Moldovian Transnistria to Ukraine

Disparities regarding life quality in Central and Eastern European Countries

The analysis of social indicators and the analysis of life quality are very important in order to know, in time, the changes of the main social and economic phenomena that characterize a society. To monitor the social system is a priority of modern societies because it helps to identify in time the changes of unemployment main aspects, health of population, person’s level of security, educational level, life satisfaction, and even the subjective part of life quality. The increase of life quality has to be a purpose of social and economic politics. Taking into consideration the progress and especially the life standard attained by the developed countries of the world, each country that presents deficiencies in social politics has to identify the best measures as an answer to the existing social needs. This research aims to study the disparities regarding life quality in the following Central and Eastern European Countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Austria, Latvia, Lithuania, FYR Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Moldavia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia, Belarus. The paper is structured as it follows: (1) introduction, (2) description of variables, (3) analysis of life quality in the Central and Eastern European Countries and (4) conclusion. The methodological approach is based on cluster analysis and the variables were selected taking into account theoretical, conceptual and practical reasons, trying to be relevant for the investigated problems and in straight connection with the analysis objectives. We try also to balance the number of the socio-economic demographic variables with the variables of the living level. From the analysis, in both cases, (with four or two groups), the revealed image is the same. There is a class of countries with a high level of life quality, characterized by a high socio-economic standard, and consequently good life conditions, and a class made of low socio-economic standard countries with low GDP, due to the inefficiency of economical politics or to the hell of civil wars and with big problems regarding corruption, civil and political liberties, life satisfaction, infant mortality and unemployment. This research offers a better understanding of macroeconomics politics effects that are promoted at the level of this region as well as their improvement.cluster analysis, life quality, matrix, dendrogram, Ward algorithm

Magyarfalu-tól Csángliá-ig

From Magyarfalu to Csánglia. Ideologies behind the use of Hungarian names indicating places in Moldavia     The use of Hungarian names to indicate places in Moldavia is quite varied. An interesting characteristic of this phenomenon is that place names or name variants different from the ones used by Moldovan speakers, or even completely unknown to local people, have been developed and spread west from Moldavia. This paper gives some examples of such place names to illustrate that the differences in the use of place names locally and outside Moldavia can be interpreted as mainly ideological. Language ideologies resulting in these differences can be described as approaches that contribute to the discursive formation of a “Hungarian( speaking) Moldavia”; and in which the determining factor in the connection between language forms and space perception is the “ethnicity” of the space. The ethnically perceived space at the same time – apart from other linguistic and non-linguistic practices – becomes familiar to the speakers of the Hungarian language area through the use of “Hungarian” place names

ARE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS AN INSTRUMENT OF SHIFTING THE MOLDAVIAN ECONOMY TO A SUPERIOR LEVEL OF INTERNATIONAL SPECIALISATION?

It is a well known fact that a country or other becomes richer or poorer to a large extent depending on the character of the country’s international specialisation. For centuries, the world’s countries have permanently changed their specialisation type in order to obtain higher incomes and become more prosperous. From the theoretical viewpoint, currently, under the conditions of globalisation, the countries of the world may change their type of specialisation under the influence of foreign capital investments. It is indeed true, and yet, the opinion that FDI any time and anywhere, under any circumstances are beneficial to the host country is somewhat exaggerated. In the vast majority of cases, FDIs “pull” the host country towards progress, and in some cases, these still can change a formerly prosperous country into a simple exporter of raw materials. We expect that FDI shall make us richer, shall increase the economic development level of the country. We are still expecting it today, even if with less enthusiasm. Why?foreign direct investments, international specialisation

EVOLUTIONS OF REMITTANCE FLOW DURING THE ECONOMIC-FINANCIAL CRISIS

The global financial markets crisis that hit the world economy at the middle of 2008 affected the global economy as a whole, but had also a major impact over the workforce markets in the European countries and by default over the remittance volume achieved by emigrants. The migration phenomenon has seen a decrease process, however differently, according to various geographic areas. The present work intends to achieve a brief analysis of the migration phenomenon under the financial crisis impact in certain European Union countries during 2007-2010. The recession at European level also determined for 2009 a decrease of remittance flows. The work presents a brief evolution of the remittance flow in certain countries from Central and Eastern Europe.emigrants, immigrants, remittances, crisis

Is there a prosodic boundary between the Transylvania and Modavia spoken languages?

En este trabajo analizamos la entonación transilvana; esta presenta notables diferencias respecto a las demás hablas dacio-rumanas. Realizado el análisis mostraremos la existencia de una frontera entre las hablas de Transilvania y las de Moldavia. El estudio ha sido realizado a partir de los datos obtenidos de dos comunidades rurales próximas, situadas a ambos lados de los Cárpatos Orientales: Mureşenii Bârgăului (Transilvania) y Prăleni (Moldavia). Los resultados de la investigación dan cuenta de la existencia de diferencias entre las dos hablas sobre todo en el caso de las interrogativas absolutas.In this paper we analyze the Transylvania intonation which is different from the one of other Daco-Romanian idioms. Simultaneously, we aim to demonstrate that there is a prosodic boundary between Transylvania and Moldavia intonation; through a research of two villages situated on both sides of the Oriental Carpathians: Mureşenii Bârgăului (Transylvania) and Prăleni (Moldavia). The results of the research prove that there are large differences between the two areas concerning the melodic character of the total interrogative utterances

COMPETITION – AN IMPORTANT FACTOR FOR DEVELOPMENT AND REGULATION OF THE ECONOMY OF REPUBLIC MOLDOVA

Under the influence of regional and international economic changes competition has reaffirmed its role as a decisive regulating force of the market economy. Increased competition leads to enhancement of productivity and competitiveness processes, to cost and price reduction, to the intensification of innovation and R&D. All these form a whole, an overall requiring an analysis, an assessment, and a synthesis of the existing competitive environment. One of the most recent strategic objectives of the Republic of Moldova has become the integration into the European Union, which implies creating a normal, viable competitive environment, capable of serving market economy. Regional integration enables some internal levers, through which a more efficient economy is reached, obtained through extension and increase of the competition mechanism produced on a regional scalecompetition, competitiveness process, economy, integration.

ROMANIA’S ECONOMIC ARGUMENTS REGARDING THE SHORTNESS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR

Romania's contribution to the cause of the United Nations would be significant, leading to shortness of the war with about 200 days and giving them significant strategic, material and human advantage. Despite the fact that Romania’s economic war effort was figured at the enormous amount of 1,200,000,000 dollars, foreign currency in 1938, this would assure the country an honorable place four in the hierarchy of the United Nations which led the fight against Germany the cobeligeranta status, truly deserved by the state would be refused because of political considerations known only by Great Powers. Among all the states in a situation somehow similar to that of Romania, none made such a huge military and economic effort in defeating the Nazi war machine.economic contribution, war effort, claims, convention truce

The effects of labour force migration in romania to the comunity countries -realities and perspectives

Nowadays, the migration of active labour force is a phenomenon with a rapid dynamics, generated mainly by globalization. The international migration is appreciated to imply about 200 million persons, which is double than 25 years ago. .The migration is determined by economical, social and political causes. .The migration of active labour force in Romania registered in the Community Countries reaches low levels, about 200.000 person, but the illegal one is appreciated to reach 1.7-2 milion persons. The effects of migration are mainly due to: the loss of the tax payer – active labour force formed in Romania, the weakening of the social solidarity in the social security system, and in the same time, its increase in the destination countries , the remittance of some important amounts of money in the origin countries, the contact with other economical, social, cultural models. The evolution of remittance in the world is very dynamic, in 2007 it is said to be about 250 billion dollars ,from which 7,1 billion euro for our country, compared to 9,1 billion euro representing direct investments.Work, evolution, labour force,, globalization