Hubungan Penilaian Status Gizi Dengan Metode BMI (Body Mass Index) Dan Metode LLA (Lingkar Lengan Atas) Pada Anak Perempuan Usia 6-10 Tahun

Overweight / obesity and under-nutrition in children can cause problems; therefore, it is important for us to correctly acknowledge nutritional value in children’s early age. To determine nutritional status, WHO-NCHS  recommends  Body  Mass  Index  (BMI);  however,  it  is  difficult  to  be  used  routinely.  The measurement of mid-upper arm circumference is an easier way to assess children’s nutritional value. This study tries to find out the relation between BMI and upper arm’s circumference in predicting nutritional status  of  children  aged  6-10.  The  research  design  is  analytical  observational,  whereas  the  data  were collected  from  163  students  of  the  Penabur  Christian  Elementary  School  6,  in  February  2009.The research subjects were 6 – 10 years old, 113 – 147 cm tall , 21.3 – 53 kg in weight, and had 14.96 – 31.19 kg/m2 of BMI, and 16.5 – 31.2 cm of mid-upper arm circumference. The result showed that children with BMI y  =  19.1  (SD  =  2.80),  had  LLA  x  =  22.0  (SD  =  2.88).  The  form  of  relation  in  simple  linear regression equation is BMI = -0.703 + 0.898 LLA ** (p = 0.000). The strength of relation between BMI and LLA is highly significant with r = 0.926 ** (p = 0.000). Children’s cut off point of mid-upper arm circumference  is  21.75  cm.  In  conclusion,  BMI  has  a  strong  correlation  to  upper  arm  circumference  in predicting nutritional status of girls aged 6-10 years old. &nbsp

Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) : new applications for an old measure

Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) has a long history as a simple and valuable anthropometric marker of undernutrition, of particular value in resource-poor settings.1 Traditionally, low MUAC has been seen as a proxy for low fat-free mass,1 necessary because accurate measurement of fat-free mass in children is usually impractical in both clinical settings and resource-poor settings. An emerging body of evidence suggests that MUAC may have value beyond its traditional application in the assessment of undernutrition. The paper by Whitfield et al2 notes that accurate measurement of body weight is often not possible in resource-poor settings, and this is important clinically because it substantially increases the risk of inaccurate drug dosage (where dosage is dependent on body weight). Whitfield et al2 describe a study which suggests that MUAC, when combined with other anthropometric measures, could be a useful and accurate way of estimating body weight in children. In a sample of 775 predominantly HIV positive children and adolescents (from 18 months to 12 years of age) from Botswana, Whitfield et al made a range of anthropometric measures (height or length, ulnar and tibial lengths, MUAC and triceps skinfold,

Mid-Upper Arm Circumference based Nutrition Programming: evidence for a new approach in regions with high burden of Acute Malnutrition

In therapeutic feeding programs (TFP), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) shows advantages over weight-for-height Z score (WHZ) and is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an independent criterion for screening children 6-59 months old. Here we report outcomes and treatment response from a TFP using MUAC ≤118 mm or oedema as sole admission criteria for severe acute malnutrition (SAM)

Use of Mid-Upper Arm Circumference by Novel Community Platforms to Detect, Diagnose, and Treat Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: A stubborn persistence of child severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and continued gaps in program coverage have made identifying methods for expanding detection, diagnosis, and treatment of SAM an urgent public health need. There is growing consensus that making mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) use more widely accessible among caregivers and community health workers (CHWs) is an important next step in further decentralizing SAM care and increasing program coverage, including the ability of CHWs to treat uncomplicated SAM in community settings. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review to summarize published and operational evidence published since 2000 describing the use of MUAC for detection and diagnosis of SAM in children aged 6-59 months by caregivers and CHWs, and of management of uncomplicated SAM by CHWs, all outside of formal health care settings. We screened 1,072 records, selected 43 records for full-text screening, and identified 22 studies that met our eligibility criteria. We extracted data on a number of items, including study design, strengths, and weaknesses; intervention and control; and key findings and operational lessons. We then synthesized the qualitative findings to inform our conclusions. The issue of treating children classified as SAM based on low weight-for-height, rather than MUAC, at household level, is not addressed in this review. FINDINGS: We found evidence that caregivers are able to use MUAC to detect SAM in their children with minimal risk and many potential benefits to early case detection and coverage. We also found evidence that CHWs are able to correctly use MUAC for SAM detection and diagnosis and to provide a high quality of care in the treatment of uncomplicated SAM when training, supervision, and motivation are adequate. However, the number of published research studies was small, their geographic scope was narrow, and most described intensive, small-scale interventions; thus, findings are not currently generalizable to public-sector health care systems. CONCLUSIONS: Scaling up the use of MUAC by caregivers and CHWs to detect SAM in household and community settings is a promising step toward improving the coverage of SAM detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Further research on scalability, applicability across a wider range of contexts, coverage impact, and cost is needed. The primary use of MUAC for SAM detection should also be explored where appropriate

Gambaran Status Gizi Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Bangsal Penyakit dalam RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by many factors which is characterized by chronic hyperglicemic resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia was increase from previous years. It was caused by demographic factor and westernized lifestyle. The aim of this study is to find the description of nutritional status of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in internal medicine ward in RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau. This is a descriptive study with cross sectional approach with 30 respondents. Nutritional status was assessed by measurement of body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, and waist circumference. This study showed that 90% of respondents were 40-65 years old with 36,7% male and 63,3% female. Nutritional status based on body mass index, many respondents were obesity grade I (33,3 %), 30 % of respondents were normal, 20% were overweight, 13,3% were underweight and 13,3% were obesity grade II. Based on mid-upper arm circumference, 40% of respondents were CED and 60% without CED. Based on waist circumference, 63,3% of respondents were central obesity and 36,7% were normal

Correlations of Anthropometric Measurements Among Pregnant Women Residing in Arusha City, Tanzania

Adequate nutrition during pregnancy is a key for early prevention of poor pregnancy outcomes and future diet related non-communicable diseases. The study aimed to determine the correlations between body mass index with body fat percentage and mid-upper arm circumference to simplify nutrition status assessments among pregnant women. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 at Kaloleni and Ngarenaro antenatal clinics among 468 pregnant women. The body fat percentage was measured using bioelectric impedance analyzer™; mid-upper arm circumference by a non-stretchable mid-upper arm circumference tape; weight using a SECA™ scale, and height by a stadiometer. Demographic information was gathered by face-to-face interview using a questionnaire with structured questions and data analyzed by SPSS™ Version 20. The participants were found to have a mean age of 28 years (SD ± 6), gestational age of 28 weeks (SD ± 3.82), mid-upper arm circumference of 27 centimeters (SD ± 3.7), body fat percentage of 33.7 (SD ± 7.2) and body mass index during pregnancy of 27 kg/m2 (SD ± 5.5). About 36% of the pregnant women had mid-upper arm circumference of ≥ 28cm and 37% were overweight and 22.2 % obese based on body mass index. Among 238 pregnant women who recalled their weight before pregnancy, 25.2% were overweight and 22.7% were obese using categories for a normal adult. Partial correlations showed that, body mass index is positively correlated with body fat percentage (r = 0.701, p < 0.001) and mid-upper arm circumference (r = 0.661, p < 0.001). In addition, mid-upper arm circumference and body fat percentage have strong positive correlation (r = 0.774, p < 0.001) even after controlled for maternal and gestational age. There are positive significant correlations among pre-pregnancy body mass index with percentage body fat, and mid-upper arm circumferences, hence, useable during pregnancy to address challenges associated with BMI

Ultrasound Muscle Assessment and Nutritional Status in Institutionalized Older Adults: A Pilot Study

Muscle thickness, measured by ultrasonography, has been investigated for nutritional assessment in older adults, however the associations between muscle ultrasound parameters in the lower limb and nutritional status have not been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between muscle thickness echo intensity (EI), and nutritional status in home care residents. A cross sectional study was conducted involving 19 older adults from a home care in Malaga (Spain). We evaluated lower leg muscles by ultrasound, anthropometric data, physical function (measured by gait speed and the Short Physical Performance Battery), strength (handgrip and knee extensors strength) and nutritional status across the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF). We found that muscle thickness assessed by ultrasonography independently predicts nutritional status by MNA-SF and after adjusting for handgrip strength or age and sex. As secondary findings, we found relations between strength, functional capacity and the MNA-SF test. These results suggest that lower leg muscle ultrasound parameters could be used as a low-cost objective method for muscle evaluation in nutritional assessment in older adults

A diagnostic test for malnutrition in adults: mid-upper arm circumference towards body mass index: A literature review

Body mass index is commonly used for detecting malnutrition. At certain conditions, body mass index cannot be measured, so mid-upper arm circumference can be an alternative measurement for detecting malnutrition. Several studies have proposed the cut-off point of mid-upper arm circumference in adults along with its sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve (AUC). This article aims to describe the diagnostic test for malnutrition using the upper arm circumference in adults and summarize the results of the related studies