Emulsion characteristics of salad dressings as affected by caprine whey protein concentrates

Caprine whey protein concentrates (WPC) were incorporated as emulsifiers in a salad dressing. The concentrates were manufactured by ultrafiltration-diafiltration with or without previous clarification by thermocalcic precipitation. Aggregates obtained in the clarification treatment and a commercial bovine WPC were also used as emulsifiers. Good emulsifying properties of caprine products were observed. Dressings made with caprine products showed higher firmness and stability than dressings made with bovine WPC. Thermocalcic precipitation improved the properties of caprine WPC. Aggregates modified the colour of dressings contributing to a more yellowish aspect. Microstructure of emulsions was affected by the type of proteinThe authors thank the Xunta de Galicia (Galicia, Spain), GPC 2016/008 for financial supportS

Exploring electron backscatter diffraction analysis as a tool for understanding stromatolite : Quantitative description of Cretaceous lacustrine stromatolite reveals formative processes and high-resolution climatic cycles

The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Associate Editor Mike Rogerson and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable insights and constructive feedback, which improved the quality of this manuscript. They also thank J. Dabkowski for providing Fig. 7F, R. Riding for discussing stromatolite and S. Choi for discussing EBSD.Peer reviewe

Active wheat gluten films obtained by thermoplastic processing

Active films based on glycerol-plasticized wheat gluten protein containing different thyme oil concentrations (0-15 wt.%) were prepared by a thermoplastic process involving relatively high temperature and pressure. A complete thermal, structural, mechanical, antimicrobial and antioxidant characterization of all formulations was carried out. Antimicrobial activity tests showed that neat thyme oil presented a meaningful antimicrobial activity. The addition of thyme essential oil to formulations based on gluten protein allowed to prepare biodegradable and edible films with increased in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial properties for the most concentrated samples. However, increasing essential oil concentration led to a continuous decrease in the tensile and storage modulus but to an increase in the deformability of the films. Only films containing 10 and 15 wt.% thyme oil showed reduced moisture sorption with respect to the control film (0% thyme oil), while the water vapor permeability and total soluble matter were not markedly affected by its addition. These changes were attributed to the interference of the oil in the formation of the protein molecular network, and were corroborated by the analysis of the films microstructures by SEM.Fil: Ansorena, Maria Roberta. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería En Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Zubeldia, Francisco. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería En Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Marcovich, Norma Esther. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentin

The effect of thermal post-processing treatment on laser powder bed fusion processed NiMnSn-based alloy for magnetic refrigeration

This study investigates the effects of heat treatment (HT) time (one, two, and three weeks) on the microstructure and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) NiMnSn alloys. Increasing the HT time improves chemical homogeneity, and decreases the local misorientation imparted by the LPBF process. This is also associated with an enhancement in the maximum magnetic entropy change (ΔSm) values around the martensitic transformation temperature (TM), which increases from 0.2 J kg−1K−1 to 0.45 J kg−1K−1 under 1 T applied magnetic field. However, the ΔSm of the one-week HTed sample around the curie temperature (Tc) (0.90 J kg−1K−1 at 315 K) is slightly lower than the two weeks and three weeks HTed samples (0.99 J kg−1K−1 at 320 K, 0.94 J kg−1K−1 at 320 K), respectively

Studies on 3D printing of Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ceramic solid electrolyte through Fused Filament Fabrication

Solid-state batteries are considered being the next step in battery technology to achieve higher energy densities and potentially safer batteries. As there is no organic liquid, the risk of flammability is drastically reduced. Nevertheless, there are numerous challenges associated with the realization of all-solid-state batteries, such as improving slow kinetics, contact interface issues between battery components and cell integration among others. 3D printing holds the potential to address these issues as it allows to improve kinetics by structuring the battery components and the possibility of a customized cell integration. A structured surface of the electrolyte can in principle also enhance interface effects with the metal electrode. To contribute in this regard, composite filaments with Na3Zr2Si2PO12 were fabricated and 3D printed. Subsequent sintering of the printed parts after removal of the polymer components led to the required densification of the fully ceramic electrolyte. The parts were microstructurally and electrochemically characterized and showed a reasonable performance with an ionic conductivity of (3.02 ± 0.14) ⋅ 10 4 S⋅cm 1 at 20 ◦C. Critical current density testing revealed stable cycling up to 200 mA⋅cm 2, with cell failure occurring at a current density of 750 mA⋅cm 2, demonstrating the application potential of 3D printed full ceramic solid electrolytes

Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization, and Sintering Behavior of Core-Shell Particles: A Principle Study on Lanthanum Strontium Cobaltite Coated with Nanosized Gadolinium Doped Ceria

In this work, nanostructured (La0.6Sr0.4)0.99CoO3 (LSC)-Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 (CGO) core-shell particles were prepared by precipitating CGO nanoparticles on the surface of LSC particles under hydrothermal conditions. The as-prepared core-shell particles were sintered by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and conventional sintering, and the microstructure evolution and densification behavior were studied. Dense microstructures were reached using both sintering methods at relatively low temperatures. In the case of SPS, the core-shell architecture was partially maintained and nano-structured CGO grains were formed, while conventional sintering led to the formation of larger CGO grains. This work covers a detailed characterization of (a) the individual LSC-CGO core-shell particles and (b) the composites after densification

Effect of Relatively Low Levels of Porosity on the Plasticity of Metals and Implications for Profilometry‐Based Indentation Plastometry

Herein, the effect of dispersed (relatively low levels of) porosity within a metal on its plastic deformation is examined. Stainless steel samples, made via additive manufacturing, are used in the work. It's found that porosity reduces stress levels during yielding and work hardening, approximately in proportion to the pore content. There is no significant difference between the strength of the effect during tension and compression, although porosity does reduce the tensile ductility. Finally, the profilometry-based indentation plastometry (PIP) methodology (for obtaining stress–strain curves from indentation testing) are used. Porosity tends to bring the inferred yield stress down more strongly than during tensile testing and give higher initial rates of work hardening. This is associated with high local strains near the indenter causing closure of pores, so that volume is not conserved during the test. The resultant reduction in the pile-up around the indent creates errors in the inferred stress–strain curve

Antioxidant activity, structural and physical properties of soy-based textured vegetable protein with added cannabis leaves as affected by extrusion process

The effects of cannabis leaf powder substituted for defatted soy flour (CP; 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) and the moisture content of the mixture (MC; 25%, 35% and 45% on a wet basis) on physical properties and antioxidant activities of textured vegetable protein (TVP) prepared using a twin-screw extruder were studied. Increasing CP and MC decreased expansion, resulting in small air cells within the structure, which, in turn, led to an increased bulk density and decreased water absorption capacity, water holding capacity and water solubility index. After rehydration, TVP with the higher CP and MC levels tended to exhibit higher hardness and cohesiveness. An increase in CP significantly (P \u3c 0.05) enhanced the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of TVP as determined by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The preliminary consumer acceptance test indicated that TVP containing less than 10% CP and 25% MC tended to have higher overall liking score, with the texture resembling that of meat

Enhancing microstructural integrity and mechanical strength of mortar containing incinerated ash using carbon nanotube, graphene nanoplatelet and nano silica reinforcements

Abstract Incineration ash contains metallic aluminium that can react with cement alkalis, producing hydrogen gas, which can affect the strength of cementitious materials. In this study, we aimed to improve the technical properties of incinerated ash-based mortar using three different nanomaterials: carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and nano-silica. These nanomaterials were incorporated at concentrations of 0.025 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.25 wt%, 0.5 wt%, and 1 wt% of the cement mass, respectively. Comprehensive analysis indicates that the type of nanomaterials and their doses play a significant role in early age hydration, shortening the induction period and promoting the formation of C-S-H. Study results show evidence up to a 45 % enhancement in compressive strength. Sustainability assessment reveals that a dose of 0.025 % graphene nanoplatelets is the most sustainable from an environmental perspective, with approximately a 25 % improvement in compressive strength of incinerated ash mortar. Findings of the study will contribute to the understanding of nanomaterial-reinforced cementitious systems incorporating incinerated ash and offer valuable guidance for improving the performance of incinerated ash-based cementitious materials in construction applications.Abstract Incineration ash contains metallic aluminium that can react with cement alkalis, producing hydrogen gas, which can affect the strength of cementitious materials. In this study, we aimed to improve the technical properties of incinerated ash-based mortar using three different nanomaterials: carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and nano-silica. These nanomaterials were incorporated at concentrations of 0.025 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.25 wt%, 0.5 wt%, and 1 wt% of the cement mass, respectively. Comprehensive analysis indicates that the type of nanomaterials and their doses play a significant role in early age hydration, shortening the induction period and promoting the formation of C-S-H. Study results show evidence up to a 45 % enhancement in compressive strength. Sustainability assessment reveals that a dose of 0.025 % graphene nanoplatelets is the most sustainable from an environmental perspective, with approximately a 25 % improvement in compressive strength of incinerated ash mortar. Findings of the study will contribute to the understanding of nanomaterial-reinforced cementitious systems incorporating incinerated ash and offer valuable guidance for improving the performance of incinerated ash-based cementitious materials in construction applications