Town of Salem, New Hampshire annual report for the year 2012.

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire

Annual report of the selectmen and other town officers Unity, N.H. year ending December 31, 2008.

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire

Enhancing Usability and Explainability of Data Systems

The recent growth of data science expanded its reach to an ever-growing user base of nonexperts, increasing the need for usability, understandability, and explainability in these systems. Enhancing usability makes data systems accessible to people with different skills and backgrounds alike, leading to democratization of data systems. Furthermore, proper understanding of data and data-driven systems is necessary for the users to trust the function of the systems that learn from data. Finally, data systems should be transparent: when a data system behaves unexpectedly or malfunctions, the users deserve proper explanation of what caused the observed incident. Unfortunately, most existing data systems offer limited usability and support for explanations: these systems are usable only by experts with sound technical skills, and even expert users are hindered by the lack of transparency into the systems\u27 inner workings and functions. The aim of my thesis is to bridge the usability gap between nonexpert users and complex data systems, aid all sort of users, including the expert ones, in data and system understanding, and provide explanations that help reason about unexpected outcomes involving data systems. Specifically, my thesis has the following three goals: (1) enhancing usability of data systems for nonexperts, (2) enable data understanding that can assist users in a variety of tasks such as achieving trust in data-driven machine learning, gaining data understanding, and data cleaning, and (3) explaining causes of unexpected outcomes involving data and data systems. For enhancing usability, we focus on example-driven user intent discovery. We develop systems based on example-driven interactions in two different settings: querying relational databases and personalized document summarization. Towards data understanding, we develop a new data-profiling primitive that can characterize tuples for which a machine-learned model is likely to produce untrustworthy predictions. We also develop an explanation framework to explain causes of such untrustworthy predictions. Additionally, this new data-profiling primitive enables interactive data cleaning. Finally, we develop two explanation frameworks, tailored to provide explanations in debugging data system components, including the data itself. The explanation frameworks focus on explaining the root cause of a concurrent application\u27s intermittent failure and exposing issues in the data that cause a data-driven system to malfunction

Electronic Literature as Digital Humanities

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. Electronic Literature as Digital Humanities: Contexts, Forms & Practices is a volume of essays that provides a detailed account of born-digital literature by artists and scholars who have contributed to its birth and evolution. Rather than offering a prescriptive definition of electronic literature, this book takes an ontological approach through descriptive exploration, treating electronic literature from the perspective of the digital humanities (DH)––that is, as an area of scholarship and practice that exists at the juncture between the literary and the algorithmic. The domain of DH is typically segmented into the two seemingly disparate strands of criticism and building, with scholars either studying the synthesis between cultural expression and screens or the use of technology to make artifacts in themselves. This book regards electronic literature as fundamentally DH in that it synthesizes these two constituents. Electronic Literature as Digital Humanities provides a context for the development of the field, informed by the forms and practices that have emerged throughout the DH moment, and finally, offers resources for others interested in learning more about electronic literature

Electronic Literature as Digital Humanities

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. Electronic Literature as Digital Humanities: Contexts, Forms & Practices is a volume of essays that provides a detailed account of born-digital literature by artists and scholars who have contributed to its birth and evolution. Rather than offering a prescriptive definition of electronic literature, this book takes an ontological approach through descriptive exploration, treating electronic literature from the perspective of the digital humanities (DH)––that is, as an area of scholarship and practice that exists at the juncture between the literary and the algorithmic. The domain of DH is typically segmented into the two seemingly disparate strands of criticism and building, with scholars either studying the synthesis between cultural expression and screens or the use of technology to make artifacts in themselves. This book regards electronic literature as fundamentally DH in that it synthesizes these two constituents. Electronic Literature as Digital Humanities provides a context for the development of the field, informed by the forms and practices that have emerged throughout the DH moment, and finally, offers resources for others interested in learning more about electronic literature

An evaluation of the challenges of Multilingualism in Data Warehouse development

In this paper we discuss Business Intelligence and define what is meant by support for Multilingualism in a Business Intelligence reporting context. We identify support for Multilingualism as a challenging issue which has implications for data warehouse design and reporting performance. Data warehouses are a core component of most Business Intelligence systems and the star schema is the approach most widely used to develop data warehouses and dimensional Data Marts. We discuss the way in which Multilingualism can be supported in the Star Schema and identify that current approaches have serious limitations which include data redundancy and data manipulation, performance and maintenance issues. We propose a new approach to enable the optimal application of multilingualism in Business Intelligence. The proposed approach was found to produce satisfactory results when used in a proof-of-concept environment. Future work will include testing the approach in an enterprise environmen

Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering

computer software maintenance; computer software selection and evaluation; formal logic; formal methods; formal specification; programming languages; semantics; software engineering; specifications; verificatio

The behavioural nature of safety voice: advancing concepts and measures to enable the prevention of harm

Background: The concept of ‘safety voice’ captures the extent to which individuals speak-up about safety. The behaviour is deemed important for preventing accidents, yet interventions are needed because people often fail to speak-up (‘safety silence’), thus contributing to harmful outcomes across safety-critical domains. However, the concept remains disintegrated and grounded in limited evidence and methodologies. Thus, the utility of ‘safety voice’ for safety management remains unclear, prohibiting effective interventions. This thesis therefore aims to evaluate how the behavioural nature of safety voice may be optimally conceptualised, assessed and intervened on. Approach: Four articles presented a systematic literature review (n = 48 publications), twelve experimental studies (ntotal = 1,222) and an analysis of Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) transcripts across 172 aviation accidents (1962-2018; n = 14,128 conversational turns). Article 1 synthesised evidence from across theoretical domains. Article 2 presented the first experimental paradigm for safety voice (‘Walking the Plank’) to address nine methodological challenges. Article 3 observed safety silence in the laboratory to establish and conceptualise how the behaviour manifests in relationship to safety voice and interventions. Article 4 captured safety voice during real-life safety accidents, and investigated how risk, safety listening, power distance and CRM training impact on safety voice. Findings: Safety voice is a distinct concept that is highly ecological and situated, and that is important for understanding how safety voice contributes to accidents. A methodological reliance on self-reports and post-hoc methodologies was identified and addressed through the Walking the Plank paradigm. Safety silence, identifiable through assessing safety concerns, was scalable based on the degree of safety voice speech, with interventions uniquely impacting on five safety themes and hazard stages. Safety voice was found to occur frequently during real accidents, with the developed Threat Mitigation Model underscoring that safety concerns, safety voice and safety listening all contribute to preventing harm