7,015 research outputs found
Quantitative magnetic resonance image analysis via the EM algorithm with stochastic variation
Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (qMRI) provides researchers insight
into pathological and physiological alterations of living tissue, with the help
of which researchers hope to predict (local) therapeutic efficacy early and
determine optimal treatment schedule. However, the analysis of qMRI has been
limited to ad-hoc heuristic methods. Our research provides a powerful
statistical framework for image analysis and sheds light on future localized
adaptive treatment regimes tailored to the individual's response. We assume in
an imperfect world we only observe a blurred and noisy version of the
underlying pathological/physiological changes via qMRI, due to measurement
errors or unpredictable influences. We use a hidden Markov random field to
model the spatial dependence in the data and develop a maximum likelihood
approach via the Expectation--Maximization algorithm with stochastic variation.
An important improvement over previous work is the assessment of variability in
parameter estimation, which is the valid basis for statistical inference. More
importantly, we focus on the expected changes rather than image segmentation.
Our research has shown that the approach is powerful in both simulation studies
and on a real dataset, while quite robust in the presence of some model
assumption violations.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOAS157 the Annals of
Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
A semiparametric extension of the stochastic block model for longitudinal networks
To model recurrent interaction events in continuous time, an extension of the
stochastic block model is proposed where every individual belongs to a latent
group and interactions between two individuals follow a conditional
inhomogeneous Poisson process with intensity driven by the individuals' latent
groups. The model is shown to be identifiable and its estimation is based on a
semiparametric variational expectation-maximization algorithm. Two versions of
the method are developed, using either a nonparametric histogram approach (with
an adaptive choice of the partition size) or kernel intensity estimators. The
number of latent groups can be selected by an integrated classification
likelihood criterion. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of our procedure
on synthetic experiments, analyse two datasets to illustrate the utility of our
approach and comment on competing methods
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