42,172 research outputs found
Information Apprenticeship: Integrating Faith and Learning in the Library
Librarianship is built on information. As we proceed further into the 21st century, librarians need to understand the concept of āinformationā as it cannot be easily defined. This paper presents a brief overview of information theory and reviews several concepts proposed by non-librarians. Also, these ideas, when viewed from a Christian perspective can help our understanding of āinformation.ā A review of related scriptures is also included
An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from Wikipedia links
This paper describes a new technique for obtaining measures of semantic relatedness. Like other recent approaches, it uses Wikipedia to provide structured world knowledge about the terms of interest. Out approach is unique in that it does so using the hyperlink structure of Wikipedia rather than its category hierarchy or textual content. Evaluation with manually defined measures of semantic relatedness reveals this to be an effective compromise between the ease of computation of the former approach and the accuracy of the latter
Wikipedia editing and information literacy: A case study
Purpose: This paper aims to evaluate the success of a Wikipedia editing assessment designed to improve the information literacy skills of a cohort of first-year undergraduate health sciences students.
Design/methodology/approach: In this action research case study (known hereafter as āthe projectā to differentiate this action research from the studentsā own research), students researched, wrote and published Wikipedia articles on Australia-centric health topics. Students were given a pre- and post-test to assess levels of self-confidence in finding, evaluating and referencing information. Student work was also analysed in terms of article length and quantity and the type of information sources used.
Findings: Tests revealed that studentsā self-confidence in their information literacy skills improved overall. Analysis of student work revealed that students wrote longer articles and incorporated more references than expected. References used were of appropriate quality relevant to the article despite minimal instructions.
Originality/value: There are few studies that investigate information literacy development through Wikipedia editing in Australian universities. This study shows that Wikipedia editing is an effective way to carry out student assessment prior to essay writing and an innovative platform to improve information literacy skills in undergraduate students
Probabilistic Bag-Of-Hyperlinks Model for Entity Linking
Many fundamental problems in natural language processing rely on determining
what entities appear in a given text. Commonly referenced as entity linking,
this step is a fundamental component of many NLP tasks such as text
understanding, automatic summarization, semantic search or machine translation.
Name ambiguity, word polysemy, context dependencies and a heavy-tailed
distribution of entities contribute to the complexity of this problem.
We here propose a probabilistic approach that makes use of an effective
graphical model to perform collective entity disambiguation. Input mentions
(i.e.,~linkable token spans) are disambiguated jointly across an entire
document by combining a document-level prior of entity co-occurrences with
local information captured from mentions and their surrounding context. The
model is based on simple sufficient statistics extracted from data, thus
relying on few parameters to be learned.
Our method does not require extensive feature engineering, nor an expensive
training procedure. We use loopy belief propagation to perform approximate
inference. The low complexity of our model makes this step sufficiently fast
for real-time usage. We demonstrate the accuracy of our approach on a wide
range of benchmark datasets, showing that it matches, and in many cases
outperforms, existing state-of-the-art methods
Jointly they edit: examining the impact of community identification on political interaction in Wikipedia
In their 2005 study, Adamic and Glance coined the memorable phrase "divided
they blog", referring to a trend of cyberbalkanization in the political
blogosphere, with liberal and conservative blogs tending to link to other blogs
with a similar political slant, and not to one another. As political discussion
and activity increasingly moves online, the power of framing political
discourses is shifting from mass media to social media. Continued examination
of political interactions online is critical, and we extend this line of
research by examining the activities of political users within the Wikipedia
community. First, we examined how users in Wikipedia choose to display (or not
to display) their political affiliation. Next, we more closely examined the
patterns of cross-party interaction and community participation among those
users proclaiming a political affiliation. In contrast to previous analyses of
other social media, we did not find strong trends indicating a preference to
interact with members of the same political party within the Wikipedia
community. Our results indicate that users who proclaim their political
affiliation within the community tend to proclaim their identity as a
"Wikipedian" even more loudly. It seems that the shared identity of "being
Wikipedian" may be strong enough to triumph over other potentially divisive
facets of personal identity, such as political affiliation.Comment: 33 pages, 5 figure
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