Macro- and microelements content in hair of subjects with arterial hypertension

Wstęp Zaburzenia w składzie mineralnym ustroju mogą mieć istotny udział w patogenezie nadciśnienia tętniczego. Celem badań było określenie zawartości makro- i mikroelementów we włosach osób z pierwotnym nadciśnieniem tętniczym. Materiał i metody Do badań zakwalifikowano 284 osoby w wieku 33–70 lat, które podzielono na 2 grupy: I - 142 osoby z nadciśnieniem tętniczym, II - 142 osoby klinicznie zdrowe (grupa kontrolna). Wiek i płeć w obydwu grupach były zbliżone. Osoby włączone do badań nie przyjmowały żadnych leków przynajmniej na 3 miesiące przed oznaczeniem makro- i mikroelementów. Oznaczenia pierwiastków Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Sr, Ni, Mo, Al, Cd, Pb, Mn, Se, Cr, Co, Li, V, B, Ba, Hg wykonano przy użyciu spektrometru emisji atomowej ze wzbudzeniem plazmowym ICP MS Philips PU 7000. Wyniki W grupie I stwierdzono wyższe wartości Mn, Al, Cd, Pb, Hg oraz większy stosunek Pb/Se, Cd/Se, Al/Se, lecz mniejsze wartości P, Zn i niższy stosunek Ca/Pb, Ca/Cd, Ca/Al, Zn/Pb, Zn/Cd, Zn/Al, Fe/Mn, Zn/Mn niż w grupie II (kontrolnej). Wnioski 1. Metale toksyczne (Pb, Cd, Al, Hg) mogą należeć do czynników patogenetycznych nadciśnienia tętniczego. 2. Niedobór pierwiastków antyoksydacyjnych może wskazywać na konieczność suplementacji Zn i Se u chorych na nadciśnienie tętnicze.Background Disturbances in mineral content of the organism may significantly contribute to the development of arterial hypertension. The aim of the study was to determine macro- and microelements content in hair of subjects with essential arterial hypertension. Material and methods The study involved 284 subjects, aged 33–70 years, who were allotted into 2 groups: I — 142 patients with arterial hypertension, II — 142 clinically healthy subjects (controls). Age and sex ratio were similar in the examined groups. Those subjected to the study were not administered any drugs at least 3 months prior to the determination of macro- and microelements. Determinations of trace elements Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Sr, Ni, Mo, Al, Cd, Pb, Mn, Se, Cr, Co, Li, V, B, Ba, Hg were performed with atomic emission spectrometer with plasmic excitation (ICP MS Philips PU 7000). Results In group I in comparison to group II (control) higher values of Mn, Al, Cd, Pb, Hg were observed, as well as higher Pb/Se, Cd/Se, Al/Se ratio; but lower values of P, Zn and lower Ca/Pb, Ca/Cd, Ca/Al, Zn/Pb, Zn/Cd, Zn/Al, Fe/Mn, Zn/Mn ratio. Conclusions 1. Toxic metals: Pb, Cd, Al, Hg may be one of the pathogenic factors of arterial hypertension. 2. Deficit of antioxidative trace elements may point to the necessity of Zn and Se supplementation in hypertensive patients

Magnesium and Microelements in Older Persons

In recent years, the interest in magnesium and in microelements in older people has exponentially increased. The deficiency of either magnesium and microelements, in fact, is associated with several negative outcomes in older people. Therefore, in this book, we decided to report the most novel and important research findings regarding these important topics. In particular, authoritative authors in the field of nutritional research in older people reported their experience in magnesium research, including articles on metabolic and cardiovascular aspects of magnesium deficiency. Moreover, we speculated the importance of magnesium in infectious diseases, including COVID-19. In this book, we also report some important findings regarding other microelements, such as iron and sodium or potassium, extremely important in older people

Development perspectives of new generation medications based on the redox system regulators

This survey paper describes the necessity of the development of new medications influencing the body redox-potential. It supports the most pressing branch of pharmacology, which coincides with logically relevant attempts to shift paradigm of pharmacology from molecular to electronic, quantum-wave. This article covers and logically assorts research results of recent years and opinions of wide range of scientists from various countries. The authors also give their own assessment of the possibility to influence body redox potential. It is reported that some biophysical achievements regarded undoubtedly put a new spin in pharmacology of the biophysical leve

Oats in the Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

The last decade is characterized by a significant increase in the number of patients with metabolic syndrome, which is a global public health problem and a leading risk factor for cardiovascular and non-communicable diseases. MS is characterized by an increase in the mass of visceral fat, a decrease in the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin, and hyperinsulinemia, causing the development of a combined pathology of internal diseases (multimorbidity), disorders of carbohydrate, lipid, purine metabolism, and arterial hypertension. The prevalence of MS reaches 24% in women and 23% in men. According to different studies, in some populations the prevalence of MS is 20-40%, and among obese patients - 49%; among persons with impaired glucose tolerance, the prevalence of MS is 50%, and in diabetes mellitus - 80%. Although there is no international agreement on the definition and classification of fiber, there is established evidence for the role of dietary fiber in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Beta-glucan (β-glucan) is a soluble fiber readily available from oat and barley grains that is of interest due to its multiple functional and bioactive properties. Its beneficial role in the treatment of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity is constantly documented. The ability of β-glucans to ferment and their ability to form highly viscous solutions in the human intestine may form the basis of their health benefits. hence, β-glucan is widely considered as a food ingredient with the dual purpose of increasing the fiber content of foods and improving their health benefits. β-glucans in the prevention and treatment of the characteristics of the metabolic syndrome, their main mechanisms of action and their potential applications in foods

Monacolin K in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia - chance or threat?

Introduction Hypercholesterolemia is a primary element leading to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases, which are the most common cause of death worldwide. One of the most effective drugs used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia are statins. Monacolin K is a naturally derived substance that exhibits similar effects. Materials and methods The review of studies that follows is based on peer-reviewed scientific publications that may be found on PubMed, Google Scholar and CrossRef. The terms "monacolin K," "hypercholesterolemia," and "monacolin K in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia" were among the most searched. Results Review of the literature shows that Monacolin K is a promising substance that exhibits similar effects to statins and like them contributes to improving lipid profile. Unfortunately, fermented wild rice preparations lack clear information on the exact content of Monacolin K. Additionally, it is almost exclusively available in the form of dietary supplements on the Polish market, which have not been subjected to rigorous studies, so their therapeutic effects have not been scientifically proven. Conclusion The result of the cited studies indicates that It is necessary to regulate the market of preparations containing fermented wild rice. The package should specify the exact content of the active substance and effectiveness should be confirmed by appropriate studies. It would be promising for preparations to be developed at the level of medication rather than dietary supplement

Nutritional properties of commercially important cephalopods from the south-west coast of India

Cephalopods are widely regarded as healthy and nutritionally rich seafood resources. This study focuses on analysing the nutritional composition of six commercially important edible cephalopod species viz., Cistopus indicus, Amphioctopus marginatus, Amphioctopus aegina, Sepia pharaonis, Sepia elliptica and Sepia aculeata, from the Malabar coast of the Indian peninsula. The selected cephalopods were determined to be a rich source of protein ranging from 12.41 to 19.02 g 100 g-1. The amino acid profile demonstrated a balanced ratio of essential to non-essential amino acids (0.93-1.63) with a higher concentration of essential amino acids, attributing enhanced biological value of proteins in these cephalopods. S. pharaonis recorded the highest arginine-to-lysine ratio (~1.77), indicating excellent cholesterolemic index. Notably, octopus species had the lowest total cholesterol content (~100 mg 100 g-1) compared to cuttlefish species which recorded higher cholesterol levels (~160 mg 100 g-1). A. marginatus recorded more significant quantities of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (36.85% total fatty acids) among all the species studied. Octopus species exhibited significantly greater ∑n-3/∑n-6 ratio than cuttlefish species. The ideal atherogenicity/ thrombogenicity indices (<1.0) in the edible tissues of the studied cephalopods qualify these species as potentially healthy food. A. aegina was found to exhibit greater vitamin E (α-tocopherol) contents (17.84 IU), whereas ascorbic acid was pronounced more in A. marginatus (47.06 µg 100 g-1). The higher vitamin D3 content in A. aegina (96.23 µg 100 g-1) among the species studied, highlights its potential role in preventing osteoporosis in adults. Among microelements such as iron and zinc were found in significant quantities in the cephalopod species studied. The findings from the current study provide valuable insights into the nutritional benefits of these species, positioning them as promising candidates for the seafood industry as possible healthy dietary options

Biomedical Perspectives II

Abstract book of International Scientific Conference of Students, Postgraduates and Young Scientist