51 research outputs found
Deep Learning Systems for Advanced Driving Assistance
Next generation cars embed intelligent assessment of car driving safety
through innovative solutions often based on usage of artificial intelligence.
The safety driving monitoring can be carried out using several methodologies
widely treated in scientific literature. In this context, the author proposes
an innovative approach that uses ad-hoc bio-sensing system suitable to
reconstruct the physio-based attentional status of the car driver. To
reconstruct the car driver physiological status, the author proposed the use of
a bio-sensing probe consisting of a coupled LEDs at Near infrared (NiR)
spectrum with a photodetector. This probe placed over the monitored subject
allows to detect a physiological signal called PhotoPlethysmoGraphy (PPG). The
PPG signal formation is regulated by the change in oxygenated and
non-oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in the monitored subject bloodstream
which will be directly connected to cardiac activity in turn regulated by the
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) that characterizes the subject's attention
level. This so designed car driver drowsiness monitoring will be combined with
further driving safety assessment based on correlated intelligent driving
scenario understanding
Unobtrusive Health Monitoring in Private Spaces: The Smart Vehicle
Unobtrusive in-vehicle health monitoring has the potential to use the driving time to perform regular medical check-ups. This work intends to provide a guide to currently proposed sensor systems for in-vehicle monitoring and to answer, in particular, the questions: (1) Which sensors are suitable for in-vehicle data collection? (2) Where should the sensors be placed? (3) Which biosignals or vital signs can be monitored in the vehicle? (4) Which purposes can be supported with the health data? We reviewed retrospective literature systematically and summarized the up-to-date research on leveraging sensor technology for unobtrusive in-vehicle health monitoring. PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus delivered 959 articles. We firstly screened titles and abstracts for relevance. Thereafter, we assessed the entire articles. Finally, 46 papers were included and analyzed. A guide is provided to the currently proposed sensor systems. Through this guide, potential sensor information can be derived from the biomedical data needed for respective purposes. The suggested locations for the corresponding sensors are also linked. Fifteen types of sensors were found. Driver-centered locations, such as steering wheel, car seat, and windscreen, are frequently used for mounting unobtrusive sensors, through which some typical biosignals like heart rate and respiration rate are measured. To date, most research focuses on sensor technology development, and most application-driven research aims at driving safety. Health-oriented research on the medical use of sensor-derived physiological parameters is still of interest
Towards a Common Software/Hardware Methodology for Future Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
The European research project DESERVE (DEvelopment platform for Safe and Efficient dRiVE, 2012-2015) had the aim of designing and developing a platform tool to cope with the continuously increasing complexity and the simultaneous need to reduce cost for future embedded Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). For this purpose, the DESERVE platform profits from cross-domain software reuse, standardization of automotive software component interfaces, and easy but safety-compliant integration of heterogeneous modules. This enables the development of a new generation of ADAS applications, which challengingly combine different functions, sensors, actuators, hardware platforms, and Human Machine Interfaces (HMI). This book presents the different results of the DESERVE project concerning the ADAS development platform, test case functions, and validation and evaluation of different approaches. The reader is invited to substantiate the content of this book with the deliverables published during the DESERVE project. Technical topics discussed in this book include:Modern ADAS development platforms;Design space exploration;Driving modelling;Video-based and Radar-based ADAS functions;HMI for ADAS;Vehicle-hardware-in-the-loop validation system
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Brain Computer Interfacing
A brain-computer interface (BCI) gives those suffering from neuromuscular
impairments a means to interact and communicate with their surrounding
environment. A BCI translates physiological signals, typically electrical,
detected from the brain to control an output device. A significant problem with
current BCIs is the lengthy training periods involved for proficient usage, which
can often lead to frustration and anxiety on the part of the user and may even lead
to abandonment of the device. A more suitable and usable interface is needed to
measure cognitive function more directly. In order to do this, new measurement
modalities, signal acquisition and processing, and translation algorithms need to
be addressed. This work implements a novel approach to BCI design, using noninvasive
near-infrared spectroscopic (NIRS) techniques to develop a userfriendly
optical BCI. NIRS is a practical non-invasive optical technique that can
detect characteristic haemodynamic responses relating to neural activity. This
thesis describes the use of NIRS to develop an accessible BCI system requiring
very little user training. In harnessing the optical signal for BCI control an
assessment of NIRS signal characteristics is carried out and detectable
physiological effects are identified for BCI development. The investigations into
various mental tasks for controlling the BCI show that motor imagery functions
can be detected using NIRS. The optical BCI (OBCI) system operates in realtime
characterising the occurrence of motor imagery functions, allowing users to
control a switch - a “Mindswitch”. This work demonstrates the great potential of
optical imaging methods for BCI development and brings to light an innovative
approach to this field of research
Towards a Common Software/Hardware Methodology for Future Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
The European research project DESERVE (DEvelopment platform for Safe and Efficient dRiVE, 2012-2015) had the aim of designing and developing a platform tool to cope with the continuously increasing complexity and the simultaneous need to reduce cost for future embedded Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). For this purpose, the DESERVE platform profits from cross-domain software reuse, standardization of automotive software component interfaces, and easy but safety-compliant integration of heterogeneous modules. This enables the development of a new generation of ADAS applications, which challengingly combine different functions, sensors, actuators, hardware platforms, and Human Machine Interfaces (HMI). This book presents the different results of the DESERVE project concerning the ADAS development platform, test case functions, and validation and evaluation of different approaches. The reader is invited to substantiate the content of this book with the deliverables published during the DESERVE project. Technical topics discussed in this book include:Modern ADAS development platforms;Design space exploration;Driving modelling;Video-based and Radar-based ADAS functions;HMI for ADAS;Vehicle-hardware-in-the-loop validation system
12th Man in Space Symposium: The Future of Humans in Space. Abstract Volume
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is pleased to host the 12th IAA Man in Space Symposium. A truly international forum, this symposium brings together scientists, engineers, and managers interested in all aspects of human space flight to share the most recent research results and space agency planning related to the future of humans in space. As we look out at the universe from our own uniquely human perspective, we see a world that we affect at the same time that it affects us. Our tomorrows are highlighted by the possibilities generated by our knowledge, our drive, and our dreams. This symposium will examine our future in space from the springboard of our achievements
Hybrid wheelchair controller for handicapped and quadriplegic patients
In this dissertation, a hybrid wheelchair controller for handicapped and quadriplegic patient is proposed. The system has two sub-controllers which are the voice controller and the head tilt controller. The system aims to help quadriplegic, handicapped, elderly and paralyzed patients to control a robotic wheelchair using voice commands and head movements instead of a traditional joystick controller. The multi-input design makes the system more flexible to adapt to the available body signals. The low-cost design is taken into consideration as it allows more patients to use this system
Aerospace Medicine and Biology: Cumulative index, 1979
This publication is a cumulative index to the abstracts contained in the Supplements 190 through 201 of 'Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A Continuing Bibliography.' It includes three indexes-subject, personal author, and corporate source
Orbiting experiment for study of extended weightlessness Final report
Design, mission, and development of orbiting experiment to study extended weightlessness using monkeys and Apollo applications vehicl
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