A Hybrid Efficient PV-Battery Powered LED Lighting Scheme

As we all know now a day�s developing countries across Asia and Africa are hit with the serious energy crisis. So To fulfill the power demand people started looking towards renewable sources of energy such as solar and wind energy. In this paper fully controlled, flexible and self-adjusting LED lighting PV-Battery powered scheme using a pulse-width modulation (PWM) switching and controlled by a dual-loop error driven, time de-scaled, WM proportional-integral-derivative (WM-PID) control scheme for the PV-battery interfaced to the LED load. It decreases the amplitude of transient voltage and minimize inrush current for balancing common DC bus to the LED load. The new adjustable controller uses a directed dual-loop error-driven, error-time descaled controller for the PWM switching along with MOSFET/IGBT switches. The dual-action regulator uses error driven weighted modified (WM-PID) proportional-integral-derivative controller with quick response auxiliary derivative loops to achieve efficient control action

Hybrid Wind and Solar Systems Optimization

Solar and wind energy systems are considered as promising power-generating sources due to their availability and advantages in local power generation. However, a drawback is their unpredictable nature. This problem can be partially overcome by integrating these two resources or more in a proper combination to form a hybrid energy system. Nevertheless, the harmonization of different energy sources, energy storage, and load requirements is a challenging task. Thus, the performance of various possible configurations has to be investigated to reach the optimum combination using a simulation program. The number of simulations and time required for calculation increases with the increase in number of optimization variables. Therefore, the selection of a quick and accurate optimization technique is very important. Different software packages, such as HOMER and iHOGA, were developed, where each of them is based on a different optimization algorithm

Energy Management Control for Multimode Microgrid Renewable Integration

The need for storing energy has grown in correlation with the need for renewable and distributed energy resources. Designing a storage unit system which complements the distributed generation is required for increased efficiency and reducing the burden on the utility grid. The energy storage model used in this thesis is the Li-ion battery which is efficient, has high energy density and has applications in field of electronics, transportation and electric power industry. The wind turbine generator, photovoltaic (PV) and the energy storage unit modeled in this work share a symbiotic relationship even though they are completely separate entities which can be connected at separate locations. This study contributes better control as well as ease of connection to the system. To show the effect of storage unit on microgrid distribution system two test systems were considered, standalone system and standard IEEE 13 node feeder system with wind turbine generator and photovoltaic panel. The integration and control of energy storage system is achieved using a battery energy management control (BEMC) at the upper level and a real/reactive power controlled voltage source converter at the lower level. To enhance the control, optimization is performed where the proportional gain and the integral time constant of the PI controller are optimized using genetic algorithm which reduces the losses and increases the efficiency of the system. The results show that the battery energy management control system is effective in controlling the modes of operation of energy storage module based on the wind and solar conditions and is able to completely balance the power produced by the wind generator and PV modules. In this thesis all the test systems and the control were implemented in PSCAD as it is emerging as the new industry standard for transient power applications research

Development of a hybrid power management unit for mobile applications: solar energy case study

Applying photovoltaic power to mobile devices has become a hot area of research due to the availability of solar energy. Usage of photovoltaic as the power source for mobile devices will enhance device performance. There are many challenges to interface photovoltaic energy to mobile loads such as variation of power coming out from photovoltaic panels, unregulated voltage and limited power. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is used in photovoltaic systems to maximize the photovoltaic array output power under environmental variations such as irradiation and temperature for mobile applications. A power management system is proposed to apply photovoltaic harvested energy effectively to mobile or handheld devices while running workloads. The proposed system mainly consists of a MPPT block and a Power Distribution Control Unit (PDCU). The PDCU allows usage of an AC/DC external in case of insufficient photovoltaic power in order to maintain the load running. Different cases of operation are handled by the PDCU unit depending on the availability of photovoltaic power, load power, battery state of charge and existence of the AC/DC external. In addition, a new MPPT algorithm is proposed to provide fast and accurate tracking. Analysis and simulation results are provided to demonstrate system functionality and performance sensitivity. Moreover, a prototype of the proposed system is still under progress, to verify the possibility of building such system

Demand Side Management Studies on Distributed Energy Resources: A Survey

The number of distributed environmentally friendly energy sources and generators necessitates new operating methods and a power network board to preserve or even increase the efficiency and quality of the power supply. Similarly, the growth of matriculates promotes the formation of new institutional systems, in which power and power exchanges become increasingly essential. Because of how an inactive entity traditionally organizes distribution systems, the DG’s connection inevitably changes the system’s qualifications to which it is connected. As a consequence of the Distributed Generation, this presumption is currently legal and non-existent. This article glides on demand side management and analysis on distributed energy resources. Investigation of DSM along with zonal wise classification has been carried out in this survey. Its merits and applications are also presented

Summary of photovoltaic system performance models

A detailed overview of photovoltaics (PV) performance modeling capabilities developed for analyzing PV system and component design and policy issues is provided. A set of 10 performance models are selected which span a representative range of capabilities from generalized first order calculations to highly specialized electrical network simulations. A set of performance modeling topics and characteristics is defined and used to examine some of the major issues associated with photovoltaic performance modeling. Each of the models is described in the context of these topics and characteristics to assess its purpose, approach, and level of detail. The issues are discussed in terms of the range of model capabilities available and summarized in tabular form for quick reference. The models are grouped into categories to illustrate their purposes and perspectives