Forum: Literature and Language Awareness: Using Literature to Achieve CEFR Outcomes

This article sets out to explore why literature (used in this article to mean poetry, plays, short stories or novels) is often a marginalised resource in EFL classrooms, even though the Common European Framework of References for Languages (CEFR) suggests it should have a role in the classroom. It first reports on the results of a questionnaire investigating English teachers’ attitudes towards using literature in the classroom. After a discussion of these results, it explores some ways in which the use of literature can be linked to CEFR outcomes in a practical teaching framework which teachers can apply to literature they choose to teach

Cornish Language and Literature: A Brief Introduction

Język kórnicki należy do języków celtyckich i jest spokrewniony z walijskim i bretońskim. Jego historię dzieli się na trzy okresy: starokomicki (od czasów inwazji anglosaksońskich aż po koniec XII w.), średniokornicki (1200-1600) i późnokornicki (1600-1800). Do najstarszych zabytków języka kornickiego należy 19 glos z końca IX w. oraz pochodzący z początku XII w. słownik łacińsko-kornicki (Vocabularium Cornicum) zawierający 961 słów. Najważniejsze dzieła literackie powstały w okresie średniokornickim. Były to misteria (Ordinalia, Żywot iw . Meriaska) i wiersze, głównie o chrakterze religijnym (Męka Pańska). Z okresu późnokomickiego pozostał, najprawdopodobniej jedynie we fragmencie, jeden dramat (Stworzenie świata), krótka powiastka osnuta na motywach ludowych, piosenki, przysłowia i tłumaczenia, zwłaszcza tekstów o charakterze religijnym. Na przełomie XVIII i XIX w. język kórnicki przestał istnieć. W XX w. są podejmowane próby wskrzeszenia języka. Mimo metodologicznych zastrzeżeń wysuwanych przez niektórych językoznawców istnieje obecnie kilka wariantów rekonstruowanego kornickiego (Unified Cornish, Common Cornish, Modern Comish). W każdym rozwija się literatura, głównie poezja, ale także opowiadania, powieści, tłumaczenia, literatura dla dzieci, a nawet słuchowiska radiowe. Warunkiem dalszego rozwoju literatury jest ujednolicenie i upowszechnienie rekonstruowanego języka.Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 dofinansowane zostało ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej nauk

Crossovers: Digitalization and literature in foreign language education

Digitalization produces increasingly multimodal and interactive literary forms. A major challenge for foreign language education in adopting such forms lies in deconstructing discursive borders between literary education and digital education (romance of the book vs. euphoric media heavens), thereby crossing over into a perspective in which digital and literary education are intertwined. In engaging with digital literary texts, it is additionally important to consider how different competencies and literary/literacy practices interact and inform each other, including: (1) a receptive perspective: reading digital narratives and digital literature can become a space for literary aesthetic experience, and (2) a productive perspective: learners can become “produsers” (Bruns, 2008) of their own digital narratives by drawing on existing genre conventions and redesigning “available designs” (New London Group, 1996). Consequently, we propose a typology of digital literatures, incorporating functional, interactive and narrative aspects, as applied to a diverse range of digital texts. To further support our discussion, we draw on a range of international studies in the fields of literacies education and 21st century literatures (e.g., Beavis, 2010; Hammond, 2016; Kalantzis & Cope, 2012; Ryan, 2015) and, in turn, explore trajectories for using concrete digital literary texts in the foreign language classroom

The Mockingbird

Emily Price [Editor’s Note]; Micheal Bumgarner [Artist’s Statement]; Emrie Gilbert [“The Sins of the Fathers Visited upon the Children,” or How I Lived More-or-Less Openly Queer in the Southern Baptist Church]; Korbin Rhue [Playing Gods: An Aspiring Author’s Guide to Creating a Fantasy World That Feels Real to Your Readers]; Kylee Phalen [Prodigal Daughter: A Queer Christian’s Open Letter to the Church]; Ethan Walker [Hit]; Wendy Gourley [Seeing in the Dark]; Elias Murphy [Who I Am]; Andy Demczuk [Lesdiguières]; Amara Bunten [Method Acting]; Sappho Stanley [Like a Bosch]; Wendy Gourley [Butterflies]; Courtney Harvey [roolF eht no sI gniR ehThe Ring Is on the Sink]; Michelle Bravender [Forgotten Magic]; Emily Katt [The Moon-Eyed People]; Phi Hagelberg [Honeysuckle]; AQ Hanna [love, again]; Emma Sheedlo [corrosion]; Hannah Smith [Metacarpal Melancholy]; Hannah Smith [My Mother\u27s Blessing]; Holly Todaro [A Witness, a Testimony]; Sappho Stanley [To the Dried McDonald\u27s Fry in my Bag]; Andy Demczuk [AR for the Ears™]; Phi Hagelberg [a shell-shaped brain]; Phi Hagelberg [where I go when I masturbate]; Phi Hagelberg [A Year or Two Ago]; Chloe Philpot [blessing your hometown]; Chloe Philpot [I SEND MY CONDOLENCES TO THE SOUTH BUT LOVE IS SWEET AND I WANT TO TASTE IT]; Emrie Gilbert [Elegy for my Sibling]; Emrie Gilbert [grave-marker journey]; Emrie Gilbert [Hunter\u27s Blessing]; Amara Bunten [her body is a graveyard]; Emily Katt [To Prepare]; Lilith Erbach [Eden: A Series of Haikus]; John Tipton [The Crash of a Wave]; Tuck Ledbetter [To Thomas Merton]; Tanner Linkous [Turning Off]; Tyler Wick [Late May 2014, the Day after a Storm]; Tyler Wick [An Act of Cleaning]; Tyler Wick [Everyone\u27s Father Is a Carpenter]https://dc.etsu.edu/mockingbird/1048/thumbnail.jp

The Mockingbird

Rachel Bates [Traps]; Kyle Blauw [Body No. 1: I Simply Wanted the Physique of a Swimmer and Didn’t Really Care for Swimming]; Frances A. Borgers [Rappacini’s Goblet]; Spenser Brenner [Uncle Sam]; Sam Campbell [Interview with Rita Sims Quillen]; Therese L.Castaneda [A Belizean Folktale: The Misery of Margarita]; Catherine Pritchard Childress [Housewife’s Howl]; Maggie Colvett [To a friend, who yawned in fall]; Alex Dykes [City Wind]; Ashley Fox [Our Own]; Ashley Hagy [Sunset]; Charles Hagy [A Dance of Cultures: Working with Desert Flowers at the Shakespeare and Friends Renaissance Faire]; Josh Holley [Bob and Carson on a Couch]; Mollie Horney [Fearless]; Chris Witkowski, Kesha Miller & Hannah Irvin [Bartonian Wormhole]; Becca Irvin [Stoneware Ash Bowl]; Storm Ketron [Hang Me, Oh Hang Me]; Robert Kottage [The Red Skylark]; Kimberley Leland [Waterway]; Jody Mitchell [Juggling]; Mary Molony [What Are You Serving For]; Joseph Riner [Untitled (Series]]; Stephanie Streeter [Fever Dream, Or Carrying the Twins]; Victoria L. Vanderveer [Order Up]; Sara Sutterfield Winn [Visual Flight Rules, siren]; Katherine D. Zimmerman [Bobbi Rai’s Concrete Sculptures]https://dc.etsu.edu/mockingbird/1005/thumbnail.jp

The Mockingbird

Andrew Barnes [Good Stock]; Josh Blevins [Firebird]; Joseph Bowman [Epilogue]; Nikki Buckner-McCoy [Bargaining]; Andrew Butler [Octet and Sestet from an Asheville Balcony, Convalescent Haiku, Alchemy, Coming of Age Again and The Graduate]; Danielle Byington [Children until We Die]; Disconnected Rima Day [Quilt]; Ashley Fox [Baptism, Interview with Jane Hicks, His Girl]; Hannah Harper [Selkie]; Hunter Hines [Inward Spiral]; Mary Hunter [Learning Norn Iron]; Becca Irvin [Altered Vessel]; Storm Ketron [Origin: Johnson City, TN]; Derek Laurendeau [Pop-Up Book I , Metamorphosis]; Kimberly Leland [Empty Nest]; Caroline Lowery [Stella]; Freddie Lyle [Untitled II]; Kelly Meadows [Seek]; Andrea Menendez [Radio Children]; Shalam Minter [Mirror, Mirror]; Jerianne Paul [Go Singing into Zion, Rafters]; Tyler Ridgeway [The Void]; Lauren Roberts [Yellow House with Sign]; Jared Sand [The Mouthpiece]; Joseph Sloan [Goddess of the Harvest:How I Met My Wife]; Cate Strain [For Piper on My 46th Birthday]; Daniel Taylor [Astray]; Adam Timbs [The Older City]; Jacob Vines [The Canyon Black]; Kaci Wells [Untitled]https://dc.etsu.edu/mockingbird/1003/thumbnail.jp

The Mockingbird

Matthew Allen [Decline]; Maria Bledsoe [Gentility of Steel for Jack Higgs]; Joseph Bowman [All That’s Left]; Keith Brake [Walk-Off]; Madison Brown [Blue Plums]; DeVan Burton [Lemons on the Avenue]; Sam Campbell [Fading]; Luke Champouillon [Cold steel infinity]; Maggie Colvett [Seasonal, Postdiluvians, Voie ]; Rima Day [Rococo Head]; Emily Eversgerd [Spring Frost]; Nancy Fischman [Bottle I]; Jane Hicks [Mistress Mine]; John Hodgson [Jormungandr]; Jake Ingram [Marie]; Heather Justice [Tortoise Man]; Laura Higgs Kappel [An Interview with Dr. Jack Higgs by His Daughter,Laura Higgs Kappel]; Robert Kottage [Bonnaroo 2007: A “Coming of Middle Age” Story]; Adam Lambert [Picture of My Father as a Young Man, April 18th , Words I wish we had]; Derek Laurendeau [Desire]; Jake Lawson [A Great Collapse]; Kim McCoy [Turtle Truck]; Nell McGrady [Painting in First Person]; Jody Mitchell [Plato’s Chair]; Daniel Morefield [When I Die]; Melanie Norris [Frank]; Jerianne Paul [Utah Territory, 1861]; Charles Anthony Perkins [Station 13: Atonement]; Rita Quillen [October Dusk]; Janet Leigh Robinson [Laura]; Laura Simpson [The Rabbit Pot]; Nicholas Smith [Flute, A Poem for the Palm of Your Hand]; Natasha Snyder [Garden Party]; Alyssa Spooner [This Shed Had a Tree Fall on It, Dragon]; Greta Talton [Photograph from an Old Album]; Sara West [Silver Spoon, Have You Heard the One about the Methodist Who Walks into the Southern Baptist Convention?]https://dc.etsu.edu/mockingbird/1004/thumbnail.jp

The Mockingbird

Riley Armstrong [2084]; Brian Baker [Heretica Malleus]; Matthew J. Brown [A Functional Use of Space]; Patrick Burke [Soda Fired Vase]; Carmen Burroughs [Honeysuckle]; Danielle Byington [Calamine Typewriter; Conception; Words, with You in Mind]; Gabe Cameron [Juxtaposition]; Catherine Pritchard Childress [The Cinnamon Peeler’s Wife; Bathsheba’s Bath; Blossoming Indigo]; Joshua Cole [Four Seasons]; Brooke Day [Ornament]; Nancy Jane Eanest [Scraps of a Life]; Olivia Ellis [Grumpy Livie]; Matthew Gilbert [Contingency]; Jonathan Hill [Chiaksan; Buried in the Mountain]; Hunter Hilton [A List of Things Someone]; Janice Hornburg [How to Become a Fossil]; Alisa Johnson [Flower]; Lindsey King [Sparking]; Katie Lea [Meta Moments]; Rachel Maynard [Triggered: Reading with a Raw Heart]; Beth Miller [At What Cost]; Shalam Minter [Fracture 1 & 11]; Amanda Musick [Mother Is My Light]; Andrew Norris [This Looks Like a Job for Aquaman]; Elizabeth Saulsbury [Deserted]; Kelsey A. Solomon [A Song for My Mooresburg Springs Mothers; Because they told me to write my own history; Interview with Catherine Pritchard Childress]; Adonica Supertramp [A Shift in Perspective]; Linda Tipton [Albatross]; Laura Traister [Alcedo Atthis; Beach Seining; Circumventing the Street Preacher; Indian Morning; The Interruption]; Kathryn Haaland [I Am Something New]; Whitney Parkinson [Flow]; C.J. Wehr [Unwanted Changes]; Haley White [Untitled Owl]https://dc.etsu.edu/mockingbird/1000/thumbnail.jp

Comparison of the language networks from literature and blogs

In this paper we present the comparison of the linguistic networks from literature and blog texts. The linguistic networks are constructed from texts as directed and weighted co-occurrence networks of words. Words are nodes and links are established between two nodes if they are directly co-occurring within the sentence. The comparison of the networks structure is performed at global level (network) in terms of: average node degree, average shortest path length, diameter, clustering coefficient, density and number of components. Furthermore, we perform analysis on the local level (node) by comparing the rank plots of in and out degree, strength and selectivity. The selectivity-based results point out that there are differences between the structure of the networks constructed from literature and blogs

The Mockingbird

Sam Campbell [Nightwatchers; Waffle House]; Brynne Carlisle [Better to be Pissed Off, Than to be Pissed On]; Elizabeth Chapman [Communication]; Megan Cruey [Wearing Hajib in London: The Tale of a Bond Formed Abroad]; Jessica Dunker [The Sound of Color]; Nancy Jane Earnest [Conjuring; Measures of Necessity]; Olivia Ellis [Jungle Fever]; Matthew LA Gilbert [A Conversation With Tamara Baxter]; Lia Hall [A Bookish Love]; Amber Howard [Eve’N Adam]; Kayla Ireson [The Rebuff of Discovery]; Abby Lewis [0.6 Inches; Over the Shoulder of the Moon; Sentries of the Cemetery]; Dillon McCroskey [Paralysis Under Popcorn Ceilings]; Micah McCrotty [Cartography; The Grey Hawk]; Rieppe Moore [Kindle Gathering; Lines Held in Husk]; Raina Nief [Untitled (Blue quilt)]; Hannah Oakes [I’ll Have the Steak]; Emma Owens [Ella Va, Poco a Poco; She Goes, By and By]; Emily Price [Earthworm Exodus; Greenville, TN; Styrofoam]; Lizzy Rees [Untitled (bag with rifle)]; Amber Rookstool [A Goddess’s Hysteria; Cat Scratches; Shaking Ground; Tierra Temblorosa]; Dayton Sheffield [Three Seconds]; Lacy Snapp [Heart Pine; Red Oak; Roble Rojo]; Zoey Thomas [Juliana]https://dc.etsu.edu/mockingbird/1045/thumbnail.jp