Index for Marine Fisheries Information Service, Technical and Extension Series, Nos. 51-100(July 1983-October,1989)

Index for Marine Fisheries Information Service, Technical and Extension Serie

Economics of Turtle catch in West Bengal

An investigation was carried out during the months of November and December, 1983 to study the economics of turtle catch in the coastal belt of West Bengal. The data relating to income and expenditure of different units were collected from Midnapore district of West Bengal where the turtles caught from Orissa coast were lauded. In the first place, the rising price of turtle over the years drew the interior coastal economy into the distant urban market, but this has helped to strengthen the position of a few economically and socially namely, the operators of trawlers and the mechanized boats and secondly, once drawn into the urban commercial circuit, the rural coastal scenario could not escape the demonstration effect of urban centres, the result of which gets manifested in the change of living standard of the people associated with country boat. Extensive study is necessary to find out the detailed biology, and stock position of the species and if controlled fishing can be allowed so that the species does not face extinction and at the same time help to maintain the existing living standards of the fishermen

CMFRI Newsletter No.035 January- March 1987

Abstract not availabl

Extraction of papain enzyme from papaya leaves using enzyme assisted method

Papain is highly appreciated in medical field that prevents several chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes. Therefore, the objective of the research is to extract papain enzyme from papaya leaves using enzyme assisted method and determine papain activity. The Cellullase assisted extraction process was optimized by varying different parameters such as pH of extraction process, Cellulase concentration, Solid to Liquid ratio, incubation time and incubation temperature. Each 5 g of papaya leaves were ground and mixed with acetate buffer at a different Solid to Liquid ratio (1:5 - 1:25 g/ml) and adjusted with different pH (3-8). Cellulase was quantified and dispersed in acetate buffer (Na2HPO—citric acid) in different concentration (0.5 - 2.5 mg/ml).The enzymatic pretreatment was carried out and continued for enzyme assisted extraction process for various temperature and time (5070o4C and 1-5 h respectively). The optimal extraction conditions that satisfied the above constraints were found to be at pH 7, 1.5 mg/ml of Cellulase, solid to liquid of 1:10 (g/ml), an extraction time of 4 h and at an extraction temperature of 65oC. Under the optimum conditions, the extraction yield of papain was successfully achieved as much as 3.8018 µmole with 2.0910 Units/ml in Cellulase treated sample. Therefore, the potential for the papain enzyme in medical field can be fulfilled using enzyme assisted extraction

Evaluation of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Hybrids for Yield and Papain Recovery

Six papaya hybrids, viz., CO-1 × Pusa Nanha, CO-2 × Pusa Nanha, CO-4 × Pusa Nanha, CO-5 × Pusa Nanha, CO-6 × Pusa Nanha and CO-7 × Pusa Nanha, along with their respective parents, were evaluated for fruit yield and quality. Higher fruit yield was recorded in hybrids CO-2 × Pusa Nanha, CO-4 × Pusa Nanha and CO-5 × Pusa Nanha at first harvest. Higher papain recovery was seen in CO-2 × Pusa Nanha and CO-5 × Pusa Nanha and activity of this enzyme was highest in CO-5 × Pusa Nanha. For fruit yield at first harvest, hybrids CO-2 × Pusa Nanha, CO-4 × Pusa Nanha, CO-6 × Pusa Nanha and CO-5 × Pusa Nanha recorded higher heterosis over mid- and better parental values. Fruit yield at first harvest exhibited high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation. Days to flowering had the least genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation. Highest heritability estimates were recorded for plant height at first flowering, ascorbic acid content and titrable acidity. Fruit yield at first harvest showed high genetic advance as percentage of mean and the least genetic advance was seen for days to flowering. CO-2 × Pusa Nanha, CO-4 × Pusa Nanha, CO-5 × Pusa Nanha and CO-6 × Pusa Nanha showed better yield and earliness, and are recommended for further evaluation

CMFRI Newsletter No.029 & 030 July- December 1985

Abstract not availabl

Audit of the workload in a Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgical Unit in Johannesburg

A research report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg July, 2017.INTRODUCTION Maxillo-facial and oral surgical (MFOS) audits provide data to both current and prospective patients regarding the quality of care an institution is capable of providing. The more frequently performed MFOS procedures can be determined and the allocation of funding and resources can therefore be more appropriately allocated. The scope of MFOS practice that can be determined from an audit may be used for comparison with international trends of practice and for future planning in the training of registrars. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to conduct an audit to evaluate the workload and scope of practice of the MFOS unit in the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH) for the year 2015 (1st January 2015 to 31st December 2015) by quantifying MFOS conditions and respective treatment modalities for this period. The objectives of the study were to determine the number of patients treated in the unit, their mean age and gender, the spectrum of MFOS activities and scope of practice and to relate this to areas of practice described by Laskin in 2008. METHODS AND MATERIALS The study was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of patients managed in the MFOS unit of the CMJAH. The sample included all patients (in-patients and out-patients) treated in the unit over a one-year period (1st January 2015 to 31st December 2015). Data was retrieved from the statistics of the unit which included a theatre logbook for cases treated under general anaesthesia, as well as a patient register for cases treated under local anaesthesia at the Wits Dental Hospital (located in the CMJAH). The data colleced included patient age, gender, month of procedure, diagnosis of condition, anatomical site of condition (for trauma and pathology) and the nature of the procedure performed. RESULTS A total of 1,750 patients were treated in the CMJAH MFOS unit during the year 2015. Five hundred and two patients (502) were treated under general anaesthesia while 1,248 patients were treated under local anaesthesia. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1 and the majority of these patients were in their 3rd and 4th decade. Most patients required a tooth extraction mainly for an impacted 3rd molar. Conditions such as trauma, pathology, post-operative complications and sepsis were most commonly encountered. Isolated conditions such as facial deformities, edentulism, partial edentulism and temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) were seen on a much lower scale. Dentoalveolar surgery was the most commonly performed procedure followed by the treatment of facial fractures, biopsy of pathological lesions and the incision and drainage of sepsis. Procedures such as jaw reconstructions, jaw resections, soft tissue surgery, orthognathic surgery, implant placements and temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) surgery were not regularly encountered and only performed under general anaesthesia. The treatment of post-operative complications was also not routinely performed. DISCUSSION The CMJAH MFOS unit treats a high volume of patients in comparisons with global studies. The scope of practice according to areas described by Laskin (2008) is relatively broad, with most procedures being performed in the unit. Certain more advanced MFOS procedures in Laskin’s area of familiarity are not commonly done by registrars due to a low demand and a lack of funding. CMJAH policy also prevents the treatment of certain conditions by the unit, which leads to a slight narrowing of the scope of practice. CONCLUSIONS In accordance with global workloads and trends, the CMJAH MFOS unit treats a significantly high number of patients as compared with numbers seen on the Asian continent. The scope of MFOS practice is relatively broad with regard to Laskin’s areas of expertise and competence but very narrow in the area of familiarity. We recommend that the workload of the unit might be reduced by training more dental practitioners in primary healthcare procedures. In order to increase their scope of MFOS practice, registrars should devote a fixed amount of time to confering with specialists in private practices who are exposed to advanced MFOS procedures.LG201

Anatomy and stomatal micromorphology of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. (Winged Bean)

Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (winged bean) belongs to the family Fabaceae. It is self-pollinated and growing in the tropical regions of the world. Present study investigated the anatomy of stem, node, petiole, leaf, root and stomatal micro- morphological characters of this species. Stem anatomy showed epidermis, cortical layers (collenchyma and chlorenchyma) schlerencymatous bundle sheath with conjoint, collateral vascular bundle and unilacunar node. One of the distinguishing features in leaf anatomy was the presence of sac like outgrowths filled with simple parenchyma and were usually seen opposite side to the midrib vascular bundle. In the petiole, vascular strands were cylindrical and arc shaped and in roots, four xylem and four phloem patches were present. Paracytic stomata were seen on both sides of the leaves. The stomatal index on adaxial and abaxial surface was 5.54-9.27% and 53.57-61.29% respectively. In general anatomical characteristics of P.tetragonolobus were used for the identification key of this species. &nbsp