Josephine Butler: women Rights between religion and military

Tese de mestrado, Estudos Anglísticos, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2009The following dissertation spots a light on social issues of women in the Victorian era. Intolerance was the main feature of victorian era. But in the middle of century flexibility was spread over victorian society. In other words, women were allowed to study and work under strict conditions and social conventions. So, we can say that Victorian's social manners ruled their life. I think it is possible to say Queen Victoria was the actress not the writer of strict rules. Meaning, Victorian's women were obey rules of God which were changed and reformed in a way or another to suit human needs. This reforming made a gap within society. In other words, classes and differences between a man and a woman were appeared. Equality was the other feature of Victorian's society. A man's and a woman's positions were unequal within Victorian society. It is also examines Josephine Butler's works, Social Purity (1879) and Truth Before Everything (1897) and the case of prostitutes also brought up to the light by Josephine Butler. Although she made her readers give attention to this danger and to fight against it because and as I understood from her works she was worried about of increase this social danger within society and how to control it. The projective of this study is to analyse literary text and give an idea about the history and appeals of human equality and social justice for communities in our time through cultural and social conflicts that occur within societies.Resumo disponível em língua árab

‘Granny thinking what she is going to write in her book’: religion, politics and the Pontefract by-election of 1872 in Josephine Butler’s Personal Reminiscences of a Great Crusade (1896)

Josephine Butler’s 'Personal Reminiscences of a Great Crusade' (1896) has long been considered as one of the crucial pieces of evidence for the campaign against the Contagious Diseases Acts. Yet few scholars have examined this text to consider what Butler’s only explicit autobiographical publication tells us about how she represented and sought to represent her role in the repeal movement. Scholars have instead preferred to explore how Butler revealed the ‘auto/biographical I’ in the biographies of her father, sister and husband, as well as in her hagiographical writings. This article argues that Personal Reminiscences enabled Butler to reinforce a religiously informed identity. It does so by unpacking her account of the Pontefract by-election of 1872. Both biographers and historians have been drawn to her account of the by-election, especially her description of the terrifying events in the hayloft

Commencement Exercises Program, August 5, 1938

Commencement Exercises Program, August 5, 1938

Commencement Exercises Program, August 7, 1942

Commencement Exercises Program, August 7, 1942

Gender, conflict, continuity: Anne Brontë's 'The Tenant of Wildfell Hall' (1848) and Sarah Grand's 'The Heavenly Twins' (1893)

This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final published article is available from the link below. Copyright @ 2010 W. S. Maney & Son Ltd.The New Woman fiction of the fin de siècle brought into conflict patriarchal and feminist ideologies, challenging widely held assumptions about gender roles and the position of women. Sarah Grand's The Heavenly Twins is an important contribution to the genre, and engages with a number of the key issues that concerned feminists at the end of the nineteenth century, including marriage, the education of women, the double standard, male licentiousness, and the wider issue of social purity. These are also key themes in Anne Brontë's The Tenant of Wildfell Hall — published nearly fifty years before Grand's seminal New Woman text. In this essay, I consider Anne Brontë's text as a forerunner to the New Woman fiction of the fin de siècle, through a comparative examination of The Tenant of Wildfell Hall and The Heavenly Twins

Religion and Politics in Modern Britain

The appearance of J. R. Oldfield's study, Popular politics and British anti-slavery, first published by Manchester University Press in 1995, now in paperback and therefore available for a student market, is much to be welcomed. The book is already well established in its field. As James Walvin writes in his preface, ‘Oldfield's research serves to clinch a simple but critical issue, namely that in the attack on the slave trade, popular revulsion was crucial’ (p. vi). Building on the work of earlier scholars, notably Seymour Drescher, Hugh Honour and Clare Midgley, Oldfield has demonstrated the ways in which the abolition movement turned to mobilizing public opinion after 1787 against the slave trade. At the centre of his investigation are the petition campaigns of 1788 and 1792. In analysing anti-slavery sentiment he successfully brings together approaches which focus on the eighteenth century as a period of expansion in commercial society and popular forms of politics with the agenda of historians of the slave trade and slavery. The abolition movement, he argues, provided the prototype for modern reforming organizations. It was peopled by practical middle-class men who understood the importance of the expansion of the market and consumer choice. It succeeded in capturing the imagination of those, predominantly middle-class men and women, who were increasingly interested in engaging in forms of public debate and who had the resources, both in terms of time and money, to do so. His book, he argues, is a piece of ‘thick description’ which offers ‘fresh insights into the increasingly powerful role of the middle classes in influencing Parliamentary politics from outside the confines of Westminster

Towards Female Empowerment. The New Generation of Irish Women Poets: Vona Groarke, Sinéad Morrissey, Caitríona O’Reilly and Mary O’Donoghue

The monographic study “Towards Female Empowerment − The New Generation of Irish Women Poets: Vona Groarke, Sinéad Morrissey, Caítriona O’Reilly, and Mary O’Donoghue” analyses in depth the poetry written by four most significant Irish authors born in the 1970s. Together with insightful interpretations of the explored poetry, it offers a new reading of philosophy, social and cultural studies, and psychology connected with the subject matter of women’s empowerment. The book constitutes a thought-provoking debate on the up-to-date issues that need to be critically re-examined and re-thought these days. It is an inspiring reading for people interested not only in Irish poetry but in modern literature in general.I have dedicated this monograph to my Mother whose unremitting and unfailing support “empowered” me to work on this book. Many thanks to my fiancé for not losing faith in me and for his patience. Over the years, while conducting my research on contemporary Irish women’s poets, I have encountered many inspiring and helpful people to whom I am sincerely indebted for their advice, wisdom and encouragement. With regard to this book, my special thanks are directed to Michaela Schrage-Früh, her husband David and Frederic for their hospitality and kindness. I would like to thank Przemysław Ostalski for his help with typesetting of the book, and Richard O’Callaghan Ph.D. for proofreading of the earlier versions of the text. Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to Professor Jerzy Jarniewicz for inspiring me to read poetry

Deep-sea coral distribution on seamounts, oceanic islands, and continental slopes in the Northeast Atlantic

A database of deep-water (\u3e 200 m) antipatharians, scleractinians, and gorgonians has been assembled for the NE Atlantic to determine what their distribution and diversity was before coral habitats became heavily impacted by bottom fishing gear. Benthic sampling expeditions from 1868–1985 have provided 2547 records showing the deepwater distribution of 22 species of antipatharians, 68 species of scleractinians, and 83 species of gorgonians with the majority of records found from seamounts, oceanic islands, and the continental slope of the warm temperate region. Too little is known about the coral biota of boreal and tropical seamounts to assess their levels of endemism, but on seamounts in the warm temperate region of the NE Atlantic the level endemism in antipatharian, scleractinian and gorgonian corals is low (\u3c 3%). Many of the species found on seamounts are characteristic of oceanic islands in this region and the oceanic islands have a significantly different coral fauna to that recorded at the same depths on the continental slope. Given the key role that corals can play in structuring deep-sea habitats it is hoped that our database will help inform the development of a network of marine protected areas to provide long-term protection for the differing communities found on continental slopes and isolated offshore habitats