Strategies to institutionalize companion modelling approaches

Participative approaches are often viewed as an interesting way to promote the links between local and regional levels necessary to policy decentralization. Among those, the companion modelling (ComMod) approach aims at developing collective learning and at supporting decision making process by eliciting the different perceptions of a complex situation and by collectively exploring possible futures. This participative modelling and simulation approach has historically been developed and experimented at local level. But as many participative approaches, it has rapidly been confronted with the questions raised by the necessary inclusion of larger scale of decision. For instance, to which extend is it possible to transfer the collective knowledge developed to non-participants, or how to associate different types of stakeholders such as regulators? This institutionalisation of the approach implies up-scaling processes (transfer of the approach to higher decision levels), as well as out-scaling processes (dissemination of the approach and outputs to actors of the same level than the participants). When considering the link between human and environment processes, it is now widely acknowledged that scales are social and political construct and that the organisation in level of the society is subjective. Furthermore, the perception of the dimensions to be accounted for varies from one actor to the other. Thus, according to the participation strategy, the issue definition, the representation process, the tools legitimacy and the mode of integration and comprehension of knowledge may differ. This paper presents and discusses methodological strategies that have been tested in 14 experiences to institutionalise the ComMod approach. Participation, representation development and implementation methods, such as: participation of external actors at various moments of the approach, specific communication methods, development of generic tools and representations, training and formation are being reviewed. The analysis of the cases study points out two main concerns in participative modelling institutionalization. First, one need to clarify what is to be institutionalized; It may refer to the transfer of a tool or of the approach in order to replicate it, to the appropriation of issue and its complex questioning, or to the integration of the outcomes into the organizations. Second, the approach participates to the power plays around scale issues among institutions. The issues, the outcomes, and the approach are scale dependent, and they all relate to the choices made in term of participation and/or representation. The integration of new actors in ComMod process may imply the collective redefinition of the issues and the development of new tools. Moreover, the scale choices of the representation may exclude some actors. The process outcomes are particularly difficult to transfer. Indeed, they relate to socio-political changes embedded in the social context and/or ephemeral collective learning. Efficient strategy to achieve the dissemination of these outcomes remains a research question. At last, the transfer of the approach itself is associated with high risks of normative and prescriptive drifts. It therefore calls for careful designed training processes. (Résumé d'auteur

A proposal to institutionalize a legislative drafting programme jointly managed by University of Wtswatersrand Schools of Law and Public and Development Management

Documents describing the efforts to start a Legislative Drafting program at the University of Witwatersrand. The proposal is titled: A Proposal To Institutionalize A Legislative Drafting Programme Jointly Managed By University Of Witswatersrand Schools Of Law And Public And Development Management

Where do we go from here: Draft program for 1997: to institutionalize legislative drafting procedures and capacity-building to strengthen Lao PDR's national legal framework

This is an outline for Lao PDR's draft program for 1997, which was aimed at building a national legal framework for Lao PDR and strengthening Lao drafters' and lawmakers' legislative drafting

Draft proposals for strengthening legislative drafting capacity in Indonesia

A document that states that tentative "proposals for strengthening legislative drafting in Indonesia fall into five main categories.

Energy for sustainable rural development

Rural energy in developing countries is discussed with a view to sustainable development. The project-oriented approach in rural energy which has often dominated in the past, is contrasted with an overall strategy for sustainable rural energy demand and supply. An outline for a demand-oriented policy is formulated, indicating the role of the government in energy pricing and market development. Special attention is given to electricity as the fastest-growing energy subsector. It is concluded that major changes are required to accommodate and institutionalize the planning of decentralized energy supply

Reducing Youth Not in Employment, Education, or Training through JobStart Philippines

Key Points One in four young Filipinos are not in employment, education, or training. One in two young women with high school education or less are not in employment, education, or training. Creating wage jobs for the youth is critical to help reduce poverty and income inequality in the Philippines. Active labor market programs encourage employment creation and employability of workers, increase their earning capacity, and enhance integration into the productive workforce. In 2011, the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) of the Philippines collaborated with the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to design and develop JobStart Philippines, a pilot project assisting at-risk youth to become job-ready. JobStart Philippines is an employer-led program and offers at-risk youth life skills training, one-on-one career coaching, and opportunities for technical training and internships with private sector employers. Upon successful completion of the pilot, DOLE converted JobStart Philippines into a regular program and Congress enacted the Act to Institutionalize JobStart Philippines Program in 2016, which guarantees program sustainability

The State of American Indian & Alaska Native Education in California, Executive Summary 2014

The findings from the CICSC'S 2012 State of AI/AN Education in California Report confirmed the need for greater efforts to prepare, to recruit, to retain, and to graduate Native youth from institutions of higher education. In particular, the realization that AI/AN enrollment rates are declining across the CSUs was alarming. These results provided the basis to delve deeper into the program, outreach, and support at postsecondary institutions in the 2014 report to determine where enrollment and transfer numbers are decreasing or increasing; to determine what the best practices at state colleges and universities to attract, retain, and graduate AI/ANs are; and correspondingly to determine where we, as educators of AI/AN students in the state of California, need to improve

A National Veterans Strategy: The Economic, Social and Security Imperative

This publication details the foundational logic supporting a call to action, related to a broad-based effort to articulate and institutionalize a National Veterans Strategy. We argue that coordinated, "whole-of-government" action toward this end is essential to meet the nation's most important economic, social, and security obligations. Furthermore, we contend that the second Obama administration, working in close collaboration with executive agencies, Congress, and the private sector, is well-positioned to act on what we perceive to be a historic opportunity -- capitalizing on both the foundations of veteran-focused policy and progress enacted over the past decade and the overwhelming public support for returning veterans and military families -- to craft and institutionalize a National Veterans Strategy.Our purpose is to provide a researched and logically-developed case for action that is grounded in this nation's social and cultural traditions and attuned to the practical realities of our contemporary economic and political climate

Caregiver Employment Status and Time to Institutionalization of Persons with Dementia

Background - This study was undertaken to examine the association between caregiver employment status and the time to institutionalization of persons with dementia. No study has previously examined this association. Methods - The database of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging was used to obtain data on 326 caregiver/care-recipient dyads. Caregivers were primary, informal carers; care-recipients were diagnosed with dementia and living in the community at baseline. Care-recipients were followed from the date of their baseline screening interview until the date of institutionalization, the date of death before institutionalization, or the date of the 5-year follow-up interview. An accelerated failure time model with a Weibull distribution was used to conduct the survival analysis. Results - During the 5-year follow-up period, 139 care-recipients (45%) were institutionalized; the median time to institutionalization was 1,821 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1,539-1,981 days) for the care-recipients of employed caregivers and 1,542 days (95% CI: 1,284-1,653 days) for the care-recipients of unemployed caregivers (p = 0.0634). The adjusted acceleration factor was 1.85 (95% CI: 1.08-3.86), controlling for caregiver thoughts about institutionalizing the care-recipient, caregiver health, and the use of a day center to help provide care. Conclusions - For the care-recipients of employed caregivers, the adjusted time to institutionalization was longer than for the care- recipients of unemployed caregivers.dementia, caregiver, employment, time to institutionalization