The Multi-center Evaluation of the Accuracy of the Contrast MEdium INduced Pd/Pa RaTiO in Predicting FFR (MEMENTO-FFR) Study.

AIMS: Adenosine administration is needed for the achievement of maximal hyperaemia fractional flow reserve (FFR) assessment. The objective was to test the accuracy of Pd/Pa ratio registered during submaximal hyperaemia induced by non-ionic contrast medium (contrast FFR [cFFR]) in predicting FFR and comparing it to the performance of resting Pd/Pa in a collaborative registry of 926 patients enrolled in 10 hospitals from four European countries (Italy, Spain, France and Portugal). METHODS AND RESULTS: Resting Pd/Pa, cFFR and FFR were measured in 1,026 coronary stenoses functionally evaluated using commercially available pressure wires. cFFR was obtained after intracoronary injection of contrast medium, while FFR was measured after administration of adenosine. Resting Pd/Pa and cFFR were significantly higher than FFR (0.93±0.05 vs. 0.87±0.08 vs. 0.84±0.08, p<0.001). A strong correlation and a close agreement at Bland-Altman analysis between cFFR and FFR were observed (r=0.90, p<0.001 and 95% CI of disagreement: from -0.042 to 0.11). ROC curve analysis showed an excellent accuracy (89%) of the cFFR cut-off of ≤0.85 in predicting an FFR value ≤0.80 (AUC 0.95 [95% CI: 0.94-0.96]), significantly better than that observed using resting Pd/Pa (AUC: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.88-0.91; p<0.001). A cFFR/FFR hybrid approach showed a significantly lower number of lesions requiring adenosine than a resting Pd/Pa/FFR hybrid approach (22% vs. 44%, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: cFFR is accurate in predicting the functional significance of coronary stenosis. This could allow limiting the use of adenosine to obtain FFR to a minority of stenoses with considerable savings of time and costs.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Validation of a multi-residue method to determine deltamethrin and alpha-cypermethrin in mosquito nets by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-µECD)

Background: Nowadays long-lasting insecticidal mosquito nets (LNs) are frequently used around the world to protect people against malaria vectors. As they contain insecticide, laboratory control is needed to check whether the content of the active ingredient follows the conditions of the manufacturer and also if the active ingredient is still present after some time of use. For this purpose, an analytical method had to be developed. The fact that LNs include a range of polymers for the yarn and use coated or incorporated technologies for the active ingredient, it is a challenge to find only one analytical method determining the active ingredient in LNs, which takes into account both impregnation technologies. Some methods are provided by international organizations but are limited by the determination of only one pesticide per method. The aim of this study was to optimize a short time extraction method for deltamethrin and alpha-cypermethrin from coated and incorporated mosquito nets and also to detect both insecticides in one analytical run, using gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-mu ECD). Methods: Based on the literature, the most suitable solvent and the adequate extraction process for the insecticides used for net making were identified and adapted for the new multi-residue method. Results: The validation data of the multi-residue method to determine deltamethrin and alpha-cypermethrin in mosquito nets by GC-mu ECD are given. Depending on the concentration of the active ingredient spiked on the nets, the mean recovery for alpha-cypermethrin ranged between 86% and 107% with a relative standard deviation below 3.5%. For deltamethrin it ranged between 90% and 108% with a relative standard deviation also below 3.5%. The limit of detection is 0.009 g.a.i/kg of net (0.3 mg a.i./m(2) of net) both for alpha-cypermethrin and deltamethrin. Conclusions: Data obtained are excellent. A 30 minutes reflux extraction method with xylene was developed to determine alpha-cypermethrin and deltamethrin in long-lasting insecticidal mosquito nets (LNs) by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-mu ECD). The method can be easily extended to others pyrethroid used for mosquito net treatment. This paper also presents an overview of the studies dealing with pesticide determination in mosquito nets

MFGE8 does not influence chorio-retinal homeostasis or choroidal neovascularization in vivo

Purpose: Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor VIII (MFGE8) is necessary for diurnal outer segment phagocytosis and promotes VEGF-dependent neovascularization. The prevalence of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in MFGE8 was studied in two exsudative or “wet” Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) groups and two corresponding control groups. We studied the effect of MFGE8 deficiency on retinal homeostasis with age and on choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in mice. Methods: The distribution of the SNP (rs4945 and rs1878326) of MFGE8 was analyzed in two groups of patients with “wet” AMD and their age-matched controls from Germany and France. MFGE8-expressing cells were identified in Mfge8+/− mice expressing ß-galactosidase. Aged Mfge8+/− and Mfge8−/− mice were studied by funduscopy, histology, electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts of the choroid, and after laser-induced CNV. Results: rs1878326 was associated with AMD in the French and German group. The Mfge8 promoter is highly active in photoreceptors but not in retinal pigment epithelium cells. Mfge8−/− mice did not differ from controls in terms of fundus appearance, photoreceptor cell layers, choroidal architecture or laser-induced CNV. In contrast, the Bruch's membrane (BM) was slightly but significantly thicker in Mfge8−/− mice as compared to controls. Conclusions: Despite a reproducible minor increase of rs1878326 in AMD patients and a very modest increase in BM in Mfge8−/− mice, our data suggests that MFGE8 dysfunction does not play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AMD

Staining and peeling of the internal limiting membrane using a fluorescent dye (Rhodamine 6 G)

Aim: To assess whether low concentrations of a fluorescent dye such as Rhodamine 6G would help the unaided human eye visualise the vitreous and the internal limiting membrane (ILM) under standard halogen illumination.Material/methods: The UV/Vis absorption (E) and fluorescence (I) spectra of Rhodamine 6G in water were measured and compared with Indocyanine Green (ICG). Surgery was performed in two rhesus monkeys and consisted of standard pars plana vitrectomy with halogen light source used for illumination. Rhodamine 6G was diluted in balanced salt solution (BSS). A few drops of the dye in a concentration of 0.1% (307 mOsm) were applied over the posterior pole in the air-filled globe and washed out by irrigation after 1 min. Immediately after surgery, the globes were enucleated, fixated and prepared for histological evaluation.Results: In contrast to ICG, both the maximum of the absorption and emission of Rhodamin 6G are very much within the spectral sensitivity of the human eye. The Rhodamine 6G--BSS itself appears red in colour. Using a dye concentration of 0.1%, there was no visible red-staining of the ILM as such. As the dye was irrigated out with BSS, a marked green fluorescence of the fluid within the vitreous cavity was noted. With halogen illumination through a standard 20-gauge light pipe, the dye provided a sufficient green fluorescence to identify and safely remove the ILM and to clearly differentiate areas of peeled from non-peeled ILM. During light microscopy, eyes revealed a peeled ILM demarcation with no signs of acute retinal toxicity.Conclusion: The findings indicate that a fluorescent dye can be used for ILM peeling. Assuming that the fluorophore provides a high enough fluorescence quantum yield after adsorption to the ILM, much lower dye concentrations could be used compared with absorbent dyes, thereby minimising toxic effects

Contribution à la réflexion sur l'apport de mesures de traitement et de réduction des risques en complément au dispositif actuel: programme de prescription d'héroïne, local d'injection

Par rapport aux autres cantons de Suisse ayant des grandes villes, le canton de Vaud présente notamment la particularité de ne posséder ni programme de prescription d'héroïne, ni local d'injection. Dans les villes de taille comparable à Lausanne, ces deux mesures existent le plus souvent en parallèle, et ce depuis une dizaine d'années pour les programmes de prescription d'héroïne et parfois davantage pour les locaux d'injection. Actuellement, il existe en Suisse 23 centres de prescription d'héroïne (dont deux en prison) qui comptaient 1273 personnes en traitement en décembre 2004 (pour 1389 places de traitement disponibles) et 11 locaux d'injection répartis dans 7 villes, la plupart comprenant aussi un local d'inhalation. Ce rapport, qui se veut une aide à la décision, explore donc ces deux mesures qui n'ont pas été mises en place dans le canton de Vaud. Il présente d'abord un rappel du contexte dans lequel s'inscrit le mandat du Conseil d'Etat ainsi que les méthodes utilisées pour cette étude. Le second chapitre présente une synthèse des données récoltées pour chacune des deux mesures et les conclusions qui s'y rapportent. Les chapitres trois (prescription d'héroïne) et quatre (structures avec local de consommation) exposent en détail les éléments utilisés pour la synthèse. [P. 4]]]> Methadone ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous ; Substance Abuse Treatment Centers ; Switzerland ; Vaud fre https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_9B6327AC5C05.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_9B6327AC5C050 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_9B6327AC5C050 info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_9B63531CBE55 2022-05-07T01:23:37Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_9B63531CBE55 Syndrome de fatigue chronique [Chronic fatigue syndrome]. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/26742354 Gonthier, A. Favrat, B. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2015 Revue Médicale Suisse, vol. 11, no. 496, pp. 2236, 2238-2236, 2242 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1660-9379 urn:issn:1660-9379 <![CDATA[Le syndrome de fatigue chronique (SFC) est une pathologie invalidante, moins rare qu'on ne le pense (prévalence de l'ordre de 0,3-0,9 %), qui associe un épuisement physique persistant et inexpliqué à des douleurs diffuses, des troubles du sommeil, des troubles neurocognitifs et neurovégétatifs. Sa physiopathologie est controversée, mais les pistes de recherche actuelles convergent vers une atteinte dysimmunitaire, dans laquelle le stress oxydatif et un dysfonctionnement des mitochondries semblent jouer un rôle. Il n'existe pas de médication ayant démontré une efficacité spécifique pour le traitement du SFC. La prise en charge consiste à limiter les investigations superflues et à encourager le patient vers un reconditionnement à l'effort très progressif, dans le cadre d'un counselling empathique visant à prévenir les pensées négatives. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating disorder, characterized by a severe, persistant and unexplained fatigue, which can be associated with diffuse pain, sleep difficulties, neurocognitive and neurovegetative troubles. Its prevalence has been estimated between 0.3 and 0.9%. Though its physiopathology remains controversial, evidence is growing that dysimmunity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in its pathogeny. No medication has demonstrated specifc efficacy in the CFS. The management of CFS involves limiting unnecessary investigations, promoting graded exercice therapy, and providing empathic counselling in order to prevent negative thoughts

Effect of fixed-dose subcutaneous reslizumab on asthma exacerbations in patients with severe uncontrolled asthma and corticosteroid sparing in patients with oral corticosteroid-dependent asthma : results from two phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials

BACKGROUND: Reslizumab 3 mg/kg administered intravenously is approved for the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma. We assessed the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous reslizumab 110 mg in two trials in patients with uncontrolled severe asthma and increased blood eosinophils. The aim was to establish whether subcutaneous reslizumab 110 mg can reduce exacerbation rates in these patients (study 1) or reduce maintenance oral corticosteroid dose in patients with corticosteroid-dependent asthma (study 2). METHODS: Both studies were randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies. Entry criteria for study 1 were uncontrolled severe asthma, two or more asthma exacerbations in the previous year, a blood eosinophil count of 300 cells per μL or more (including no more than 30% patients with an eosinophil count <400 cells/μL), and at least a medium dose of inhaled corticosteroids with one or more additional asthma controllers. Patients in study 2 had severe asthma, a blood eosinophil count of 300 cells per μL or more, daily maintenance oral corticosteroid (prednisone 5-40 mg, or equivalent), and high-dose inhaled corticosteroids plus another controller. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to subcutaneous reslizumab (110 mg) or placebo once every 4 weeks for 52 weeks in study 1 and 24 weeks in study 2. Patients and investigators were masked to treatment assignment. Primary efficacy outcomes were frequency of exacerbations during 52 weeks in study 1 and categorised percentage reduction in daily oral corticosteroid dose from baseline to weeks 20-24 in study 2. Primary efficacy analyses were by intention to treat, and safety analyses included all patients who received at least one dose of study treatment. These studies are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02452190 (study 1) and NCT02501629 (study 2). FINDINGS: Between Aug 12, 2015, and Jan 31, 2018, 468 patients in study 1 were randomly assigned to placebo (n=232) or subcutaneous reslizumab (n=236), and 177 in study 2 to placebo (n=89) or subcutaneous reslizumab (n=88). In study 1, we found no significant difference in the exacerbation rate between reslizumab and placebo in the intention-to-treat population (rate ratio 0·79, 95% CI 0·56-1·12; p=0·19). Subcutaneous reslizumab reduced exacerbation frequency compared with placebo in the subgroup of patients with blood eosinophil counts of 400 cells per μL or more (0·64, 95% CI 0·43-0·95). Greater reductions in annual exacerbation risk (p=0·0035) and longer time to first exacerbation were observed for patients with higher trough serum reslizumab concentrations. In study 2, we found no difference between placebo and fixed-dose subcutaneous reslizumab in categorised percentage reduction in daily oral corticosteroid dose (odds ratio for a lower category of oral corticosteroid use in the reslizumab group vs the placebo group, 1·23, 95% CI 0·70-2·16; p=0·47). The frequency of adverse events and serious adverse events with reslizumab were similar to those with placebo in both studies. INTERPRETATION: Fixed-dose (110 mg) subcutaneous reslizumab was not effective in reducing exacerbation frequency in patients with uncontrolled asthma and increased blood eosinophils (≥300 cells/μL), or in reducing the daily maintenance oral corticosteroid dose in patients with oral corticosteroid-dependent severe eosinophilic asthma. Higher exposures than those observed with 110 mg subcutaneous reslizumab are required to achieve maximal efficacy. FUNDING: Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D

Toxicomanie dans le canton de Vaud: période d'évaluation 2002-2004. Cahier 1

Le présent rapport, qui porte sur la période 2002-2004, comporte deux cahiers distincts. Le premier reprend les synthèses du suivi des divers types de structures. Il présente l'évolution des principales composantes épidémiologiques de la toxicomanie, ainsi que les résultats de deux études spécifiques menées en 2003 et 2004 : une enquête sur le rôle des pharmacies dans la réduction des risques et dans la prise en charge des personnes toxicodépendantes et une étude sur la consommation de drogues de synthèse et de cocaïne en milieu festif. [P. 5]]]> Substance-Related Disorders ; Substance Abuse Treatment Centers ; Prisons ; Syringes ; Evaluation Studies ; Switzerland ; Vaud fre https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_6A4ADD73EF29.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_6A4ADD73EF297 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_6A4ADD73EF297 info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_6A3D70FC3C8D 2022-05-07T01:19:46Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_6A3D70FC3C8D Svizzera italiana. Per la storia linguistica di un'espressione geografica urn:isbn:978-884675686-2 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/isbn/978-884675686-2 Morinini, Ariele (ed.) Tomasin, Lorenzo (ed.) info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject proceedings 2019-12-20 Storia della lingua, Svizzera italiana ita oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_6A3DAAB7EC60 2022-05-07T01:19:46Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_6A3DAAB7EC60 Species- and nestmate brood discrimination in the sibling wood ant species Formica paralugubris and Formica lugubris Maeder, A. Freitag, A. Cherix, D. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2005 Annales Zoologici Fennici, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 201-212 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0003-455X <![CDATA[Formica lugubris and E paralugubris are sympatric sibling species of wood ants, both of which are widely distributed in Switzerland. Until 1996 they were considered the same species, E lugubris. To investigate whether the two species can be distinguished based on discrimination cues used by the workers we used the pupa-carrying test first introduced by Rainer Rosengren. In this test workers of discriminator colonies are faced with two kinds of pupae and their preferences for one of the types are recorded based on differential retrieval. Interspecific comparisons showed that ants preferred conspecific worker pupae to those of the sibling species regardless whether the pupae were con-colonial or hetero-colonial. Hence, this test can be used as a taxonomic tool to identify wood ants hardly distinguishable by morphological characters. In intraspecific comparisons the highly polygynous (many queens per colony) E paralugubris, the polygynous form of E lugubris and the monogynous (single queen per nest) to weakly polygynous form of E lugubris expressed different trends in their preference behaviour (with nestmate recognition in 14%, 20% and 31% of replicates, respectively). Only F paralugubris presented no significant nestmate recognition

Problèmes éthiques liés à des pratiques d’échange de seringues et d’accès à la méthadone

Cet article traite, à l’aide de la petite éthique de Paul Ricoeur, des problèmes éthiques rencontrés dans la pratique de 26 intervenants montréalais oeuvrant auprès de personnes toxicomanes dans des programmes d’échange de seringues et de distribution de méthadone. Ces intervenants rencontrent des difficultés au quotidien, certaines de nature éthique. Les problèmes éthiques ont été classés en deux catégories, dégagées selon les niveaux de relation de la petite éthique de Ricoeur. Premièrement, les problèmes liés aux contextes politique, légal et organisationnel, notamment, la judiciarisation des personnes toxicomanes, le décalage entre la gestion technocratique et les réalités du terrain et les incohérences dans les pratiques et les services. Deuxièmement, les problèmes liés à la pratique sur le plan relationnel dont l’accès aux services pour certaines personnes (mineurs, femmes enceintes, personnes violentes), les relations de proximité avec les aidés, la confidentialité, les relations de pouvoir et la moralisation. Cette étude montre la complexité inhérente des problèmes et la nécessité de les aborder dans un système éthique intégrant toutes les dimensions de l’intervention en réduction des méfaits.Workers who work with drug addicts in needle-exchange and methadone-provision programs encounter ethical challenges every day. This article presents the results of a qualitative analysis of the ethical problems encountered by 26 Montreal workers in their daily practice. The data was analysed using an ethical framework inspired by Paul Ricoeur’s ethical approach. Problems were classified in two categories. First, those linked to the political, legal, or organizational context, notably, the prosecution of drug addicts, the discrepancy between technocratic management and ground-level realities, and inconsistencies in practices and services. Second, the problems mentioned involve the relationships that develop during these programs related to access for certain people (e.g. minors, pregnant women, violent individuals) to services, outreach workers’ relationships with the people being helped, confidentiality, power relationships, and moralizing. This study shows the complexities inherent in these problems and the necessity of analysing them in an ethical system that integrates all dimensions of harm reduction intervention.Este artículo, con la ayuda de la pequeña ética de Paul Ricoeur, se refiere a los problemas éticos encontrados en la práctica de 26 personas de apoyo de Montreal, que trabajan con los toxicómanos en los programas de intercambio de jeringas y de distribución de metadona. Estas personas encuentran dificultades en la actividad cotidiana, en algunos casos de naturaleza ética. Los problemas éticos se clasifican en dos categorías, definidas según los niveles de relación de la pequeña ética de Ricoeur. En primer lugar, los problemas relacionados con el contexto político, legal y organizativo, en particular la judicialización de los toxicómanos, la separación entre la gestión tecnocrática y las realidades del terreno y las incoherencias en las prácticas y los servicios. En segundo lugar, los problemas relacionados con la práctica en el plano de relación, entre ellos el acceso a los servicios para ciertas personas (menores, mujeres embarazadas, personas violentas), las relaciones de proximidad con las personas a las que se ayuda, la confidencialidad, las relaciones de poder y la moralización. Este estudio demuestra la complejidad inherente de los problemas y la necesidad de abordarlos en un sistema ético que integre todas las dimensiones de la intervención para la reducción de los delitos

Injecting equipment schemes for injecting drug users : qualitative evidence review

This review of the qualitative literature about needle and syringe programmes (NSPs) for injecting drug users (IDUs) complements the review of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. It aims to provide a more situated narrative perspective on the overall guidance questions

Efficacy and safety of ixekizumab through 52 weeks in two phase 3, randomised, controlled clinical trials in patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (COAST-V and COAST-W).

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the efficacy and safety of ixekizumab for up to 52 weeks in two phase 3 studies of patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) who were biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD)-naive (COAST-V) or tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi)-experienced (COAST-W). METHODS: Adults with active r-axSpA were randomised 1:1:1:1 (n=341) to 80 mg ixekizumab every 2 (IXE Q2W) or 4 weeks (IXE Q4W), placebo (PBO) or 40 mg adalimumab Q2W (ADA) in COAST-V and 1:1:1 (n=316) to IXE Q2W, IXE Q4W or PBO in COAST-W. At week 16, patients receiving ixekizumab continued their assigned treatment; patients receiving PBO or ADA were rerandomised 1:1 to IXE Q2W or IXE Q4W (PBO/IXE, ADA/IXE) through week 52. RESULTS: In COAST-V, Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society 40 (ASAS40) responses rates (intent-to-treat population, non-responder imputation) at weeks 16 and 52 were 48% and 53% (IXE Q4W); 52% and 51% (IXE Q2W); 36% and 51% (ADA/IXE); 19% and 47% (PBO/IXE). Corresponding ASAS40 response rates in COAST-W were 25% and 34% (IXE Q4W); 31% and 31% (IXE Q2W); 14% and 39% (PBO/IXE). Both ixekizumab regimens sustained improvements in disease activity, physical function, objective markers of inflammation, QoL, health status and overall function up to 52 weeks. Safety through 52 weeks of ixekizumab was consistent with safety through 16 weeks. CONCLUSION: The significant efficacy demonstrated with ixekizumab at week 16 was sustained for up to 52 weeks in bDMARD-naive and TNFi-experienced patients. bDMARD-naive patients initially treated with ADA demonstrated further numerical improvements after switching to ixekizumab. Safety findings were consistent with the known safety profile of ixekizumab. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02696785/NCT02696798