Delineation of Flood Hazard Zones by Using a Multi Criteria Evaluation Approach in Padang West Sumatera Indonesia

In Indonesia flood disasters constitute natural disasters that often occur and have resulted in substantial losses to human life. Mitigation is the important measure to determine hazard flood zones. To determine the weight and rate, the Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP), Geographical Information System (GIS) are used for overlay analysis. Upon assessment by experts, the research findings reveal that elevation is the highest weight, that is 24%; flood frequency is the lowest weight, that is 7,4%. Further, the analysis result on the flood hazard level in the research area, based on the hazard level class, reveals as follows: a) an area of 8,351.6 ha (12%) includes the high hazard zone; b) an area of 11,378.7 ha (16%) is the moderate hazard zone; and c) an area of 49,738.8 ha (72%) is the low hazard zone. Key words: delineation, harzad flood area, mitigation

Extracting Geospatial Information from Social Media Data for Hazard Mitigation, Typhoon Hato as Case Study (Short Paper)

With social media widely used for interpersonal communication, it has served as one important channel for information creation and propagation especially during hazard events. Users of social media in hazard-affected area can capture and upload hazard information more timely by portable and internet-connected electric devices such as smart phones or tablet computers equipped with (Global Positioning System) GPS devices and cameras. The information from social media(e.g. Twitter, facebook, sina-weibo, WebChat, etc.) contains a lot of hazard related information including texts, pictures, and videos. Most important thing is that a fair proportion of these crowd-sourcing information is valuable for the geospatial analysis in Geographic information system (GIS) during the hazard mitigation process. The geospatial information (position of observer, hazard-affected region, status of damages, etc) can be acquired and extracted from social media data. And hazard related information could also be used as the GIS attributes. But social media data obtained from crowd-sourcing is quite complex and fragmented on format or semantics. In this paper, we introduced the method how to acquire and extract fine-grained hazard damage geospatial information. According to the need of hazard relief, we classified the extracted information into eleven hazard loss categories and we also analyzed the public\u27s sentiment to the hazard. The 2017 typhoon "Hato" was selected as the case study to test the method introduced

Study of Accuracy in Landslide Mapping Assessment Using GIS and AHP, A Case Study of Semarang Regency

Semarang Regency is a region that is very vulnerable to landslides based on the spread of the wider area each year to the occurrence of landslides. The need for a proper assessment of the mapping of landslide hazard so that it can be used as decision making in the mitigation system in Semarang Regency. Geographical Information System (GIS) is the right method of mapping disaster-prone areas for a wide area with a relatively short time. This method is carried out as an effort to analyze risk and hazard mapping through the dissemination of hazard information so that it will accelerate the process of delivering information to the public and can improve preparedness in taking actions to reduce disaster risk. Then, various methods that can be used to obtain weighting and classification, one of which is to make a decision-making method using the Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method. One of the MCDM methods that can integrate with SIG is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). this research it can be concluded that the use of the AHP method to the GIS analysis of landslide mapping provides good accuracy with a value of 70.97% of the 31 validation points suitability. The results of this landslide map can be used as a basis for planning landslide disaster mitigation in Semarang Regency

Analisis Bahaya Longsor di Kecamatan Padalarang Kabupaten Bandung Barat Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis: Geographic Information System Based Analysis of Landslide Hazards in Padalarang Sub-district, West Bandung Regency

Indonesia is characterized by a diverse topography and low to very high rainfall intensity.  In addition, the population density in fertile Indonesian hilly areas is also increasing.  These conditions translate to high potential for landslide hazard in Indonesia with threats of loss ranging from economic, social, to fatalities.  One of the areas with a high level of landslide hazard is Padalarang Subdistrict, West Bandung Regency, West Java Province.  The purpose of this research is to identify the landslide hazard in Padalarang Subdistrict, West Bandung Regency.  Geographic Information System Analysis was used in this study by using an overlay technique presented on the map.  The analytical method used was a survey-exploratory analysis with descriptive analysis techniques.  The results showed that the landslide hazard in Padalarang Subdistrict could be divided into three categories; having landslide hazard in the north, having landslide potential in the north to the west and southeast, and having no landslide hazard in the central to southern parts which are alluvial plains.  Analysis of the landslide hazard in Padalarang Subdistrict provided a spatial picture so that it could be potentially employed to be part of disaster mitigation to minimize material and non-material losses

Multi-hazard risk assessment using GIS in urban areas: a case study for the city of Turrialba, Costa Rica

In the framework of the UNESCO sponsored project on “Capacity Building for Natural Disaster Reduction” a case study was carried out on multi-hazard risk assessment of the city of Turrialba, located in the central part of Costa Rica. The city with a population of 33,000 people is located in an area, which is regularly affected by flooding, landslides and earthquakes. In order to assist the local emergency commission and the municipality, a pilot study was carried out in the development of a GIS –based system for risk assessment and management. The work was made using an orthophoto as basis, on which all buildings, land parcels and roads, within the city and its direct surroundings were digitized, resulting in a digital parcel map, for which a number of hazard and vulnerability attributes were collected in the field. Based on historical information a GIS database was generated, which was used to generate flood depth maps for different return periods. For determining the seismic hazard a modified version of the Radius approach was used and the landslide hazard was determined based on the historical landslide inventory and a number of factor maps, using a statistical approach. The cadastral database of the city was used, in combination with the various hazard maps for different return periods to generate vulnerability maps for the city. In order to determine cost of the elements at risk, differentiation was made between the costs of the constructions and the costs of the contents of the buildings. The cost maps were combined with the vulnerability maps and the hazard maps per hazard type for the different return periods, in order to obtain graphs of probability versus potential damage. The resulting database can be a tool for local authorities to determine the effect of certain mitigation measures, for which a cost-benefit analysis can be carried out. The database also serves as an important tool in the disaster preparedness phase of disaster management at the municipal level

How explicit are the barriers to failure in safety arguments?

Safety cases embody arguments that demonstrate how safety properties of a system are upheld. Such cases implicitly document the barriers that must exist between hazards and vulnerable components of a system. For safety certification, it is the analysis of these barriers that provide confidence in the safety of the system. The explicit representation of hazard barriers can provide additional insight for the design and evaluation of system safety. They can be identified in a hazard analysis to allow analysts to reflect on particular design choices. Barrier existence in a live system can be mapped to abstract barrier representations to provide both verification of barrier existence and a basis for quantitative measures between the predicted barrier behaviour and performance of the actual barrier. This paper explores the first stage of this process, the binding between explicit mitigation arguments in hazard analysis and the barrier concept. Examples from the domains of computer-assisted detection in mammography and free route airspace feasibility are examined and the implications for system certification are considered

Supporting the automated generation of modular product line safety cases

Abstract The effective reuse of design assets in safety-critical Software Product Lines (SPL) would require the reuse of safety analyses of those assets in the variant contexts of certification of products derived from the SPL. This in turn requires the traceability of SPL variation across design, including variation in safety analysis and safety cases. In this paper, we propose a method and tool to support the automatic generation of modular SPL safety case architectures from the information provided by SPL feature modeling and model-based safety analysis. The Goal Structuring Notation (GSN) safety case modeling notation and its modular extensions supported by the D-Case Editor were used to implement the method in an automated tool support. The tool was used to generate a modular safety case for an automotive Hybrid Braking System SPL

Coastal community hazard mitigation and community rating system of NFIP

Storm force flooding continues to be a major concern in the hurricane season and causes considerable loss to the coastal communities. National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) provides recovery resources for the flood disaster and dissuades uneconomic uses from locating in flood hazard area. In order to motivate flood insurance purchase and promote increased flood hazard mitigation, the Community Rating System (CRS) that is a part of NFIP, credits 18 community floodplain management activities. However, CRS has been marked by a lack of active participation since its inception limiting its potential effectiveness. As of January 2008, 1080 communities, representing only 5% of all the NFIP communities have enrolled in CRS. Little empirical evidence exists to shed light on what factors influence the establishment of local hazard mitigation projects. To fill this gap, we propose to analyze flood hazard mitigation projects in 37 North Carolina coastal counties between 2002 and 2008. Specifically, we will examine the influence of physical, risk, and socioeconomic factors on coastal community hazard mitigation decisions as reflected in the CRS score. Ultimately, our project will forge a better understanding of community decision making, as related to natural hazards. (PDF contains 4 pages

Spatial modelling of adaptation strategies for urban built infrastructures exposed to flood hazards

The recent 2010/2011 floods in the central and southern Queensland (Australia) prompted this research to investigate the application of geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing in modelling the current flood risk, adaptation/coping capacity, and adaptation strategies. Identified Brisbane City as the study area, the study aimed to develop a new approach of formulating adaptation/coping strategies that will aid in addressing flood risk management issues of an urban area with intensive residential and commercial uses. Fuzzy logic was the spatial analytical tool used in the integration of flood risk components (hazard, vulnerability, and exposure) and in the generation of flood risk and adaptation capacity indices. The research shows that 875 ha, 566 ha, and 828 ha were described as areas with relatively low, relatively moderate, and relatively high risk to flooding, respectively. Identified adaptation strategies for areas classified as having relatively low (RL), relatively moderate (RM), relatively high (RH), and likely very high (LVH) adaptation/coping capacity were mitigation to recovery phases, mitigation to response phases, mitigation to preparedness phases, and mitigation phase, respectively. Integrating the results from the flood risk assessment, quantitative description of adaptation capacity, and identification of adaptation strategies, a new analytical technique identified as flood risk-adaptation capacity index-adaptation strategies (FRACIAS) linkage model was developed for this study