Investments in solid waste management : opportunities for environmental improvement

This paper presents the findings of a brief evaluation of World Bank experience in municipal solid waste management (MSWM) and recommends approaches to improving future Bank performance in this subsector. The paper is presented in four chapters. Chapter I describes the methodology by which the MSWM investments were reviewed and presents definitions and discussion of the benefits of MSWM to the environment and urban productivity in developing countries. Chapter II presents the overall results relating to to the Bank's total lending for solid waste management, including the findings of the Regional evaluation of MSWM lending. Chapter III examines the findings related to the design and implementation of the Bank's MSWM components and discusses such issues as the size and scope of investments, borrowing levels, cost recovery, and private sector participation. Finally, chapter IV presents recommendations for improving the design and execution of future MSWM projects or components. Annexes to the paper include a series of tables containg summary data on MSWM components in Bank projects and eight individual case studies highlighting specific MSWM projects or components in selected countries.Urban Solid Waste Management,Sanitation and Sewerage,TF030632-DANISH CTF - FY05 (DAC PART COUNTRIES GNP PER CAPITA BELOW USD 2,500/AL,Waste Disposal&Utilization,Energy and Environment

Energy recovery from solid waste. Volume 1: Summary report

A systems analysis of energy recovery from solid waste which demonstrates the feasibility of several processes for converting solid waste to an energy form is presented. The social, legal, environmental, and political factors are considered and recommendations made in regard to legislation and policy. A technical and economic evaluation of available and developing energy-recovery processes is given with emphasis on thermal decomposition and biodegradation. A pyrolysis process is suggested. The use of prepared solid waste as a fuel supplemental to coal is considered to be the most economic process for recovery of energy from solid waste. Markets are discussed with suggestions for improving market conditions and for developing market stability. A decision procedure is given to aid a community in deciding on its options in dealing with solid waste

Energy recovery from solid waste. Volume 2: Technical report

A systems analysis of energy recovery from solid waste demonstrates the feasibility of several current processes for converting solid waste to an energy form. The social, legal, environmental, and political factors are considered in depth with recommendations made in regard to new legislation and policy. Biodegradation and thermal decomposition are the two areas of disposal that are considered with emphasis on thermal decomposition. A technical and economic evaluation of a number of available and developing energy-recovery processes is given. Based on present technical capabilities, use of prepared solid waste as a fuel supplemental to coal seems to be the most economic process by which to recover energy from solid waste. Markets are considered in detail with suggestions given for improving market conditions and for developing market stability. A decision procedure is given to aid a community in deciding on its options in dealing with solid waste, and a new pyrolysis process is suggested. An application of the methods of this study are applied to Houston, Texas

Effective participatory urban management : proceedings of the regional policy seminar on participatory urban management Shanghai, 7-9 November 1996

Covers the first regional seminar held with a view to finding appropriate solutions to the rapid and complex economic, social, political environment and technological change currently being experienced by cities in the Asia-Pacific region. Includes also an overview paper on strategic urban management, issue papers and case studies, along with action plans on effective urban participatory urban managementA ClTYNET publication sponsor by: United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific through the Japan-ESCAP Cooperation Fund the Urban Management Programme for Asia and the Pacific of the United Nations Development Programme and the People’s Government of the Shanghai Municipalit

Municipal Soild Waste Management in Sri Lanka. A study of municipal solid waste management in Dehiwala-Mt. Lavinia Municipal Council & Boralesgamuwa Urban Council of Sri Lanka

This book by Fernando and De Silva presents the scenario of solid waste in Sri Lanka by going beyond purely technical and managerial discussions. It examines waste management in Sri Lanka also from a historical perspective, particularly through the analysis of waste discourses. It acknowledges that waste is perceived differently by different actors and between historical periods. Fernando and De Silva examine the institutional, socioeconomic and political factors that enable and constrain effective, environmentally friendly and gender-sensitive waste management. Given its broad scope and detailed analysis, we trust that the present book will be useful for government authorities, civil society and grassroots actors, and private parties to improve solid waste management in Sri Lanka and make it more sustainable

Moving from a Product-Based Economy to a Service-Based Economy for a More Sustainable Future

Traditionally, economic growth and prosperity have been linked with the availability, production and distribution of tangible goods as well as the ability of consumers to acquire such goods. Early evidence regarding this connection dates back to Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations (1776), in which any activity not resulting in the production of a tangible good is characterized as unproductive of any value." Since then, this coupling of economic value and material production has been prevalent in both developed and developing economies throughout the world. One unintended consequence of this coupling has been the exponential increase in the amount of solid waste being generated. The reason is that any production and consumption of material goods eventually generates the equivalent amount of (or even more) waste. Exacerbating this problem is the fact that, with today's manufacturing and supply chain management technologies, it has become cheaper to dispose and replace most products rather than to repair and reuse them. This has given rise to what some call a disposable society." To put things in perspective: In 2012 households in the U.K. generated approximately 22 thousand tons of waste, which amounted to 411 kg of waste generated per person (Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 2015). During the same time period, households in the U.S. generated 251 million tons of waste, which is equivalent to a person generating approximately 2 kg of waste every day (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2012). Out of these 251 million tons of total waste generated, approximately 20% of the discarded items were categorized as durable goods. The disposal of durable goods is particularly worrisome because they are typically produced using material from non- renewable resources such as iron, minerals, and petroleum-based raw materials

The role of innovations in municipal solid waste management to attaining sustainable cities : case of City of Johannesburg

Abstract: Globalisation, industrialisation and urbanisation processes have given rise to improved standards of living in most cities of the World. In turn, this has resulted in high volumes of municipal solid waste being generated in the ever-growing urban centres, thus creating new pressures in the form of waste management. In response, municipalities have developed innovative ways of managing municipal solid waste and among them is the capturing, flaring and conversion of landfill gas to electricity. In order to further knowledge on the role of landfill gas capturing and flaring technologies in creating cleaner urban environments, this paper investigated the operations within the Johannesburg city regions, focusing on Marie Louis and Robinson Deep landfill sites. In particular, the paper aims to highlight the impact of the innovations not only in managing municipal solid waste in cities but also in achieving sustainable urban centres. A case study research design and a qualitative research approach were adopted to gather data from key informants through the application of interviews and observations and photographic surveys of landfill sites and solid waste management approaches within the City of Johannesburg. The study revealed that there have been reasonable innovations in the collection, transportation, disposal and treatment of municipal solid waste at the landfill sites, thus improving the sustainability status of the city. Although the innovations still face some challenges, if concerted efforts are exerted in adopting and applying the novel ways of managing municipal solid waste, cities will be safer and sustainable in the near future

Management as a system: creating value

Boston University School of Management publication from the 1990s about the MBA programs at BU, aimed at prospective MBA students

CIRCULAR PROCESSES FOR A NEW URBAN METABOLYSM: THE ROLE OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN THE SUSTAINABLE REQUALIFICATION

Through this paper we present the first results of a research combining the management problem of Municipal Solid Waste to the requalification of built environment. The goal of this research is to mitigate the vulnerability of territory and urban heritage and to transform a problem into opportunities. Above all, we have paid attention to several exemplifying cases of Italian territory: suburbs of large towns, historical centres, small centres (and, in particular, those with a strong historical connotation). Their features are, at the same time, restrictions and challenges for designing new compatible systems that can contribute to the requalification of urban landscape recovering spaces with demolition products and residual materials and comparing with managerial needs

Exploring enablers and barriers to municipal solid waste (MSW) management technologies adoption in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) becomes a point of focus globally due to its harmful effects on the environment and human health if it is not managed properly. MSW was proved globally to be used as a resource, and it has a major opportunity in the realm of conversion technologies. Accordingly, this study aims to explore the enablers and barriers to six different MSW management (MSWM) technologies adopted in the Kingdom of Bahrain, in order to ensure the successful adoption of these technologies that are Anaerobic Digestion (AD), Incineration, Pyrolysis, Gasification, Composting and Refused Derived Fuel (RDF). This study provides sufficient information to the decision and policy-makers for the processes of selection and adoption of the MSWM technologies in Bahrain, using a qualitative approach “mainly semi-structured interviews” with experts and then Thematic Analysis using nvivo12 software. The results show that the main themes that enablers and barriers fall under are: political (e.g. national waste management strategy), technical (e.g. segregation at source), managerial (e.g. capacity building), social (e.g. public awareness), economic (e.g. incentives to investment) and environmental (e.g. air quality). This study concluded that in order to succeed in the MSWM technologies adoption, the resulted barriers should be overcome. Furthermore, Incineration was recommended as the best solution to manage MSW which has the least barriers and most enablers in Bahrain as per the experts