3 research outputs found
Supporting Read/Write Applications in Embedded Real-time Systems via Suspension-aware Analysis
In many embedded real-time systems, applications often interact with I/O
devices via read/write operations, which may incur considerable suspension
delays. Unfortunately, prior analysis methods for validating timing correctness
in embedded systems become quite pessimistic when suspension delays are
present. In this paper, we consider the problem of supporting two common types
of I/O applications in a multiprocessor system, that is, write-only
applications and read-write applications. For the write-only application model,
we present a much improved analysis technique that results in only O(m)
suspension-related utilization loss, where m is the number of processors. For
the second application model, we present a flexible I/O placement strategy and
a corresponding new scheduling algorithm, which can completely circumvent the
negative impact due to read- and write-induced suspension delays. We illustrate
the feasibility of the proposed I/O-placement-based schedule via a case study
implementation. Furthermore, experiments presented herein show that the
improvement with respect to system utilization over prior methods is often
significant
I/O-Aware Deadline Miss Ratio Management in Real-Time Embedded Databases
Recently, cheap and large capacity non-volatile memory such as flash memory is rapidly replacing disks in embedded systems. While the access time of flash memory is highly predictable, deadline misses may occur if data objects in flash memory are not properly managed in real-time embedded databases. Buffer cache can be used to mitigate this problem. However, since the workload of a real-time database cannot be precisely predicted, it may not be feasible to provide enough buffer space to satisfy all timing constraints. Several deadline miss ratio management schemes have been proposed, but they do not consider I/O activities. In this paper, we present an I/O-aware deadline miss ratio management scheme in real-time embedded databases whose secondary storage is flash memory. We propose an adaptive I/O deadline assignment scheme, in which I/O deadlines are derived from up-to-date system status. We also present a deadline miss ratio management architecture where a control theory-based feedback control loop prevents resource overload both in I/O and CPU. A simulation study shows that our approach can effectively cope with both I/O and CPU overload to achieve the desired deadline miss ratio
I/O-Aware Deadline Miss Ratio Management in Real-Time Embedded Databases
Recently, cheap and large capacity non-volatile memory such as flash memory is rapidly replacing disks not only in embedded systems, but also in high performance servers. Unlike disks, the access time of flash memory is not affected by mechanical parts, thus the access time is highly predictable. However, in real-time embedded databases deadline misses may occur if data objects in flash memory are not properly managed. Buffer cache can be used to mitigate the problem. However, since the workload of a real-time database cannot be precisely predicted, it may not be feasible to provide enough buffer space to satisfy all timing constraints. Several deadline miss ratio management schemes have been proposed, but they do not consider I/O activities. In this paper, we present an I/O-aware deadline miss ratio management scheme in real-time embedded databases whose secondary storage is flash memory. We propose an adaptive I/O deadline assignment scheme, where I/O deadlines are derived from up-to-date system status. We also present a deadline miss ratio management architecture where a control theory-based feedback control loop prevents resource overload both in I/O and CPU. A simulation study shows that our approach can effectively cope with both I/O and CPU overload to achieve the desired deadline miss ratio