4 research outputs found

    CIMODE 2016: 3º Congresso Internacional de Moda e Design: proceedings

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    O CIMODE 2016 é o terceiro Congresso Internacional de Moda e Design, a decorrer de 9 a 12 de maio de 2016 na cidade de Buenos Aires, subordinado ao tema : EM--‐TRAMAS. A presente edição é organizada pela Faculdade de Arquitetura, Desenho e Urbanismo da Universidade de Buenos Aires, em conjunto com o Departamento de Engenharia Têxtil da Universidade do Minho e com a ABEPEM – Associação Brasileira de Estudos e Pesquisa em Moda.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Task Allocation in Foraging Robot Swarms:The Role of Information Sharing

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    Autonomous task allocation is a desirable feature of robot swarms that collect and deliver items in scenarios where congestion, caused by accumulated items or robots, can temporarily interfere with swarm behaviour. In such settings, self-regulation of workforce can prevent unnecessary energy consumption. We explore two types of self-regulation: non-social, where robots become idle upon experiencing congestion, and social, where robots broadcast information about congestion to their team mates in order to socially inhibit foraging. We show that while both types of self-regulation can lead to improved energy efficiency and increase the amount of resource collected, the speed with which information about congestion flows through a swarm affects the scalability of these algorithms

    Baldwinian accounts of language evolution

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    Since Hinton & Nowlan published their seminal paper (Hinton & Nowlan 1987), the neglected evolutionary process of the Baldwin effect has been widely acknowledged. Especially in the field of language evolution, the Baldwin effect (Baldwin 1896d, Simpson 1953) has been expected to salvage the long-lasting deadlocked situation of modern linguistics: i.e., it may shed light on the relationship between environment and innateness in the formation of language.However, as intense research of this evolutionary theory goes on, certain robust difficulties have become apparent. One example is genotype-phenotype correlation. By computer simulations, both Yamauchi (1999, 2001) and Mayley (19966) show that for the Baldwin effect to work legitimately, correlation between genotypes and phenotypes is the most essential underpinning. This is due to the fact that this type of the Baldwin effect adopts as its core mechanism Waddington's (1975) "genetic assimilation". In this mechanism, phenocopies have to be genetically closer to the innately predisposed genotype. Unfortunately this is an overly naiive assumption for the theory of language evolution. As a highly complex cognitive ability, the possibility that this type of genotype-phenotype correlation exists in the domain of linguistic ability is vanishingly small.In this thesis, we develop a new type of mechanism, called "Baldwinian Niche Construction (BNC), that has a rich explanatory power and can potentially over¬ come this bewildering problem of the Baldwin effect. BNC is based on the theory of niche construction that has been developed by Odling-Smee et al. (2003). The incorporation of the theory into the Baldwin effect was first suggested by Deacon (1997) and briefly introduced by Godfrey-Smith (2003). However, its formulation is yet incomplete.In the thesis, first, we review the studies of the Baldwin effect in both biology and the study of language evolution. Then the theory of BNC is more rigorously developed. Linguistic communication has an intrinsic property that is fundamentally described in the theory of niche construction. This naturally leads us to the theoretical necessity of BNC in language evolution. By creating a new linguistic niche, learning discloses a previously hidden genetic variance on which the Baldwin 'canalizing' effect can take place. It requires no genetic modification in a given genepool. There is even no need that genes responsible for learning occupy the same loci as genes for the innate linguistic knowledge. These and other aspects of BNC are presented with some results from computer simulations
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