24,930 research outputs found
Innovation as a Nonlinear Process, the Scientometric Perspective, and the Specification of an "Innovation Opportunities Explorer"
The process of innovation follows non-linear patterns across the domains of
science, technology, and the economy. Novel bibliometric mapping techniques can
be used to investigate and represent distinctive, but complementary
perspectives on the innovation process (e.g., "demand" and "supply") as well as
the interactions among these perspectives. The perspectives can be represented
as "continents" of data related to varying extents over time. For example, the
different branches of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) in the Medline database
provide sources of such perspectives (e.g., "Diseases" versus "Drugs and
Chemicals"). The multiple-perspective approach enables us to reconstruct facets
of the dynamics of innovation, in terms of selection mechanisms shaping
localizable trajectories and/or resulting in more globalized regimes. By
expanding the data with patents and scholarly publications, we demonstrate the
use of this multi-perspective approach in the case of RNA Interference (RNAi).
The possibility to develop an "Innovation Opportunities Explorer" is specified.Comment: Technology Analysis and Strategic Management (forthcoming in 2013
CITATION AND TENSE FOR REVIEWING PREVIOUS RESEARCH IN THE INRODUCTION SECTION OF ENGLISH 35 SCIENCE JOURNALS BY NON-NATIVE SPEAKERS.
The aim of this study is to explore the citation pattern in relation to tense choice for reporting pastliterature in the Introduction section of English research articles by non-native speakers. Since theresearch dealt with one type of papers, i.e. research articles, Genre Analysis was adopted. Theresults indicate that in terms of types, IPC (Information Prominent Citation) referring to generalareas of research is much more dominant than APC (Author Prominent Citation) referring tospecific areas whereas in the standard pattern the number of APC should be more dominant thanIPC since IPC only functions as an “opening move” for reporting past literature. As IPC is moredominant than APC, the present tense also outnumbers the past tense
Networks of innovators within and across borders. Evidence from patent data
Recent studies on the geography of knowledge networks have documented a negative impact of physical distance and institutional borders upon research and development (R&D) collaborations. Though it is widely recognized that geographic constraints hamper the diffusion of knowledge,
less attention has been devoted to the temporal evolution of these constraints. In this study we use data on patents filed with the European Patent Office (EPO) for 50 countries to analyze the impact of physical distance and country borders on inter-regional links in four different networks over the period 1988-2009: (1) co-inventorship, (2) patent citations, (3) inventor mobility and (4)
the location of R&D laboratories. We find the constraint imposed by country borders and distance decreased until mid-1990s then started to grow, particularly for distance. The intensity of European cross-country inventor collaborations increased at a higher pace than their non-European counterparts until 2004, with no significant relative progress afterwards. Moreover, when analyzing
networks of geographical mobility, multinational R&D activities and patent citations we do not depict any substantial progress in European research integration aside from the influence of common global trends
Why is strategic R&D (still) homebound in a globalized industry? The case of leading firms in wireless telecom
This paper looks at internationalization of R&D in the wireless telecommunications industry. We compare the international distribution of strategic R&D activities related to the development of wireless standards to other (non standard related) projects. While there is evidence that leading companies in this industry are sourcing globally their know how, still more strategic R&D projects remain homebound. This finding is further elaborated through conversations with R&D and IP managers at Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia, and Qualcomm. These semi-structured interviews suggested that a closer look at the internationalization of R&D investment requires scholars to consider maturation and decentralization of R&D and R&D management.
The evolution of networks of innovators within and across borders: Evidence from patent data
Recent studies on the geography of knowledge networks have documented a negative impact of physical distance and institutional borders upon research and development (R&D) collaborations. Though it is widely recognized that geographic constraints and national borders impede the diffusion of knowledge, less attention has been devoted to the temporal evolution of these constraints. In this study we use data on patents filed with the European Patent Office (EPO) for OECD countries to analyze the impact of physical distance and country borders on inter-regional links in four different networks over the period 1988-2009: (1) co-inventorship, (2) patent citations, (3) inventor mobility and (4) the location of R&D laboratories. We find the constraint imposed by country borders and distance decreased until mid-1990s then started to grow, particularly for distance. We further investigate the role of large innovation "hubs" as attractors of new collaboration opportunities and the impact of region size and locality on the evolution of cross-border patenting activities. The intensity of European cross-country
inventor collaborations increased at a higher pace than their non-European counterparts until 2004,
with no significant relative progress thereafter. Moreover, when analyzing networks of geographical mobility, multinational R&D activities and patent citations we cannot detect any substantial progress in European research integration above and beyond the common global trend
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