Subgrade geology beneath railways in Manchester

It is not sufficient to identify fine-grained soils, only, as locations for potential subgrade problems as could be done using a traditional 2D geological map. More information is required about the geological structure, lithological variability, mineralogy, moisture content and geotechnical properties of the soil, much of which can be supplied by modern 3D geospatial databases. These databases can be interrogated at key depths to show the wide variability of geological materials and conditions beneath the ground surface. Geological outcrop and thickness of bedrock an superficial deposits (soils), plus the permeability and water table level are predicted from the Manchester geospatial model that is based on 6500 borehole records. Geological sections along railway routes are modelled and the locations of problem soils such as alluvium, till and glaciolacustrine deposits at outcrop and shallow subcrop are identified. Spatial attribution of geotechnical data and simple methods to recast sections in engineering geological terms are demonstrated

Engineering Geological Investigation of Slow Moving Landslide in Jahiyang Village, Salawu, Tasikmalaya Regency

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.v7i1.133An understanding of landslide mechanism is imperative to determine the appropriate mitigation method. The slow moving landslide (creeping) which occurred in Kampung Salawangi, Jahiyang Village, Salawu Subregency, Tasikmalaya had caused economical and environmental losses due to the frequent active movement particularly following rainfall events. Engineering geological investigation and slope stability analysis were carried out in the studied area in order to elucidate the mechanism of the landslide. The engineering geological investigation consists of local topographical mapping, geotechnical drillings, hand borings, cone penetration, and laboratory tests. The slope stability assessment of the recent landslide was conducted by a finite element method. The results of engineering geological data analysis show that the studied area is composed of residual soils of soft to firm sandy silt and loose to compact silty sand and base rock of fresh to weathered volcanic breccias with groundwater level varying between 3 - 16 m. The engineering properties of the residual soils indicate that the sandy silt is of high plasticity and the shear strength properties of the sandy silt and silty sand show low value with effective cohesion of 6.0 - 21.74 kPa and effective friction angle of 12.00 - 25.980. The assessment of slope stability shows that the stability of the studied area is largely influenced by the rise of groundwater level marked by the decrease of safety factor and increase of slope displacement

Инженерно-геологические условия и проект изысканий под строительство инженерно-бытового корпуса на площадке ТЭЦ в г.Советская Гавань (Хабаровский край)

Объектом исследования являются инженерно-геологические условия участка строительства инженерно-бытового корпуса на площадке ТЭЦ в г. Советская Гавань (Хабаровский край). Цель работы – комплексное изучение инженерно-геологических, гидрогеологических, геоморфологических и тектонических условий, а также изучение состава, состояния и свойств грунтов, геологических процессов и явлений и прогноз возможного изменения инженерно-геологических условий в сфере взаимодействия проектируемого сооружения с геологической средой. В результате исследования составлен проект инженерно-геологических изысканий на площадке строительства инженерно-бытового корпуса.Object of research are engineering-geological conditions of a site of construction of the engineering and household case on the combined heat and power plant platform in Sovetskaya Gavan (Khabarovsk Krai). The work purpose – complex studying of engineering-geological, hydrogeological, geomorphological and tectonic conditions, and also studying of structure, a state and properties of soil, geological processes and the phenomena and the forecast of possible change of engineering-geological conditions in the sphere of interaction of the projected construction with the geological environment. As a result of research the project of engineering-geological researches on the platform of construction of the engineering and household case is made

Engineering geology maps of the UK

School and university students of geology, engineering geology and geotechnical engineering generally have less knowledge of engineering geological conditions than those who have had experience of hands-on research or practice. In the UK, the number of geology, geoscience and earth science departments has reduced over the past 25 years. Engineering geology has a very weak academic base and geology is taught less to civil engineering students than previously

Assessment of blasting operations effects during highway tunnel construction

Blasting operations are one of the fundamental parts of daily civil engineering. Drilling and blasting still remain the only possible ways of tunnelling in very adverse geological conditions. However, this method is a source of various disadvantages, the main one being tremors propagating through the geological environment which not only affect buildings, but also disturb the comfort of living in the vicinity of the source. Designing this procedure is mostly done using standardized empirical relations. This article shows the possibility of using a FEM technique in predicting blast effects. This approach is demonstrated in a simple case study on the impact of blasting operations on steel pipes

Initial geological considerations before installing ground source heat pump systems

The performance of an open- or closed-loop ground source heat pump system depends on local geological conditions. It is important that these are determined as accurately as possible when designing a system, to maximize efficiency and minimize installation costs. Factors that need to be considered are surface temperature, subsurface temperatures down to 100–200 m, thermal conductivities and diffusivities of the soil and rock layers, groundwater levels and flows, and aquifer properties. In addition, rock strength is a critical factor in determining the excavation or drilling method required at a site and the associated costs. The key to determining all of these factors is an accurate conceptual site-scale model of the ground conditions (soils, geology, thermogeology, engineering geology and hydrogeology). The British Geological Survey has used the modern digital geological mapping of the UK as a base onto which appropriate attributes can be assigned. As a result it is possible to generate regional maps of surface and subsurface temperatures, rock strength and depth to water. This information can be used by designers, planners and installers of ground source heat pump systems. The use of appropriate geological factors will assist in creating a system that meets the heating or cooling load of the building without unnecessary overengineering

Properties of the loess sediments in Ostrava Region (Czech Republic) and comparison with some other loess sediments

This study deals with a methodical identification and evaluation of physical-mechanical properties of one genetic type of geological structure. This is represented by an engineering-geological zone of eolian sediments, which is regionally rather abundant. The paper contributes to a need to identify typical soil properties for widespread geological environments in a particular region and thus add to good engineering geologists and geotechnical engineers’ awareness in the region. Such information is much required as it permits comparing results of newly conducted engineering-geological investigations and research with the results characteristic for the region in question. It is vital for engineering geologists and geotechnical engineers to be sufficiently informed on the foundation soil properties of widespread geological environments because of professionalism and higher quality of their work results. Comparing other loess sediment studies worldwide it was discovered that the physical properties of the most abundant clays of low to medium plasticity, sandy clays, and sands as foundation soils vary as for the plasticity index, porosity, natural water content, and bulk density to a certain extent but not as significantly as once expected.Web of Scienceart. no. 52943

Bacteria Use Type IV Pili to Walk Upright and Detach from Surfaces

1. Department of Bioengineering, California Nano Systems Institute,University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA. 2. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA. 3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA. 4. Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.Bacterial biofilms are structured multicellular communities involved in a broad range of infections. Knowing how free-swimming bacteria adapt their motility mechanisms near surfaces is crucial for understanding the transition between planktonic and biofilm phenotypes. By translating microscopy movies into searchable databases of bacterial behavior, we identified fundamental type IV pili–driven mechanisms for Pseudomonas aeruginosa surface motility involved in distinct foraging strategies. Bacteria stood upright and “walked” with trajectories optimized for two-dimensional surface exploration. Vertical orientation facilitated surface detachment and could influence biofilm morphology.Center for Nonlinear Dynamic

Инженерно-геологические условия участка и проект изысканий под строительство жилого дома по ул. Кирова в г. Новокузнецке Кемеровской области.

Объектом исследования является оценка инженерно-геологических условий участка под строительство жилого дома по ул. Кирова (г. Новокузнецка). Цель проекта–изучение инженерно-геологических, гидрогеологических, геоморфологических и тектонических условий участка; изучение состава, состояния и свойств грунтов, геологических и инженерно-геологических процессов и явлений, а также прогноз возможного изменения инженерно-геологических условий в сфере взаимодействия проектируемого сооружения с геологической средой; обоснование оптимальных видов работ, их объёмов и методики изысканий для получения достоверности инженерно-геологической информации. В процессе работы проводились анализ и обобщение литературных сведений и фактического материала инженерно-геологических изысканий, предоставленных ООО «ЮжКузбассТИСИЗ». В проекте обоснованы необходимые виды и объемы работ (полевые, лабораторные и камеральные), а также составлена смета на их выполнение. Текст дипломного проекта выполнен в текстовом редакторе Miсrosoft Word 2010, рисунки и графические приложения выполнены в программе CREDO, AutoCAD 2016, при построении таблиц использован офисный пакет Laboratory.Ex, Miсrosoft Excel 2010.The object of the study is to assess the engineering geological conditions of the land for construction of residential house on the street of Kirov (the city of Novokuznetsk). The aim of the project is the study of engineering-geological, hydrogeological, geomorphological and tectonic conditions of the site; the study of the composition, condition and properties of soils, geological and engineering-geological processes and phenomena, as well as the forecast of possible changes of engineering-geological conditions in the sphere of interacting designing structures with geological environment; the substantiation of optimum types of works

STUDY SKILLS AS A WAY TO INDEPENDENT LANGUAGE LEARNING

The purpose of the research is to find out whether the students possess the necessary study skills and whether their study skills are developed with each following academic year. With this regard, 70 students of the National Mining University (Dnipropetrovsk) have been surveyed. They are first-, second-, fourth- and fifth-year (Master) students of various specialities: Mining, Geological Prospecting, Marketing, Management, Power Engineering, Computer Systems, System Analysis, Finance and Economics. The language proficiency level of the students ranges from A2 to B2