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Verbal analogy problem sets: An inventory of testing materials.
Analogical reasoning is an active topic of investigation across education, artificial intelligence (AI), cognitive psychology, and related fields. In all fields of inquiry, explicit analogy problems provide useful tools for investigating the mechanisms underlying analogical reasoning. Such sets have been developed by researchers working in the fields of educational testing, AI, and cognitive psychology. However, these analogy tests have not been systematically made accessible across all the relevant fields. The present paper aims to remedy this situation by presenting a working inventory of verbal analogy problem sets, intended to capture and organize sets from diverse sources
Investigating the role of model-based reasoning while troubleshooting an electric circuit
We explore the overlap of two nationally-recognized learning outcomes for
physics lab courses, namely, the ability to model experimental systems and the
ability to troubleshoot a malfunctioning apparatus. Modeling and
troubleshooting are both nonlinear, recursive processes that involve using
models to inform revisions to an apparatus. To probe the overlap of modeling
and troubleshooting, we collected audiovisual data from think-aloud activities
in which eight pairs of students from two institutions attempted to diagnose
and repair a malfunctioning electrical circuit. We characterize the cognitive
tasks and model-based reasoning that students employed during this activity. In
doing so, we demonstrate that troubleshooting engages students in the core
scientific practice of modeling.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables; Submitted to Physical Review PE
'Thinking of Spain in a flat way:' visiting Spain and Spanish cultural heritage through contemporary Japanese anime
This article contextualizes the representation of Spain and Spanish culture among Japanese cultural producers, particularly through the production of Japanese commercial animation (commonly named anime). Toward that goal, it provides a historical background of Japan-Spain relations within the context of the tourism industry, as well as some examples of the diverse forms of representation within several creative industries. Subsequently, the article reviews the ways in which popular culture has been contributed to national branding. There is special attention to the Spanish case and the proliferation of such images sometimes resulting in the (mis)representation of Spain's tangible and intangible cultural heritage. Internationally-distributed anime productions will be examined as a reflection of Spanish national branding on Japanese audiences and this global industry. Three cases among contemporary anime productions have been selected due to the combination of fictional and misrepresented Spanish cultural features in their narratives
Cleaning the USNO-B Catalog through automatic detection of optical artifacts
The USNO-B Catalog contains spurious entries that are caused by diffraction
spikes and circular reflection halos around bright stars in the original
imaging data. These spurious entries appear in the Catalog as if they were real
stars; they are confusing for some scientific tasks. The spurious entries can
be identified by simple computer vision techniques because they produce
repeatable patterns on the sky. Some techniques employed here are variants of
the Hough transform, one of which is sensitive to (two-dimensional)
overdensities of faint stars in thin right-angle cross patterns centered on
bright (<13 \mag) stars, and one of which is sensitive to thin annular
overdensities centered on very bright (<7 \mag) stars. After enforcing
conservative statistical requirements on spurious-entry identifications, we
find that of the 1,042,618,261 entries in the USNO-B Catalog, 24,148,382 of
them (2.3 \percent) are identified as spurious by diffraction-spike criteria
and 196,133 (0.02 \percent) are identified as spurious by reflection-halo
criteria. The spurious entries are often detected in more than 2 bands and are
not overwhelmingly outliers in any photometric properties; they therefore
cannot be rejected easily on other grounds, i.e., without the use of computer
vision techniques. We demonstrate our method, and return to the community in
electronic form a table of spurious entries in the Catalog.Comment: published in A
Agents for educational games and simulations
This book consists mainly of revised papers that were presented at the Agents for Educational Games and Simulation (AEGS) workshop held on May 2, 2011, as part of the Autonomous Agents and MultiAgent Systems (AAMAS) conference in Taipei, Taiwan. The 12 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from various submissions. The papers are organized topical sections on middleware applications, dialogues and learning, adaption and convergence, and agent applications
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