Analysis of Effects of Organizational Behavior on Evolving System of Systems Acquisition Programs Through Agent Based Modeling

Every weapon system operates in context with one or more system of systems (SoS). It is the SoS that provides warfighting capability. Each system is managed independently by a program office with program-centric priorities. These systems must be interconnected and interoperable, so the program office must collaborate across the SoS. The SoS are always changing and evolving, triggered by variety of stimuli. Acquisition program offices can be characterized with a set of organizational behaviors that respond to the environment, are influenced by SoS architecture, and can be described by their fitness and contribution to SoS. Using Geert Hofstede\u27s cultural dimensions, integrated with a modified version of the Bak-Sneppen biological evolutionary model, this research highlights which set of behaviors are significant in affecting the SoS fitness. Through the use of agent based modeling, it was determined that organizational behaviors of willingness and ability were significant factors to local fitness with correlation of 0.548 and 0.535 respectively. Using these factors, a regression model was built to predict the local fitness of the system. Additionally, global fitness was highly dependent on the influence from connected systems. Lastly, the SoS global fitness remained highly stable after a period of time throughout different modeling strategies

ENABLING WARFARE AT THE SPEED OF LIGHT: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MULTI-MISSION HIGH ENERGY LASER RADARS

This capstone report provides a cost effectiveness analysis of various radar systems capable of guiding the Multi-Mission High Energy Laser (MMHEL) from a Stryker platform. The Army's Rapid Capability and Critical Technologies Office (RCCTO) is developing the MMHEL to provide a Mobile Short-Range Air Defense (MSHORAD) capability to maneuver units. The MMHEL requires a radar to cue the fire control system for target engagement. Past efforts to employ high-energy lasers have relied on large, stationary radars for target acquisition. The reliance on such radars limits a unit's ability to maneuver and results in the laser being employed primarily from a defensive posture. To maximize maneuverability and enable the offensive employment of the MMHEL, the U.S. Army needs an on-platform radar that is compact and inexpensive enough to equip multiple Strykers within a Stryker Brigade Combat Team with the capability to engage targets from a mobile platform. The RCCTO is currently tasked with accelerating efforts to fill this need. The intent of this report is to assist the RCCTO in these efforts by generating a list of viable radar alternatives and conducting a cost effectiveness analysis to produce a recommendation of the most optimal solution. The results indicate that RADA's aCHR radar presents the best value in terms of cost and benefit to the warfighter.http://archive.org/details/enablingwarfarea1094564109Captain, United States ArmyCaptain, United States ArmyMajor, United States ArmyCaptain, United States ArmyCaptain, United States ArmyApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

UNIFORMED MILITARY ACQUISITION OFFICER CAREER PATH DEVELOPMENT COMPARISON

The purpose of this research was to compare the career path development of the Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Army acquisition officers and identify advantages and disadvantages from each service. After an analysis of the differences, recommended changes to establish greater efficiency and symmetry within the acquisition officer’s professional development to serve more effectively in a joint environment are proposed. The methodology included comparing U.S. Armed Forces processes and frameworks concerning career field education and training of uniformed acquisition officers in the contract management and program management fields. Each service’s methods were compared to identify milestones for career progression of acquisition officers within each service. Processes that would benefit other services were identified, such as serving in non-acquisition positions as junior officers and serving in back-to-back acquisitions tours once joining the acquisition workforce. These beneficial processes were used to create a Universal Acquisition Officer Career Path (UAOCP) that can be adopted by all services to better synchronize military and civilian education, training, and experience across the services for acquisition officers. The UAOCP would promote a level field of knowledge that could better serve the joint acquisition environment.Major, United States Marine CorpsLieutenant Commander, United States NavyLieutenant Commander, United States NavyApproved for public release. distribution is unlimite

LOGISTICS IN CONTESTED ENVIRONMENTS

This report examines the transport and delivery of logistics in contested environments within the context of great-power competition (GPC). Across the Department of Defense (DOD), it is believed that GPC will strain our current supply lines beyond their capacity to maintain required warfighting capability. Current DOD efforts are underway to determine an appropriate range of platforms, platform quantities, and delivery tactics to meet the projected logistics demand in future conflicts. This report explores the effectiveness of various platforms and delivery methods through analysis in developed survivability, circulation, and network optimization models. Among other factors, platforms are discriminated by their radar cross-section (RCS), noise level, speed, cargo capacity, and self-defense capability. To maximize supply delivered and minimize the cost of losses, the results of this analysis indicate preference for utilization of well-defended convoys on supply routes where bulk supply is appropriate and smaller, and widely dispersed assets on shorter, more contested routes with less demand. Sensitivity analysis on these results indicates system survivability can be improved by applying RCS and noise-reduction measures to logistics assets.Director, Warfare Integration (OPNAV N9I)Major, Israel Defence ForcesCivilian, Singapore Technologies Engineering Ltd, SingaporeCommander, Republic of Singapore NavyCommander, United States NavyCaptain, Singapore ArmyLieutenant, United States NavyLieutenant, United States NavyMajor, Republic of Singapore Air ForceCaptain, United States Marine CorpsLieutenant, United States NavyLieutenant, United States NavyLieutenant, United States NavyLieutenant, United States NavyLieutenant, United States NavyCaptain, Singapore ArmyLieutenant Junior Grade, United States NavyCaptain, Singapore ArmyLieutenant Colonel, Republic of Singapore Air ForceApproved for public release. distribution is unlimite

A Framework for Delivering Contextually Appropriate Opportunities for Warfighter Practice

Computer-based modeling and simulation has been a training staple in the military domain since the first aircraft simulators were adopted. More recently, virtual environments based on modeling, simulation and serious games, have introduced relatively low-cost, yet high value additions to the learning environment. As these virtual environments have proliferated, many researchers have investigated the relationship between theoretical foundations of learning, learner development and content delivery, and applied their findings in an attempt to bolster learning, yet performance deficiencies continue to exist. This study asserts that performance deficiencies exist in part because of insufficient contextually appropriate opportunities to practice. This work is multi-disciplinary in nature. Its foundation is modeling and simulation engineering; the use of technology to deliver training. Educational psychology and human factors concepts explain the theoretical basis for modeling and simulation as an effective training delivery agent. The study\u27s thesis is that a framework for delivering contextually appropriate opportunities for warfighter practice can be applied to discover whether modeling, simulation and game-based virtual environments have the potential to improve individual performance for learners beyond the Novice Stage (e.g., Competent Stage) of skills acquisition. Furthermore, this conceptually appropriate practice (CAP) framework can be used to assess the potential of low fidelity virtual environments to provide targeted practice and to improve individual performance, not only during training in high-fidelity virtual environments (near transfer) but also in the live environment (far transfer). To evaluate the thesis, this study investigates the relationship of technology and learning science, and features an empirical evaluation of training effectiveness afforded by delivering additional training repetitions using both low-fidelity virtual environment simulator systems and high-fidelity aircraft simulators

Developing a supply chain management certification for the Department of Defense

MBA Professional ReportThe purpose of this project is to develop a Supply Chain Management (SCM) certification within the Department of Defense (DoD). The report provides background information on certification and SCM. This report defines SCM and describes some potential benefits of SCM for the DoD. The report discusses what the DoD will gain from a formal SCM certification program that could be outsourced to civilian universities or provided by organizations within the Defense Acquisition University (DAU) consortium. Lastly, the report will provide an initial proposal of what the curriculum could look like based on an analysis of current graduate level SCM curricula at leading U.S. universities.http://archive.org/details/developingsupply1094510200Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Sizing Analysis for Aircraft Utilizing Hybrid-Electronic Propulsion Systems

A submerged inlet investigation, using flow control in the form of discrete blowing, examined proximity and jet directionality to improve compressor face uniformity. The flow control locations were at the head of the ramp and part way down the ramp, providing four configurations under examination. Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV)measurements at the throat determined the effect of the flow control based on the statistical velocity measurements. Blowing at closer proximity to the throat and targeting the largest velocity deficit region provided the best results. The airspeed and inlet velocity simulated takeoff and landing conditions; velocities ranged from Mach 0.1-0.3 at the throat. Secondary components and turbulence measurements proved useful in determining the effect of the flow control configurations. In a complimentary study, two serpentine ducts of rectangular cross-section evaluated the LDV capability before the inlet examination. The s-shaped serpentine ducts had features comparable to those expected in the submerged inlet. The flow through two serpentine ducts, of identical hydraulic diameters but different aspect ratios, demonstrated different behaviors despite all other features being the same. Two strong counter-rotating streamwise vortices formed for the 2:1 aspect ratio while four weaker vortices formed in the 1:2 aspect ratio duct. Computational simulations, performed on the serpentine ducts using a Reynolds shear stress model on a 4 million cell grid, agreed with the results of the experimental examination. The agreement between the exit profiles provided confidence in the LDV system to make the inlet measurements possible

Direct fire synchronization.

This thesis analyzes defense in sector missions adapted from the National Training Center and conducted with the Janus(A) high resolution combat model to check for relationships which influence direct fire synchronization. This analysis should enhance the monitoring of unit performances in the area of concentration of massing of fires consistent with the commander's intent. The combat fighting vehicle, which combines the characteristics of mobility with high volumes of firepower, dominates the desert battlefield and is the focus of this study. Graphical methods and analytic techniques are developed the describe the battle in terms of direct fire synchronization and a mission measure of effectiveness (MOE). This research is being conducted under the E.S. Army's Battle Enhanced Analysis methodologies (BEAM) study, which is developing objective doctrinal AirLand battle measures and visual displays to enhance training analysis. The thesis also describes the training environment of the NTC, defense in sector doctrine for both the U.S. Army and the U.S. Marine Corps with emphasis on asymmetries, and threat offensive doctrinehttp://archive.org/details/directfiresynchr00lamoMajor, United States Marine CorpsApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Status of Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF) Implementation within the Aeronautical Systems Center (ASC)

The purpose of this research was to identify the current status of the use of the Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF) systems architecture products within the Aeronautical Systems Center (ASC) program offices. There are regulatory requirements dictating the creation of DoDAF products as annexes to programmatic documentation, such as the Joint Capabilities Integration Development System (JCIDS) requirement for systems architectures as annexes for acquisition milestone decision documentation. In addition, the DoDAF itself identifies several products as being highly applicable for the development of acquisition strategies. This thesis investigated the use of systems architectures, and particularly DoDAF products, within the context of Air Force weapon systems acquisitions, as represented by ASC. The research indicated two conclusions: while programs required to follow the new acquisition processes are doing so, very few are employing systems architectures systematically, and at this point, at least within ASC, the benefits to acquisition program management personnel derived from an architectural context are not yet being realized. These conclusions result in several recommendations to ASC, the DoDAF Working Group, and the systems engineering community in general in terms of making systems architectures the standard way of doing business within Air Force weapon system acquisitions efforts. Specific procurement success stories are documented, including the Airborne Electronic Attack (AEA), the B-2 Group, and the Tanker Modernization Squadron