Introduction to the Selected Papers from ICCPS 2016

Since their inception more than a decade ago, terms such as “cyber-physical systems” (CPS) or “cooperating objects” have come to describe research and engineering efforts that tightly conjoin real-world physical processes and computing systems. The integration of physical processes and computing is not new; embedded computing systems have been in place for decades controlling physical processes. The revolution is steaming from the extensive networking of embedded computing devices and the holistic cyber-physical co-design that integrates sensing, actuation, computation, networking, and physical processes. Such systems pose many broad scientific and technical challenges, ranging from distributed programming paradigms to networking protocols, as well as systems theory that combines physical models and networked embedded systems. Notably, as the physical interactions imply that timing requirements are considered, real-time computing systems methodologies and technologies are also pivotal in many of those systems. Moreover, many of these systems are often safety-critical, and therefore it is fundamental to guarantee other nonfunctional properties (such as safety, security, and reliability), which often interplay among them and with timeliness requirements. CPS is a growing key strategic research, development, and innovation area, and it is becoming pivotal for boosting the development of the future generation of highly complex and automated computing systems, which will be pervasive in virtually all application domains. Notable examples are aeronautics, aerospace and defence systems, robotics, autonomous transportation systems, the Internet of Things, energy-aware and green computing, smart factory automation, smart grids, and advanced medical devices and applications. This special issue contains a selection of extended versions of the best papers presented at the Seventh ACM/IEEE International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems (ICCPS 2016), which was held with the Cyber-Physical Systems Week in Vienna, Austria, on 11–14 April 2016. This selection reflects effectively the growing pervasiveness of these systems in various applications domains. These papers excel at describing the diversity of methodologies used to design and verify various non-functional properties of these complex systems.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

CERN openlab Whitepaper on Future IT Challenges in Scientific Research

This whitepaper describes the major IT challenges in scientific research at CERN and several other European and international research laboratories and projects. Each challenge is exemplified through a set of concrete use cases drawn from the requirements of large-scale scientific programs. The paper is based on contributions from many researchers and IT experts of the participating laboratories and also input from the existing CERN openlab industrial sponsors. The views expressed in this document are those of the individual contributors and do not necessarily reflect the view of their organisations and/or affiliates

Research and Education in Computational Science and Engineering

Over the past two decades the field of computational science and engineering (CSE) has penetrated both basic and applied research in academia, industry, and laboratories to advance discovery, optimize systems, support decision-makers, and educate the scientific and engineering workforce. Informed by centuries of theory and experiment, CSE performs computational experiments to answer questions that neither theory nor experiment alone is equipped to answer. CSE provides scientists and engineers of all persuasions with algorithmic inventions and software systems that transcend disciplines and scales. Carried on a wave of digital technology, CSE brings the power of parallelism to bear on troves of data. Mathematics-based advanced computing has become a prevalent means of discovery and innovation in essentially all areas of science, engineering, technology, and society; and the CSE community is at the core of this transformation. However, a combination of disruptive developments---including the architectural complexity of extreme-scale computing, the data revolution that engulfs the planet, and the specialization required to follow the applications to new frontiers---is redefining the scope and reach of the CSE endeavor. This report describes the rapid expansion of CSE and the challenges to sustaining its bold advances. The report also presents strategies and directions for CSE research and education for the next decade.Comment: Major revision, to appear in SIAM Revie

Cloudbus Toolkit for Market-Oriented Cloud Computing

This keynote paper: (1) presents the 21st century vision of computing and identifies various IT paradigms promising to deliver computing as a utility; (2) defines the architecture for creating market-oriented Clouds and computing atmosphere by leveraging technologies such as virtual machines; (3) provides thoughts on market-based resource management strategies that encompass both customer-driven service management and computational risk management to sustain SLA-oriented resource allocation; (4) presents the work carried out as part of our new Cloud Computing initiative, called Cloudbus: (i) Aneka, a Platform as a Service software system containing SDK (Software Development Kit) for construction of Cloud applications and deployment on private or public Clouds, in addition to supporting market-oriented resource management; (ii) internetworking of Clouds for dynamic creation of federated computing environments for scaling of elastic applications; (iii) creation of 3rd party Cloud brokering services for building content delivery networks and e-Science applications and their deployment on capabilities of IaaS providers such as Amazon along with Grid mashups; (iv) CloudSim supporting modelling and simulation of Clouds for performance studies; (v) Energy Efficient Resource Allocation Mechanisms and Techniques for creation and management of Green Clouds; and (vi) pathways for future research.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, Conference pape