A New Digital Watermarking Algorithm Using Combination of Least Significant Bit (LSB) and Inverse Bit

In this paper, we introduce a new digital watermarking algorithm using least significant bit (LSB). LSB is used because of its little effect on the image. This new algorithm is using LSB by inversing the binary values of the watermark text and shifting the watermark according to the odd or even number of pixel coordinates of image before embedding the watermark. The proposed algorithm is flexible depending on the length of the watermark text. If the length of the watermark text is more than ((MxN)/8)-2 the proposed algorithm will also embed the extra of the watermark text in the second LSB. We compare our proposed algorithm with the 1-LSB algorithm and Lee's algorithm using Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). This new algorithm improved its quality of the watermarked image. We also attack the watermarked image by using cropping and adding noise and we got good results as well.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures and 4 tables; Journal of Computing, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2011, ISSN 2151-961

Digital watermarking in medical images

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University, 05/12/2005.This thesis addresses authenticity and integrity of medical images using watermarking. Hospital Information Systems (HIS), Radiology Information Systems (RIS) and Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (P ACS) now form the information infrastructure for today's healthcare as these provide new ways to store, access and distribute medical data that also involve some security risk. Watermarking can be seen as an additional tool for security measures. As the medical tradition is very strict with the quality of biomedical images, the watermarking method must be reversible or if not, region of Interest (ROI) needs to be defined and left intact. Watermarking should also serve as an integrity control and should be able to authenticate the medical image. Three watermarking techniques were proposed. First, Strict Authentication Watermarking (SAW) embeds the digital signature of the image in the ROI and the image can be reverted back to its original value bit by bit if required. Second, Strict Authentication Watermarking with JPEG Compression (SAW-JPEG) uses the same principal as SAW, but is able to survive some degree of JPEG compression. Third, Authentication Watermarking with Tamper Detection and Recovery (AW-TDR) is able to localise tampering, whilst simultaneously reconstructing the original image

Fragile Watermarking of Medical Image for Content Authentication and Security

Currently in the health environment, medical images are a very crucial and important part of the medical information because of the large amount of information and their disposal two-dimensional. Medical images are stored, transmitted and recovered on the network. The images users await efficient solutions to preserve the quality and protect the integrity of images exchanged. In this context, watermarking medical image has been widely recognized as an appropriate technique to enhance the security, authenticity and content verification. Watermarking image may bring elements of complementary research methods of classical cryptography. The objective of this paper is to develop a method to authenticate medical images to grayscale, detect falsified on these image zones and retrieve the original image using a blind fragile watermarking technique. We propose a method based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for the application of content authentication. In our algorithm, the watermark is embedded into the sub-bands detail coefficient. The subbands coefficients are marked by adding a watermark of the same size as three sub-bands and a comparison of embedding a watermark at vertical (LH), horizontal (HL) and diagonal (HH) details. We tested the proposed algorithm after applying some standard types of attacks and more interesting. The results have been analyzed in terms of imperceptibility and fragility. Tests were conducted on the medical images to grayscale and color size 512 × 512

Digital watermarking : applicability for developing trust in medical imaging workflows state of the art review

Medical images can be intentionally or unintentionally manipulated both within the secure medical system environment and outside, as images are viewed, extracted and transmitted. Many organisations have invested heavily in Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS), which are intended to facilitate data security. However, it is common for images, and records, to be extracted from these for a wide range of accepted practices, such as external second opinion, transmission to another care provider, patient data request, etc. Therefore, confirming trust within medical imaging workflows has become essential. Digital watermarking has been recognised as a promising approach for ensuring the authenticity and integrity of medical images. Authenticity refers to the ability to identify the information origin and prove that the data relates to the right patient. Integrity means the capacity to ensure that the information has not been altered without authorisation. This paper presents a survey of medical images watermarking and offers an evident scene for concerned researchers by analysing the robustness and limitations of various existing approaches. This includes studying the security levels of medical images within PACS system, clarifying the requirements of medical images watermarking and defining the purposes of watermarking approaches when applied to medical images

Robust Digital Watermarking For Color Images Using Fuzzy Vault

The advent of the Internet has resulted in many new opportunities for the creation and delivery of content in digital form. Applications include electronic advertising, real-time video and audio delivery, digital repositories and libraries, and Web publishing. An important issue that arises in these applications is the protection of the rights of all participants. It has been recognized for quite some time that current copyright laws are inadequate for dealing with digital data. This has led to an interest towards developing new copy deterrence and protection mechanisms. One such effort that has been attracting increasing interest is based on digital watermarking techniques. Digital watermarking is the process of embedding information into digital multimedia content such that the information (the watermark) can later be extracted or detected for a variety of purposes including copy prevention and control. Digital watermarking has become an active and important area of research, and development. Key research problem that we still face today is the development of truly robust, transparent and secure watermarking technique for different digital media including images, video and audio. So we propose a new robust digital watermarking system based on DCT and fuzzy vault techniques

An Introduction to the Digital Watermarking

Digital watermarking is the process of embedding a message pertaining to the digital content itself and contains information about its author, buyer etc. It is same as that of steganography; only the difference is in the process of hiding the information. In digital watermarking the information is hided pertaining to the digital content itself whereas the message embedded in a digital content in the case of steganography is the secret message that has to be transmitted over the communication channel. Hence digital watermarking can be used for many applications like ownership assertion, copy right prevention, fingerprinting, data authentication (medical field) etc