64 research outputs found
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Architectures and algorithms for dynamic overlay networks
Most of today’s Internet of Things (IoT) applications assume that data will be moved offdevices into centralized cloud platforms. While existing IoT systems leverage cloud-based analytics for meaningful data reasoning, the assumption that data should always be moved off the devices is problematic. The amount of data to be moved from devices over Internet gateways to cloud platforms is huge which potentially make it cost inefficient. In other scenarios, privacy concerns of customers or organizational rules complicate the process of transferring data to third-party data centers.This dissertation proposes architectures and dynamic overlay network algorithms for in-networkand edge processing of data offered by the globally available IoT devices and provides a global platform for meaningful and responsive data analysis and decision making. The proposed techniques shift IoT analytics from a ”collect data now and analyze it later” scenario to directlyproviding meaningful information from the in-network processing of devices data at or near thedevices. The techniques serve future IoT use cases including distributed context awareness, on-demand data analysis, and in-network decision making. The dissertation comprises three main components.The first component is a device management protocol for cloning devices’ data in proximateEdge Computing platforms. Unlike existing application-layer IoT management protocols theproposed protocol uses the LTE LTE-A radio frame structure, device-to-device communication,and IoT data properties to avoid excessive network access latency in existing technologies.The second component realizes distributed IoT analytics as overlay networks of devices clones. By means of virtual network embedding, it selects and interconnects devices’ clones to efficiently realize applications’ virtual topologies to achieve goals such as minimum latency, minimum infrastructure cost, or maximum infrastructure utilization.Finally, the dissertation presents a communication middleware that allows autonomous discovery, self-deployment, and online migration of devices’ clones across heterogeneous Edge computing platforms. The middleware ensures that communication latency between clones is kept minimum despite the uncontrolled variability of the network and hosting platforms conditions.We evaluate the proposed architectures and algorithms through simulations and prototypeimplementation of various components in controlled testbed environments, which we evaluateusing real user applications. We explore the feasibility of the proposed techniques from boththeoretical and practical perspectives.Keywords: Cloud Computing, Internet of Things, Algorithmic Game Theory, Compressive Sensin
Extending the Metaverse: Exploring Generative Objects with Extended Reality Environments and Adaptive Context Awareness
The metaverse, with the internet, virtual and augmented reality, and other domains for an immersive environment, has been considered mainstream in recent years. However, the current metaverse platforms have a gap in the physical space, leading to reduced engagement in these applications. This thesis project explores an extended metaverse framework with generative content and the design of a seamless interface to increase the connection between the metaverse and the physical environment and create coherence and efficiency between them. The extended metaverse agent helps prevent this from happening by improving the interaction, embodiment, and agency that dynamically engage humans in mixed reality (MR) environments. This thesis project will design and prototype MR objects and environments with the research through design (RTD) and speculative design methodology, whereby future applications are imagined, assuming plausibility of smart glasses being commonplace to help users visualize the coherence of virtual and physical spaces in simultaneity. To summarize, this thesis project provides an extended metaverse framework and agent that generates from physical contexts to describe the coherence of virtual and physical environments
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Collaborative Filtering-Based In-Network Content Placement and Caching for 5G Networks
As the number of wireless devices, the demand for high data rates, and the need for always-on connectivity are growing and becoming more stringent with the evolvement and emergence of 5G systems, network engineers and researchers are being faced with new unique challenges that need to be addressed. Among many challenges, tra�c congestion bottleneck at back-haul links arising from the massive connections emerges as one key challenge that 5G systems need to tackle. One solution approach that has been investigated as a key enabler for addressing such tra�c bottlenecks is in-network content caching, where frequently-accessed content is placed closer to end users at the network edges so that the amounts of tra�c that need to traverse core network and back-haul links are reduced. In this thesis, we propose a content placement and caching technique that leverages collaborative �ltering and k-means clustering to make e�cient content placement decisions, thereby reducing downloading time and back-haul tra�c. We simulate the proposed technique and compare it with two other existing caching techniques, and show that the proposed approach outperforms existing ones by achieving higher hit ratios, reducing backhaul tra�c, and decreasing download times. We therefore show that the proposed technique improves the users' quality of experience by minimizing network latency and the overall network performance by alleviating backhaul tra�c congestions
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Hybrid, Proactive In-Network Caching for Mobile On-Demand Video Streaming
Mobile video streaming has become an essential application in mobile wireless networks,making up most of the mobile data of today’s Internet traffic. Studies have shown that mobile video data is projected to make up about 78 percent of the global mobile data traffic, and that global mobile data traffic is expected to increase sevenfold by 2021.Massive small cell base station (SBS) deployments have emerged as a potential solution promising to fulfill these unprecedented mobile data demands, by offering great coverage enhancements and maintaining high quality of video streaming. However, due to relatively small cell sizes and high user mobility, mobile video streaming in dense SBS networks faces fundamental challenges such as intermittent connectivity and frequent handoffs, causing degradation in video streaming quality. In this thesis, we tackle this issue by introducing a hybrid proactive in-network caching framework that stores some popular videos at the edge of the network, namely at the SBSs, while also pre-caching video contents in advance to better service mobile users. The proposed framework essentially reduces the need for bringing every requested video from the core (original)network, which results in alleviating network congestion by reducing back-haul traffic and in improving mobile video streaming experience by avoiding service discontinuity during handoffs. We develop a simulation framework using MATLAB to study the performance of the proposed hybrid proactive caching technique, and show using simulations that the proposed technique can effectively improve video quality of experience and reduce back-haul traffic.Keywords: hybrid proactive caching, Video Quality of Experience, Small-cell Base Station (SBS)., Mobile video streamin
Digital Transformation
The amount of literature on Digital Transformation is staggering—and it keeps growing. Why, then,
come out with yet another such document? Moreover, any text aiming at explaining the Digital
Transformation by presenting a snapshot is going to become obsolete in a blink of an eye, most likely to
be already obsolete at the time it is first published.
The FDC Initiative on Digital Reality felt there is a need to look at the Digital Transformation from the
point of view of a profound change that is pervading the entire society—a change made possible by
technology and that keeps changing due to technology evolution opening new possibilities but is also a
change happening because it has strong economic reasons. The direction of this change is not easy to
predict because it is steered by a cultural evolution of society, an evolution that is happening in niches
and that may expand rapidly to larger constituencies and as rapidly may fade away. This creation,
selection by experimentation, adoption, and sudden disappearance, is what makes the whole scenario
so unpredictable and continuously changing.The amount of literature on Digital Transformation is staggering—and it keeps growing. Why, then,
come out with yet another such document? Moreover, any text aiming at explaining the Digital
Transformation by presenting a snapshot is going to become obsolete in a blink of an eye, most likely to
be already obsolete at the time it is first published.
The FDC Initiative on Digital Reality felt there is a need to look at the Digital Transformation from the
point of view of a profound change that is pervading the entire society—a change made possible by
technology and that keeps changing due to technology evolution opening new possibilities but is also a
change happening because it has strong economic reasons. The direction of this change is not easy to
predict because it is steered by a cultural evolution of society, an evolution that is happening in niches
and that may expand rapidly to larger constituencies and as rapidly may fade away. This creation,
selection by experimentation, adoption, and sudden disappearance, is what makes the whole scenario
so unpredictable and continuously changing
A platform for change: How identifying and aligning technology building blocks provides a digital platform of change in the construction industry
The construction industry is currently in turmoil, searching in every direction for that ‘silver bullet’ or digital solution, to bring efficiency, productivity and in some ways stability to the sector.
It was the World Economic Forum report of 2016, that drew major attention to the industry, mainly because it highlighted some of the inadequacies of the sector and its inability to transform as so many other industries have. It also referenced so many megatrends that would ultimately impact over the coming years. Ironically construction is rated at 21 of 22 industries with respect to digitization deployment according to McKinsey Global.
Coinciding with this desire to better itself, it is also trying to eliminate data silos, incorrect information and integrate new technology, systems, as well as materials and products. It is, however, struggling to achieve results in order to cope with new pressures from Global trends, like urban migration, population increase and an emerging digital landscape.
The existing stakeholders are struggling with low margins, poor interoperability and the adoption of sporadic technology within industry silos to resolve the issues within their boundaries. Under these conditions, it is highly unlikely that a ‘silver bullet’ will appear: therefore the industry should do what it does best on sites around the world and this is to problem solve. There are enough singular solutions in place and lead users to prove their capabilities, so rather than inventing a new digital solution, the industry must build it from existing pieces. This report aims to capture the pressures the industries forces, to identify significant problems and address these with a collection of solutions, which, when combined have the potential to be transformational platform for the industry. Having spent 13 years in construction, reinvention requires a review of global construction practices; highlighting the collaborations that exist in the field and office to identify technological tools required for transformation. The project will look at the factors impacting the sector, the changing environment of the industry, its lead users and changemakers in order to demonstrate that the solution to help the industry overcome its problems already exists and is just a matter of building it. However, before we build up the solution, one must first dig down to for a solid foundation, which can only be built of data
The Emergent City (2007- 2017): Artistic explorations of the control and the ethics of data
The PhD by Published Works examines selected practice-based artworks made by the author - the artist Stanza - over a ten-year period. This thesis represents an opportunity to reflect back on a body of digital artworks after they have been made and to re-examine the artworks that were conducted through artistic practice-based research and to contextualise them in an academic framework.
This PhD focuses on selected art projects made in the period 2007 to 2017 but are grounded in work under the title The Emergent City developed from the author's AHRC research fellowship at Goldsmiths College, University of London from 2006 to 2009.
The research became an investigation into the ubiquity of real-time data within the city to create new media artworks. The practice resulted from technical investigations via sensor-based inquiry into real-time global observations currently employed via data harvesting technologies which cannot be separated from the artworks made and presented.
This thesis discloses how, through practice-based research, these artworks contribute to the field of new media art by investigating real-time data flows, that simultaneously allow the meaning to be shifted, altered, parsed, and represented back to us, the audience, as art. Furthermore, and in context, the work incorporates inquiry into dataveillance , the smart city and the Internet of Things (IoT).
The body of work The Emergent City incorporates research based digital artworks which are all in turn investigations into archives of these data that are controlled via bespoke online interfaces, which have been reformed and recounted into real-time experiences, as emergent artworks made by the author. The artworks are not only expressions of ideas that create a rich understanding of complex concepts of the contemporary issues of surveillance and privacy. They could also be described as technological demonstrators that cross multi-disciplinary boundaries, including art, computing and urban studies.
Through numerous commissions, and research grants, these artworks have in common that they scrutinised the real-time city as a panoptic control system. Over twenty art projects (2007 - 2017) have been made using live real-time environmental data, surveillance and security data that have been presented and exhibited in various galleries worldwide from the Bruges Museum to the V&A and supported by numerous curators, which will be discussed.
Finally, conclusions drawn at the end relate to the possibilities offered to artists by representing city environments with data and how artworks can enable us to critically reflect upon issues concerning surveillance through data-oriented new media artworks.
The projects are all viewable online at www.stanza.co.uk where all these art projects are archived as online interfaces and online visualizations, as well as data-driven dynamic artworks in the form of large scale installations, or sculptural objects
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