197 research outputs found
Content-Centric Sparse Multicast Beamforming for Cache-Enabled Cloud RAN
This paper presents a content-centric transmission design in a cloud radio
access network (cloud RAN) by incorporating multicasting and caching. Users
requesting a same content form a multicast group and are served by a same
cluster of base stations (BSs) cooperatively. Each BS has a local cache and it
acquires the requested contents either from its local cache or from the central
processor (CP) via backhaul links. We investigate the dynamic content-centric
BS clustering and multicast beamforming with respect to both channel condition
and caching status. We first formulate a mixed-integer nonlinear programming
problem of minimizing the weighted sum of backhaul cost and transmit power
under the quality-of-service constraint for each multicast group. Theoretical
analysis reveals that all the BSs caching a requested content can be included
in the BS cluster of this content, regardless of the channel conditions. Then
we reformulate an equivalent sparse multicast beamforming (SBF) problem. By
adopting smoothed -norm approximation and other techniques, the SBF
problem is transformed into the difference of convex (DC) programs and
effectively solved using the convex-concave procedure algorithms. Simulation
results demonstrate significant advantage of the proposed content-centric
transmission. The effects of three heuristic caching strategies are also
evaluated.Comment: To appear in IEEE Trans. on Wireless Communication
Content-Centric Multicast Beamforming in Cache-Enabled Cloud Radio Access Networks
Multicast transmission and wireless caching are effective ways of reducing
air and backhaul traffic load in wireless networks. This paper proposes to
incorporate these two key ideas for content-centric multicast transmission in a
cloud radio access network (RAN) where multiple base stations (BSs) are
connected to a central processor (CP) via finite-capacity backhaul links. Each
BS has a cache with finite storage size and is equipped with multiple antennas.
The BSs cooperatively transmit contents, which are either stored in the local
cache or fetched from the CP, to multiple users in the network. Users
requesting a same content form a multicast group and are served by a same
cluster of BSs cooperatively using multicast beamforming. Assuming fixed cache
placement, this paper investigates the joint design of multicast beamforming
and content-centric BS clustering by formulating an optimization problem of
minimizing the total network cost under the quality-of-service (QoS)
constraints for each multicast group. The network cost involves both the
transmission power and the backhaul cost. We model the backhaul cost using the
mixed -norm of beamforming vectors. To solve this non-convex
problem, we first approximate it using the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) method
and concave smooth functions. We then propose a difference of convex functions
(DC) programming algorithm to obtain suboptimal solutions and show the
connection of three smooth functions. Simulation results validate the advantage
of multicasting and show the effects of different cache size and caching
policies in cloud RAN.Comment: IEEE Globecom 201
Joint Base Station Clustering and Beamforming for Non-Orthogonal Multicast and Unicast Transmission with Backhaul Constraints
The demand for providing multicast services in cellular networks is
continuously and fastly increasing. In this work, we propose a non-orthogonal
transmission framework based on layered-division multiplexing (LDM) to support
multicast and unicast services concurrently in cooperative multi-cell cellular
networks with limited backhaul capacity. We adopt a two-layer LDM structure
where the first layer is intended for multicast services, the second layer is
for unicast services, and the two layers are superposed with different
beamformers. Each user decodes the multicast message first, subtracts it, and
then decodes its dedicated unicast message. We formulate a joint multicast and
unicast beamforming problem with adaptive base station clustering that aims to
maximize the weighted sum of the multicast rate and the unicast rate under
per-BS power and backhaul constraints. To solve the problem, we first develop a
branch-and-bound algorithm to find its global optimum. We then reformulate the
problem as a sparse beamforming problem and propose a low-complexity algorithm
based on convex-concave procedure. Simulation results demonstrate the
significant superiority of the proposed LDM-based non-orthogonal scheme over
orthogonal schemes in terms of the achievable multicast-unicast rate region.Comment: to appear in IEEE Trans. on Wireless Communication
Backhaul Traffic Balancing and Dynamic Content-Centric Clustering for the Downlink of Fog Radio Access Network
Recently, an evolution of the Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) has been
proposed, named as Fog Radio Access Network (F-RAN). Compared to C-RAN, the
Radio Units (RUs) in F-CAN are equipped with local caches, which can store some
frequently requested files. In the downlink, users requesting the same file
form a multicast group, and are cooperatively served by a cluster of RUs. The
requested file is either available locally in the cache of this cluster or
fetched from the Central Processor (CP) via backhauls. Thus caching some
frequently requested files can greatly reduce the burden on backhaul links.
Whether a specific RU should be involved in a cluster to serve a multicast
group depends on its backhaul capacity, requested files, cached files and the
channel. Therefore it is subject to optimization. In this paper we investigate
the joint design of multicast beamforming, dynamic clustering and backhaul
traffic balancing. Beamforming and clustering are jointly optimized in order to
minimize the power consumed, while QoS of each user is to be met and the
traffic on each backhaul link is balanced according to its capacity.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
Generalized Sparse and Low-Rank Optimization for Ultra-Dense Networks
Ultra-dense network (UDN) is a promising technology to further evolve
wireless networks and meet the diverse performance requirements of 5G networks.
With abundant access points, each with communication, computation and storage
resources, UDN brings unprecedented benefits, including significant improvement
in network spectral efficiency and energy efficiency, greatly reduced latency
to enable novel mobile applications, and the capability of providing massive
access for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. However, such great promises come
with formidable research challenges. To design and operate such complex
networks with various types of resources, efficient and innovative
methodologies will be needed. This motivates the recent introduction of highly
structured and generalizable models for network optimization. In this article,
we present some recently proposed large-scale sparse and low-rank frameworks
for optimizing UDNs, supported by various motivating applications. A special
attention is paid on algorithmic approaches to deal with nonconvex objective
functions and constraints, as well as computational scalability.Comment: This paper has been accepted by IEEE Communication Magazine, Special
Issue on Heterogeneous Ultra Dense Network
Optimized Base-Station Cache Allocation for Cloud Radio Access Network with Multicast Backhaul
The performance of cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is limited by the
finite capacities of the backhaul links connecting the centralized processor
(CP) with the base-stations (BSs), especially when the backhaul is implemented
in a wireless medium. This paper proposes the use of wireless multicast
together with BS caching, where the BSs pre-store contents of popular files, to
augment the backhaul of C-RAN. For a downlink C-RAN consisting of a single
cluster of BSs and wireless backhaul, this paper studies the optimal cache size
allocation strategy among the BSs and the optimal multicast beamforming
transmission strategy at the CP such that the user's requested messages are
delivered from the CP to the BSs in the most efficient way. We first state a
multicast backhaul rate expression based on a joint cache-channel coding
scheme, which implies that larger cache sizes should be allocated to the BSs
with weaker channels. We then formulate a two-timescale joint cache size
allocation and beamforming design problem, where the cache is optimized offline
based on the long-term channel statistical information, while the beamformer is
designed during the file delivery phase based on the instantaneous channel
state information. By leveraging the sample approximation method and the
alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), we develop efficient
algorithms for optimizing cache size allocation among the BSs, and quantify how
much more cache should be allocated to the weaker BSs. We further consider the
case with multiple files having different popularities and show that it is in
general not optimal to entirely cache the most popular files first. Numerical
results show considerable performance improvement of the optimized cache size
allocation scheme over the uniform allocation and other heuristic schemes.Comment: Accepted and to appear in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
Communications, Special Issue on Caching for Communication Systems and
Network
Joint Long-Term Cache Allocation and Short-Term Content Delivery in Green Cloud Small Cell Networks
Recent years have witnessed an exponential growth of mobile data traffic,
which may lead to a serious traffic burn on the wireless networks and
considerable power consumption. Network densification and edge caching are
effective approaches to addressing these challenges. In this study, we
investigate joint long-term cache allocation and short-term content delivery in
cloud small cell networks (C-SCNs), where multiple smallcell BSs (SBSs) are
connected to the central processor via fronthaul and can store popular contents
so as to reduce the duplicated transmissions in networks. Accordingly, a
long-term power minimization problem is formulated by jointly optimizing
multicast beamforming, BS clustering, and cache allocation under quality of
service (QoS) and storage constraints. The resultant mixed timescale design
problem is an anticausal problem because the optimal cache allocation depends
on the future file requests. To handle it, a two-stage optimization scheme is
proposed by utilizing historical knowledge of users' requests and channel state
information. Specifically, the online content delivery design is tackled with a
penalty-based approach, and the periodic cache updating is optimized with a
distributed alternating method. Simulation results indicate that the proposed
scheme significantly outperforms conventional schemes and performs extremely
close to a genie-aided lower bound in the low caching region.Comment: ICC 201
Power Minimization for Wireless Backhaul Based Ultra-Dense Cache-enabled C-RAN
This correspondence paper investigates joint design of small base station
(SBS) clustering, multicast beamforming for access and backhaul links, as well
as frequency allocation in backhaul transmission to minimize the total power
consumption for wireless backhaul based ultra-dense cache-enabled cloud radio
access network (C-RAN). To solve this nontrivial problem, we develop a
low-complexity algorithm, which is a combination of smoothed approximation and convex-concave procedure. Simulation
results show that the proposed algorithm converges fast and greatly reduces the
backhaul traffic
Interference Mitigation via Rate-Splitting and Common Message Decoding in Cloud Radio Access Networks
Cloud-radio access networks (C-RAN) help overcoming the scarcity of radio
resources by enabling dense deployment of base-stations (BSs), and connecting
them to a central-processor (CP). This paper considers the downlink of a C-RAN,
where the cloud is connected to the BSs via limited-capacity backhaul links.
The paper proposes splitting the message of each user into two parts, a private
part decodable at the intended user only, and a common part which can be
decoded at a subset of users, as a means to enable large-scale interference
management in CRAN. To this end, the paper optimizes a transmission scheme that
combines rate splitting (RS), common message decoding (CMD), clustering and
coordinated beamforming. The paper focuses on maximizing the weighted sum-rate
subject to per-BS backhaul capacity and transmit power constraints, so as to
jointly determine the RS-CMD mode of transmission, the cluster of BSs serving
private and common messages of each user, and the associated beamforming
vectors of each user private and common messages. The paper proposes solving
such a complicated non-convex optimization problem using -norm relaxation
techniques, followed by inner-convex approximations (ICA), so as to achieve
stationary solutions to the relaxed non-convex problem. Numerical results show
that the proposed method provides significant performance gain as compared to
conventional interference mitigation techniques in CRAN which treat
interference as noise (TIN)
Caching at Base Stations with Multi-Cluster Multicast Wireless Backhaul via Accelerated First-Order Algorithm
Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) has been recognized as a promising
architecture for next-generation wireless systems to \textcolor{black}{support}
the rapidly increasing demand for higher data rate. However, the performance of
C-RAN is limited by the backhaul capacities, especially for the wireless
deployment. While C-RAN with fixed BS caching has been demonstrated to reduce
backhaul consumption, it is more challenging to further optimize the cache
allocation at BSs with multi-cluster multicast backhaul, where the
inter-cluster interference induces additional non-convexity to the cache
optimization problem. Despite the challenges, we propose an accelerated
first-order algorithm, which achieves much higher content downloading sum-rate
than a second-order algorithm running for the same amount of time. Simulation
results demonstrate that, by simultaneously delivering the required contents to
different multicast clusters, the proposed algorithm achieves significantly
higher downloading sum-rate than those of time-division single-cluster
transmission schemes. Moreover, it is found that the proposed algorithm
allocates larger cache sizes to the farther BSs within the nearer clusters,
which provides insight to the superiority of the proposed cache allocation.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted by IEEE Transactions on Wireless
Communication
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