Study of Fingerprint Enhancement and Matching

Fingerprint is the oldest and popular form of bio-metric identification. Extract Minutiae is most used method for automatic fingerprint matching, every person fingerprint has some unique characteristics called minutiae. But studying the extract minutiae from the fingerprint images and matching it with database is depend on the image quality of finger impression. To make sure the performance of finger impression identification we have to robust the quality of fingerprint image by a suitable fingerprint enhancement algorithm. Here we work with a quick finger impression enhancement algorithm that improve the lucidity of valley and ridge structure based on estimated local orientation and frequency. After enhancement of sample fingerprint, sample fingerprint is matched with the database fingerprints, for that we had done feature extraction, minutiae representation and registration. But due to Spurious and missing minutiae the accuracy of fingerprint matching affected. We had done a detail relevant finger impression matching method build on the Shape Context descriptor, where the hybrid shape and orientation descriptor solve the problem. Hybrid shape descriptor filter out the unnatural minutia paring and ridge orientation descriptor improve the matching score. Matching score is generated and utilized for measuring the accuracy of execution of the proposed algorithm. Results demonstrated that the algorithm is exceptionally satisfactory for recognizing fingerprints acquired from diverse sources. Experimental results demonstrate enhancement algorithm also improves the matching accuracy

Fingerprint Matching Method Using Minutiae Clustering and Warping

Abstract. Solving non-linear distortion problems in fingerprint matching is important and still remains as a challenging topic. We have developed a new fingerprint matching method to deal with non-linear distortion problems efficiently by clustering locally matched minutiae and warping the fingerprint surface using minutiae clusters. Specifically, local invariant structures encoding the neighborhood information of each minutia are utilized in clustering the matched minutiae and then the fingerprint surface is warped to describe the deformation pattern properly. Finally, to make an additional increase in performance, the overlapped region of two fingerprints is considered in the score computation stage. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is performed best compared with other ones. I

An evaluation of the mechanisms of recovery of DNA and fingerprints from fire scenes

Incidents involving the intentional or deliberate setting of a fire within a compartment are frequently difficult to investigate both because of the damage to the property in question and the apparent lack of forensic evidence which could be used to potentially identify a suspect. The recovery of such evidence in the form of DNA and fingerprints from a fire scene would therefore be advantageous. During this project, replicate samples of DNA and fingerprints were deposited on both porous and non porous surfaces which were then exposed to laboratory controlled elevated temperatures for various time periods. In each case replicate DNA samples or replicate depleted series of fingerprint samples were used to produce robust data sets for subsequent statistical analysis. DNA and fingerprint samples were also exposed to a real fire environment using a fire training facility in order to simulate operational conditions. The results obtained suggest that the optimum recovery method for low template DNA was to use a wet followed by a dry cotton swabbing action of the surface before combining the two swabs for extraction. When the DNA was exposed to elevated temperatures in a controlled environment, there was a greater possibility of recovering a full SGM Plus profile if the DNA had been absorbed into a porous rather than non porous surface and the surface exposed up to a maximum of 100˚C only. All of the samples which were exposed to the uncontrollable fire environment produced partial DNA profiles. The survivability and chemical enhancement of fingerprints deposited on both porous and non porous surfaces was robustly investigated where 70 replicate fingerprints were examined in each case for each test condition. For porous surfaces the most efficient sequence of enhancement techniques was an initial visual examination, followed by a fluorescence examination prior to treatment with DFO, and finally PD. It was found that this sequence could be employed for both wet and dry articles. In the case of dry, non porous surfaces, visual examination followed by fluorescence examination should be utilised prior to undertaking superglue - BY40 treatment. Powder suspension should be substituted for superglue in the case of wet items.Incidents involving the intentional or deliberate setting of a fire within a compartment are frequently difficult to investigate both because of the damage to the property in question and the apparent lack of forensic evidence which could be used to potentially identify a suspect. The recovery of such evidence in the form of DNA and fingerprints from a fire scene would therefore be advantageous. During this project, replicate samples of DNA and fingerprints were deposited on both porous and non porous surfaces which were then exposed to laboratory controlled elevated temperatures for various time periods. In each case replicate DNA samples or replicate depleted series of fingerprint samples were used to produce robust data sets for subsequent statistical analysis. DNA and fingerprint samples were also exposed to a real fire environment using a fire training facility in order to simulate operational conditions. The results obtained suggest that the optimum recovery method for low template DNA was to use a wet followed by a dry cotton swabbing action of the surface before combining the two swabs for extraction. When the DNA was exposed to elevated temperatures in a controlled environment, there was a greater possibility of recovering a full SGM Plus profile if the DNA had been absorbed into a porous rather than non porous surface and the surface exposed up to a maximum of 100˚C only. All of the samples which were exposed to the uncontrollable fire environment produced partial DNA profiles. The survivability and chemical enhancement of fingerprints deposited on both porous and non porous surfaces was robustly investigated where 70 replicate fingerprints were examined in each case for each test condition. For porous surfaces the most efficient sequence of enhancement techniques was an initial visual examination, followed by a fluorescence examination prior to treatment with DFO, and finally PD. It was found that this sequence could be employed for both wet and dry articles. In the case of dry, non porous surfaces, visual examination followed by fluorescence examination should be utilised prior to undertaking superglue - BY40 treatment. Powder suspension should be substituted for superglue in the case of wet items