11,621 research outputs found
Place attachment in deprived neighbourhoods: The impacts of population turnover and social mix
This paper examines the determinants of individual place attachment, focussing in particular on differences between deprived and others neighbourhoods, and on the impacts of population turnover and social mix. It uses a multi-level modelling approach to take account of both individual- and neighbourhood-level determinants. Data are drawn from a large sample government survey, the Citizenship Survey 2005, to which a variety of neighbourhood-level data have been attached. The paper argues that attachment is significantly lower in more deprived neighbourhoods primarily because these areas have weaker social cohesion but that, in other respects, the drivers of attachment are the same. Turnover has modest direct impacts on attachment through its effect on social cohesion. Social mix has very limited impacts on attachment and the effects vary between social groups. In general, higher status or more dominant groups appear less tolerant of social mix
A place-focused model for social networks in cities
The focused organization theory of social ties proposes that the structure of
human social networks can be arranged around extra-network foci, which can
include shared physical spaces such as homes, workplaces, restaurants, and so
on. Until now, this has been difficult to investigate on a large scale, but the
huge volume of data available from online location-based social services now
makes it possible to examine the friendships and mobility of many thousands of
people, and to investigate the relationship between meetings at places and the
structure of the social network. In this paper, we analyze a large dataset from
Foursquare, the most popular online location-based social network. We examine
the properties of city-based social networks, finding that they have common
structural properties, and that the category of place where two people meet has
very strong influence on the likelihood of their being friends. Inspired by
these observations in combination with the focused organization theory, we then
present a model to generate city-level social networks, and show that it
produces networks with the structural properties seen in empirical data.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures. IEEE/ASE SocialCom 201
Comparing community structure identification
We compare recent approaches to community structure identification in terms
of sensitivity and computational cost. The recently proposed modularity measure
is revisited and the performance of the methods as applied to ad hoc networks
with known community structure, is compared. We find that the most accurate
methods tend to be more computationally expensive, and that both aspects need
to be considered when choosing a method for practical purposes. The work is
intended as an introduction as well as a proposal for a standard benchmark test
of community detection methods.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. v2: condensed, updated version as
appears in JSTA
Large-scale structure of a nation-wide production network
Production in an economy is a set of firms' activities as suppliers and
customers; a firm buys goods from other firms, puts value added and sells
products to others in a giant network of production. Empirical study is lacking
despite the fact that the structure of the production network is important to
understand and make models for many aspects of dynamics in economy. We study a
nation-wide production network comprising a million firms and millions of
supplier-customer links by using recent statistical methods developed in
physics. We show in the empirical analysis scale-free degree distribution,
disassortativity, correlation of degree to firm-size, and community structure
having sectoral and regional modules. Since suppliers usually provide credit to
their customers, who supply it to theirs in turn, each link is actually a
creditor-debtor relationship. We also study chains of failures or bankruptcies
that take place along those links in the network, and corresponding
avalanche-size distribution.Comment: 17 pages with 8 figures; revised section VI and references adde
Fast community structure local uncovering by independent vertex-centred process
This paper addresses the task of community detection and proposes a local
approach based on a distributed list building, where each vertex broadcasts
basic information that only depends on its degree and that of its neighbours. A
decentralised external process then unveils the community structure. The
relevance of the proposed method is experimentally shown on both artificial and
real data.Comment: 2015 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks
Analysis and Mining, Aug 2015, Paris, France. Proceedings of the 2015
IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and
Minin
- …