286 research outputs found
MIMO-UFMC Transceiver Schemes for Millimeter Wave Wireless Communications
The UFMC modulation is among the most considered solutions for the
realization of beyond-OFDM air interfaces for future wireless networks. This
paper focuses on the design and analysis of an UFMC transceiver equipped with
multiple antennas and operating at millimeter wave carrier frequencies. The
paper provides the full mathematical model of a MIMO-UFMC transceiver, taking
into account the presence of hybrid analog/digital beamformers at both ends of
the communication links. Then, several detection structures are proposed, both
for the case of single-packet isolated transmission, and for the case of
multiple-packet continuous transmission. In the latter situation, the paper
also considers the case in which no guard time among adjacent packets is
inserted, trading off an increased level of interference with higher values of
spectral efficiency. At the analysis stage, the several considered detection
structures and transmission schemes are compared in terms of bit-error-rate,
root-mean-square-error, and system throughput. The numerical results show that
the proposed transceiver algorithms are effective and that the linear MMSE data
detector is capable of well managing the increased interference brought by the
removal of guard times among consecutive packets, thus yielding throughput
gains of about 10 - 13 . The effect of phase noise at the receiver is also
numerically assessed, and it is shown that the recursive implementation of the
linear MMSE exhibits some degree of robustness against this disturbance
Single-Carrier Modulation versus OFDM for Millimeter-Wave Wireless MIMO
This paper presents results on the achievable spectral efficiency and on the
energy efficiency for a wireless multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) link
operating at millimeter wave frequencies (mmWave) in a typical 5G scenario. Two
different single-carrier modem schemes are considered, i.e., a traditional
modulation scheme with linear equalization at the receiver, and a
single-carrier modulation with cyclic prefix, frequency-domain equalization and
FFT-based processing at the receiver; these two schemes are compared with a
conventional MIMO-OFDM transceiver structure. Our analysis jointly takes into
account the peculiar characteristics of MIMO channels at mmWave frequencies,
the use of hybrid (analog-digital) pre-coding and post-coding beamformers, the
finite cardinality of the modulation structure, and the non-linear behavior of
the transmitter power amplifiers. Our results show that the best performance is
achieved by single-carrier modulation with time-domain equalization, which
exhibits the smallest loss due to the non-linear distortion, and whose
performance can be further improved by using advanced equalization schemes.
Results also confirm that performance gets severely degraded when the link
length exceeds 90-100 meters and the transmit power falls below 0 dBW.Comment: accepted for publication on IEEE Transactions on Communication
Channel estimation techniques for filter bank multicarrier based transceivers for next generation of wireless networks
A dissertation submitted to Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering (Electrical and Information Engineering), August 2017The fourth generation (4G) of wireless communication system is designed based on the principles of cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) where the cyclic prefix (CP) is used to combat inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI) in order to achieve higher data rates in comparison to the previous generations of wireless networks. Various filter bank multicarrier systems have been considered as potential waveforms for the fast emerging next generation (xG) of wireless networks (especially the fifth generation (5G) networks). Some examples of the considered waveforms are orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with offset quadrature amplitude modulation based filter bank, universal filtered multicarrier (UFMC), bi-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (BFDM) and generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM). In perfect reconstruction (PR) or near perfect reconstruction (NPR) filter bank designs, these aforementioned FBMC waveforms adopt the use of well-designed prototype filters (which are used for designing the synthesis and analysis filter banks) so as to either replace or minimize the CP usage of the 4G networks in order to provide higher spectral efficiencies for the overall increment in data rates. The accurate designing of the FIR low-pass prototype filter in NPR filter banks results in minimal signal distortions thus, making the analysis filter bank a time-reversed version of the corresponding synthesis filter bank. However, in non-perfect reconstruction (Non-PR) the analysis filter bank is not directly a time-reversed version of the corresponding synthesis filter bank as the prototype filter impulse response for this system is formulated (in this dissertation) by the introduction of randomly generated errors. Hence, aliasing and amplitude distortions are more prominent for Non-PR.
Channel estimation (CE) is used to predict the behaviour of the frequency selective channel and is usually adopted to ensure excellent reconstruction of the transmitted symbols. These techniques can be broadly classified as pilot based, semi-blind and blind channel estimation schemes. In this dissertation, two linear pilot based CE techniques namely the least square (LS) and linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE), and three adaptive channel estimation schemes namely least mean square (LMS), normalized least mean square (NLMS) and recursive least square (RLS) are presented, analyzed and documented. These are implemented while exploiting the near orthogonality properties of offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM) to mitigate the effects of interference for two filter bank waveforms (i.e. OFDM/OQAM and GFDM/OQAM) for the next generation of wireless networks assuming conditions of both NPR and Non-PR in slow and fast frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel. Results obtained from the computer simulations carried out showed that the channel estimation schemes performed better in an NPR filter bank system as compared with Non-PR filter banks. The low performance of Non-PR system is due to the amplitude distortion and aliasing introduced from the random errors generated in the system that is used to design its prototype filters. It can be concluded that RLS, NLMS, LMS, LMMSE and LS channel estimation schemes offered the best normalized mean square error (NMSE) and bit error rate (BER) performances (in decreasing order) for both waveforms assuming both NPR and Non-PR filter banks.
Keywords: Channel estimation, Filter bank, OFDM/OQAM, GFDM/OQAM, NPR, Non-PR, 5G, Frequency selective channel.CK201
Waveform Design for 5G and Beyond
5G is envisioned to improve major key performance indicators (KPIs), such as
peak data rate, spectral efficiency, power consumption, complexity, connection
density, latency, and mobility. This chapter aims to provide a complete picture
of the ongoing 5G waveform discussions and overviews the major candidates. It
provides a brief description of the waveform and reveals the 5G use cases and
waveform design requirements. The chapter presents the main features of cyclic
prefix-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) that is deployed in
4G LTE systems. CP-OFDM is the baseline of the 5G waveform discussions since
the performance of a new waveform is usually compared with it. The chapter
examines the essential characteristics of the major waveform candidates along
with the related advantages and disadvantages. It summarizes and compares the
key features of different waveforms.Comment: 22 pages, 21 figures, 2 tables; accepted version (The URL for the
final version:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119333142.ch2
Intersymbol and Intercarrier Interference in OFDM Transmissions through Highly Dispersive Channels
This work quantifies, for the first time, intersymbol and intercarrier
interferences induced by very dispersive channels in OFDM systems. The
resulting achievable data rate for \wam{suboptimal} OFDM transmissions is
derived based on the computation of signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio for
arbitrary length finite duration channel impulse responses. Simulation results
point to significant differences between data rates obtained via conventional
formulations, for which interferences are supposed to be limited to two or
three blocks, versus the data rates considering the actual channel dispersion
A Link Quality Model for Generalised Frequency Division Multiplexing
5G systems aim to achieve extremely high data rates, low end-to-end latency
and ultra-low power consumption. Recently, there has been considerable interest
in the design of 5G physical layer waveforms. One important candidate is
Generalised Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM). In order to evaluate its
performance and features, system-level studies should be undertaken in a range
of scenarios. These studies, however, require highly complex computations if
they are performed using bit-level simulators. In this paper, the Mutual
Information (MI) based link quality model (PHY abstraction), which has been
regularly used to implement system-level studies for Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiplexing (OFDM), is applied to GFDM. The performance of the GFDM
waveform using this model and the bit-level simulation performance is measured
using different channel types. Moreover, a system-level study for a GFDM based
LTE-A system in a realistic scenario, using both a bit-level simulator and this
abstraction model, has been studied and compared. The results reveal the
accuracy of this model using realistic channel data. Based on these results,
the PHY abstraction technique can be applied to evaluate the performance of
GFDM based systems in an effective manner with low complexity. The maximum
difference in the Packet Error Rate (PER) and throughput results in the
abstraction case compared to bit-level simulation does not exceed 4% whilst
offering a simulation time saving reduction of around 62,000 times.Comment: 5 pages, 8 figures, accepted in VTC- spring 201
Intersymbol and Intercarrier Interference in OFDM Systems: Unified Formulation and Analysis
A unified matrix formulation is presented for the analysis of intersymbol and
intercarrier interference in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)
systems. The proposed formulation relies on six parameters and allows studying
various schemes, including those with windowing in the transmitter and/or in
the receiver (called windowed OFDM systems), which may add cyclic suffix and/or
cyclic prefix (CP), besides the conventional CP-OFDM. The proposed framework
encompasses seven different OFDM systems. It considers the overlap-and-add
procedure performed in the transmitter of windowed OFDM systems, being jointly
formulated with the channel convolution. The intersymbol and intercarrier
interference, caused when the order of the channel impulse response is higher
than the number of CP samples, is characterized. A new equivalent channel
matrix that is useful for calculating both the received signal and the
interference power is defined and characterized. Unlike previous works, this
new channel matrix has no restrictions on the length of the channel impulse
response, which means that the study is not constrained to the particular case
of two or three data blocks interfering in the received signal. Theoretical
expressions for the powers of three different kinds of interference are
derived. These expressions allow calculating the
signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, useful for computing the data rate of
each OFDM system. The proposed formulation is applied to realistic examples,
showing its effectiveness through comparisons based on numerical performance
assessments of the considered OFDM systems
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