Security Engineering of Patient-Centered Health Care Information Systems in Peer-to-Peer Environments: Systematic Review

Background: Patient-centered health care information systems (PHSs) enable patients to take control and become knowledgeable about their own health, preferably in a secure environment. Current and emerging PHSs use either a centralized database, peer-to-peer (P2P) technology, or distributed ledger technology for PHS deployment. The evolving COVID-19 decentralized Bluetooth-based tracing systems are examples of disease-centric P2P PHSs. Although using P2P technology for the provision of PHSs can be flexible, scalable, resilient to a single point of failure, and inexpensive for patients, the use of health information on P2P networks poses major security issues as users must manage information security largely by themselves. Objective: This study aims to identify the inherent security issues for PHS deployment in P2P networks and how they can be overcome. In addition, this study reviews different P2P architectures and proposes a suitable architecture for P2P PHS deployment. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) reporting guidelines. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. We searched the following databases: IEEE Digital Library, PubMed, Science Direct, ACM Digital Library, Scopus, and Semantic Scholar. The search was conducted on articles published between 2008 and 2020. The Common Vulnerability Scoring System was used as a guide for rating security issues. Results: Our findings are consolidated into 8 key security issues associated with PHS implementation and deployment on P2P networks and 7 factors promoting them. Moreover, we propose a suitable architecture for P2P PHSs and guidelines for the provision of PHSs while maintaining information security. Conclusions: Despite the clear advantages of P2P PHSs, the absence of centralized controls and inconsistent views of the network on some P2P systems have profound adverse impacts in terms of security. The security issues identified in this study need to be addressed to increase patients\u27 intention to use PHSs on P2P networks by making them safe to use

Active Youth & Passive Design: Addressing Crime through Design of "Safe Space" in Paukukalo, Maui

Recreational youth centers play a key role in shaping safer communities and can provide a sense of security within a neighborhood. The purpose of a youth center is to provide a safe, positive environment for adolescents and teens to learn and develop social skills. The facility becomes an intermediate space between home and school, which children can call their own. The success of a youth center depends on architectural aspects such as tectonic form, space, and programming. The organization of space is a critical factor in the design as each area should maintain faculty supervision while providing the youth a feeling of independence and security. The building becomes a “safe space” and a place of alternative entertainment for youth. In addition, the youth center staff act as positive role models and help guide adolescents through this important transition stages in their lives. Over the past decade, statistics show that Hawaii’s crime index has been consistently listed within the top 20 as compared to the rest of the nation. Violence amongst youth has become the second leading cause of death for those between ages 10-24. Through analysis of crime data, surveys, and historical analysis, this research will determine the main types of juvenile crime incidents that occur among adolescents and teens between ages 6-17 in Hawaii, specifically on Maui. A study of how architecture correlates to crime and how different design aspects of a building can affect the number of crimes committed in a given area will be conducted through a literature review of existing knowledge, including Oscar Newman’s comprehensive study on Defensible Space and Architectural Design for Crime Prevention, and the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach. In addition to existing knowledge on the subject of architecture and crime, surveys will be conducted in order to gain feedback from residents in the particular area of research. The combination of both existing and new knowledge gathered about architectural design and its correlation to crime will then be applied to recreational youth center design. The purpose of this research will be to provide guidelines for future youth facilities that will incorporate various architectural methods for creating safe spaces. The end result and goal of using architecture to create safe spaces for youths is to ultimately reduce crime in urban and residential areas on Maui.Recreational youth centers play a key role in shaping safer communities and can provide a sense of security within a neighborhood. The purpose of a youth center is to provide a safe, positive environment for adolescents and teens to learn and develop social skills. The facility becomes an intermediate space between home and school, which children can call their own. The success of a youth center depends on architectural aspects such as tectonic form, space, and programming. The organization of space is a critical factor in the design as each area should maintain faculty supervision while providing the youth a feeling of independence and security. The building becomes a “safe space” and a place of alternative entertainment for youth. In addition, the youth center staff act as positive role models and help guide adolescents through this important transition stages in their lives. Over the past decade, statistics show that Hawaii’s crime index has been consistently listed within the top 20 as compared to the rest of the nation. Violence amongst youth has become the second leading cause of death for those between ages 10-24. Through analysis of crime data, surveys, and historical analysis, this research will determine the main types of juvenile crime incidents that occur among adolescents and teens between ages 6-17 in Hawaii, specifically on Maui. A study of how architecture correlates to crime and how different design aspects of a building can affect the number of crimes committed in a given area will be conducted through a literature review of existing knowledge, including Oscar Newman’s comprehensive study on Defensible Space and Architectural Design for Crime Prevention, and the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach. In addition to existing knowledge on the subject of architecture and crime, surveys will be conducted in order to gain feedback from residents in the particular area of research. The combination of both existing and new knowledge gathered about architectural design and its correlation to crime will then be applied to recreational youth center design. The purpose of this research will be to provide guidelines for future youth facilities that will incorporate various architectural methods for creating safe spaces. The end result and goal of using architecture to create safe spaces for youths is to ultimately reduce crime in urban and residential areas on Maui.Recreational youth centers play a key role in shaping safer communities and can provide a sense of security within a neighborhood. The purpose of a youth center is to provide a safe, positive environment for adolescents and teens to learn and develop social skills. The facility becomes an intermediate space between home and school, which children can call their own. The success of a youth center depends on architectural aspects such as tectonic form, space, and programming. The organization of space is a critical factor in the design as each area should maintain faculty supervision while providing the youth a feeling of independence and security. The building becomes a “safe space” and a place of alternative entertainment for youth. In addition, the youth center staff act as positive role models and help guide adolescents through this important transition stages in their lives. Over the past decade, statistics show that Hawaii’s crime index has been consistently listed within the top 20 as compared to the rest of the nation. Violence amongst youth has become the second leading cause of death for those between ages 10-24. Through analysis of crime data, surveys, and historical analysis, this research will determine the main types of juvenile crime incidents that occur among adolescents and teens between ages 6-17 in Hawaii, specifically on Maui. A study of how architecture correlates to crime and how different design aspects of a building can affect the number of crimes committed in a given area will be conducted through a literature review of existing knowledge, including Oscar Newman’s comprehensive study on Defensible Space and Architectural Design for Crime Prevention, and the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach. In addition to existing knowledge on the subject of architecture and crime, surveys will be conducted in order to gain feedback from residents in the particular area of research. The combination of both existing and new knowledge gathered about architectural design and its correlation to crime will then be applied to recreational youth center design. The purpose of this research will be to provide guidelines for future youth facilities that will incorporate various architectural methods for creating safe spaces. The end result and goal of using architecture to create safe spaces for youths is to ultimately reduce crime in urban and residential areas on Maui.Recreational youth centers play a key role in shaping safer communities and can provide a sense of security within a neighborhood. The purpose of a youth center is to provide a safe, positive environment for adolescents and teens to learn and develop social skills. The facility becomes an intermediate space between home and school, which children can call their own. The success of a youth center depends on architectural aspects such as tectonic form, space, and programming. The organization of space is a critical factor in the design as each area should maintain faculty supervision while providing the youth a feeling of independence and security. The building becomes a “safe space” and a place of alternative entertainment for youth. In addition, the youth center staff act as positive role models and help guide adolescents through this important transition stages in their lives. Over the past decade, statistics show that Hawaii’s crime index has been consistently listed within the top 20 as compared to the rest of the nation. Violence amongst youth has become the second leading cause of death for those between ages 10-24. Through analysis of crime data, surveys, and historical analysis, this research will determine the main types of juvenile crime incidents that occur among adolescents and teens between ages 6-17 in Hawaii, specifically on Maui. A study of how architecture correlates to crime and how different design aspects of a building can affect the number of crimes committed in a given area will be conducted through a literature review of existing knowledge, including Oscar Newman’s comprehensive study on Defensible Space and Architectural Design for Crime Prevention, and the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach. In addition to existing knowledge on the subject of architecture and crime, surveys will be conducted in order to gain feedback from residents in the particular area of research. The combination of both existing and new knowledge gathered about architectural design and its correlation to crime will then be applied to recreational youth center design. The purpose of this research will be to provide guidelines for future youth facilities that will incorporate various architectural methods for creating safe spaces. The end result and goal of using architecture to create safe spaces for youths is to ultimately reduce crime in urban and residential areas on Maui.Recreational youth centers play a key role in shaping safer communities and can provide a sense of security within a neighborhood. The purpose of a youth center is to provide a safe, positive environment for adolescents and teens to learn and develop social skills. The facility becomes an intermediate space between home and school, which children can call their own. The success of a youth center depends on architectural aspects such as tectonic form, space, and programming. The organization of space is a critical factor in the design as each area should maintain faculty supervision while providing the youth a feeling of independence and security. The building becomes a “safe space” and a place of alternative entertainment for youth. In addition, the youth center staff act as positive role models and help guide adolescents through this important transition stages in their lives. Over the past decade, statistics show that Hawaii’s crime index has been consistently listed within the top 20 as compared to the rest of the nation. Violence amongst youth has become the second leading cause of death for those between ages 10-24. Through analysis of crime data, surveys, and historical analysis, this research will determine the main types of juvenile crime incidents that occur among adolescents and teens between ages 6-17 in Hawaii, specifically on Maui. A study of how architecture correlates to crime and how different design aspects of a building can affect the number of crimes committed in a given area will be conducted through a literature review of existing knowledge, including Oscar Newman’s comprehensive study on Defensible Space and Architectural Design for Crime Prevention, and the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach. In addition to existing knowledge on the subject of architecture and crime, surveys will be conducted in order to gain feedback from residents in the particular area of research. The combination of both existing and new knowledge gathered about architectural design and its correlation to crime will then be applied to recreational youth center design. The purpose of this research will be to provide guidelines for future youth facilities that will incorporate various architectural methods for creating safe spaces. The end result and goal of using architecture to create safe spaces for youths is to ultimately reduce crime in urban and residential areas on Maui.Recreational youth centers play a key role in shaping safer communities and can provide a sense of security within a neighborhood. The purpose of a youth center is to provide a safe, positive environment for adolescents and teens to learn and develop social skills. The facility becomes an intermediate space between home and school, which children can call their own. The success of a youth center depends on architectural aspects such as tectonic form, space, and programming. The organization of space is a critical factor in the design as each area should maintain faculty supervision while providing the youth a feeling of independence and security. The building becomes a “safe space” and a place of alternative entertainment for youth. In addition, the youth center staff act as positive role models and help guide adolescents through this important transition stages in their lives. Over the past decade, statistics show that Hawaii’s crime index has been consistently listed within the top 20 as compared to the rest of the nation. Violence amongst youth has become the second leading cause of death for those between ages 10-24. Through analysis of crime data, surveys, and historical analysis, this research will determine the main types of juvenile crime incidents that occur among adolescents and teens between ages 6-17 in Hawaii, specifically on Maui. A study of how architecture correlates to crime and how different design aspects of a building can affect the number of crimes committed in a given area will be conducted through a literature review of existing knowledge, including Oscar Newman’s comprehensive study on Defensible Space and Architectural Design for Crime Prevention, and the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach. In addition to existing knowledge on the subject of architecture and crime, surveys will be conducted in order to gain feedback from residents in the particular area of research. The combination of both existing and new knowledge gathered about architectural design and its correlation to crime will then be applied to recreational youth center design. The purpose of this research will be to provide guidelines for future youth facilities that will incorporate various architectural methods for creating safe spaces. The end result and goal of using architecture to create safe spaces for youths is to ultimately reduce crime in urban and residential areas on Maui.Recreational youth centers play a key role in shaping safer communities and can provide a sense of security within a neighborhood. The purpose of a youth center is to provide a safe, positive environment for adolescents and teens to learn and develop social skills. The facility becomes an intermediate space between home and school, which children can call their own. The success of a youth center depends on architectural aspects such as tectonic form, space, and programming. The organization of space is a critical factor in the design as each area should maintain faculty supervision while providing the youth a feeling of independence and security. The building becomes a “safe space” and a place of alternative entertainment for youth. In addition, the youth center staff act as positive role models and help guide adolescents through this important transition stages in their lives. Over the past decade, statistics show that Hawaii’s crime index has been consistently listed within the top 20 as compared to the rest of the nation. Violence amongst youth has become the second leading cause of death for those between ages 10-24. Through analysis of crime data, surveys, and historical analysis, this research will determine the main types of juvenile crime incidents that occur among adolescents and teens between ages 6-17 in Hawaii, specifically on Maui. A study of how architecture correlates to crime and how different design aspects of a building can affect the number of crimes committed in a given area will be conducted through a literature review of existing knowledge, including Oscar Newman’s comprehensive study on Defensible Space and Architectural Design for Crime Prevention, and the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach. In addition to existing knowledge on the subject of architecture and crime, surveys will be conducted in order to gain feedback from residents in the particular area of research. The combination of both existing and new knowledge gathered about architectural design and its correlation to crime will then be applied to recreational youth center design. The purpose of this research will be to provide guidelines for future youth facilities that will incorporate various architectural methods for creating safe spaces. The end result and goal of using architecture to create safe spaces for youths is to ultimately reduce crime in urban and residential areas on Maui.Recreational youth centers play a key role in shaping safer communities and can provide a sense of security within a neighborhood. The purpose of a youth center is to provide a safe, positive environment for adolescents and teens to learn and develop social skills. The facility becomes an intermediate space between home and school, which children can call their own. The success of a youth center depends on architectural aspects such as tectonic form, space, and programming. The organization of space is a critical factor in the design as each area should maintain faculty supervision while providing the youth a feeling of independence and security. The building becomes a “safe space” and a place of alternative entertainment for youth. In addition, the youth center staff act as positive role models and help guide adolescents through this important transition stages in their lives. Over the past decade, statistics show that Hawaii’s crime index has been consistently listed within the top 20 as compared to the rest of the nation. Violence amongst youth has become the second leading cause of death for those between ages 10-24. Through analysis of crime data, surveys, and historical analysis, this research will determine the main types of juvenile crime incidents that occur among adolescents and teens between ages 6-17 in Hawaii, specifically on Maui. A study of how architecture correlates to crime and how different design aspects of a building can affect the number of crimes committed in a given area will be conducted through a literature review of existing knowledge, including Oscar Newman’s comprehensive study on Defensible Space and Architectural Design for Crime Prevention, and the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach. In addition to existing knowledge on the subject of architecture and crime, surveys will be conducted in order to gain feedback from residents in the particular area of research. The combination of both existing and new knowledge gathered about architectural design and its correlation to crime will then be applied to recreational youth center design. The purpose of this research will be to provide guidelines for future youth facilities that will incorporate various architectural methods for creating safe spaces. The end result and goal of using architecture to create safe spaces for youths is to ultimately reduce crime in urban and residential areas on Maui.Recreational youth centers play a key role in shaping safer communities and can provide a sense of security within a neighborhood. The purpose of a youth center is to provide a safe, positive environment for adolescents and teens to learn and develop social skills. The facility becomes an intermediate space between home and school, which children can call their own. The success of a youth center depends on architectural aspects such as tectonic form, space, and programming. The organization of space is a critical factor in the design as each area should maintain faculty supervision while providing the youth a feeling of independence and security. The building becomes a “safe space” and a place of alternative entertainment for youth. In addition, the youth center staff act as positive role models and help guide adolescents through this important transition stages in their lives. Over the past decade, statistics show that Hawaii’s crime index has been consistently listed within the top 20 as compared to the rest of the nation. Violence amongst youth has become the second leading cause of death for those between ages 10-24. Through analysis of crime data, surveys, and historical analysis, this research will determine the main types of juvenile crime incidents that occur among adolescents and teens between ages 6-17 in Hawaii, specifically on Maui. A study of how architecture correlates to crime and how different design aspects of a building can affect the number of crimes committed in a given area will be conducted through a literature review of existing knowledge, including Oscar Newman’s comprehensive study on Defensible Space and Architectural Design for Crime Prevention, and the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach. In addition to existing knowledge on the subject of architecture and crime, surveys will be conducted in order to gain feedback from residents in the particular area of research. The combination of both existing and new knowledge gathered about architectural design and its correlation to crime will then be applied to recreational youth center design. The purpose of this research will be to provide guidelines for future youth facilities that will incorporate various architectural methods for creating safe spaces. The end result and goal of using archite

Nike marketing plan: the launch of Nike Academy in Portugal

In this master project, the objective is to develop a strategic and operational marketing plan to support the launching of a football academy, designed to ensure the physical, psychological and emotional welfare of its athletes. This football academy will be launched in Portugal, by Nike, during the summer of 2021. In this project, we have identified the potential participants, sponsors and fans, and studied the advantages that this initiative may bring to Nike. To achieve these conclusions, we made a strategic and operational study, that will allow to evaluate the impact the new service for the brand and what resources will be needed to implement this project. We studied the reality in which the current football academies are being developed, to construct terms of comparisons between them, and to understand what the good practices are, and what can be improved in this industry. We defined a marketing strategy and designed marketing-mix components, with the goal of creating a football academy that fulfills the young athletes’ needs, and not only the agents’ and managers’ needs. Our goal was to construct a model of an academy that could be followed by other football clubs, demonstrating the importance that the mental wellbeing of the players has for themselves and for their futures, but also for the clubs where they play in.Este projeto de mestrado tem como objetivo, desenvolver um plano estratégico e operacional de marketing, para apoiar o lançamento de uma academia de futebol, desenvolvida com o intuito de garantir o bem-estar físico, psicológico e emocional dos seus atletas. Esta academia de futebol será lançada em Portugal, pela Nike, durante o verão de 2021. Neste projeto, identificamos os potenciais participantes, patrocinadores e fãs, e estudamos as vantagens que esta iniciativa pode trazer para a Nike. Para chegar a estas conclusões, realizamos um estudo estratégico e operacional, que permitirá avaliar o impacto do novo serviço para a marca e quais os recursos necessários para implementar este projeto. Estudamos a realidade em que as atuais academias de futebol estão a ser desenvolvidas, para elaborar termos de comparação entre elas e para entender quais são as boas práticas e o que pode ser melhorado neste setor. Definimos uma estratégia de marketing e projetamos componentes de marketing-mix, com o objetivo de criar uma academia de futebol que atenda às necessidades dos jovens atletas, e não apenas às necessidades dos agentes e diretores desportivos. O nosso objetivo passou por construir um modelo de academia de futebol que pudesse ser seguido por outros clubes de futebol, demonstrando a importância que o bem-estar mental dos jogadores tem para o presente e para o futuro deles, mas também para os clubes onde jogam

Proof of witness presence: Blockchain consensus for augmented democracy in smart cities

Smart Cities evolve into complex and pervasive urban environments with a citizens’ mandate to meet sustainable development goals. Repositioning democratic values of citizens’ choices in these complex ecosystems has turned out to be imperative in an era of social media filter bubbles, fake news and opportunities for manipulating electoral results with such means. This paper introduces a new paradigm of augmented democracy that promises actively engaging citizens in a more informed decision-making augmented into public urban space. The proposed concept is inspired by a digital revive of the Ancient Agora of Athens, an arena of public discourse, a Polis where citizens assemble to actively deliberate and collectively decide about public matters. The core contribution of the proposed paradigm is the concept of proving witness presence: making decision-making subject of providing secure evidence and testifying for choices made in the physical space. This paper shows how the challenge of proving witness presence can be tackled with blockchain consensus to empower citizens’ trust and overcome security vulnerabilities of GPS localization. Moreover, a novel platform for collective decision-making and crowd-sensing in urban space is introduced: Smart Agora. It is shown how real-time collective measurements over citizens’ choices can be made in a fully decentralized and privacy-preserving way. Witness presence is tested by deploying a decentralized system for crowd-sensing the sustainable use of transport means. Furthermore, witness presence of cycling risk is validated using official accident data from public authorities, which are compared against wisdom of the crowd. The paramount role of dynamic consensus, self-governance and ethically aligned artificial intelligence in the augmented democracy paradigm is outlined

Horizontal Fusion: Enabling Net-Centric Operations and Warfare

the ability to access real-time information at the right time to make the right decisions

Bioinformatics

This book is divided into different research areas relevant in Bioinformatics such as biological networks, next generation sequencing, high performance computing, molecular modeling, structural bioinformatics, molecular modeling and intelligent data analysis. Each book section introduces the basic concepts and then explains its application to problems of great relevance, so both novice and expert readers can benefit from the information and research works presented here

Market Analysis of Synthetic Drugs: Amphetamine-type Stimulants, New Psychoactive Substances

An estimated quarter of a billion people, or around 5 per cent of the global adult population, used drugs at least once in 2015. Even more worrisome is the fact that about 29.5 million of those drug users, or 0.6 per cent of the global adult population, suffer from drug use disorders. This means that their drug use is harmful to the point that they may experience drug dependence and require treatment.The magnitude of the harm caused by drug use is underlined by the estimated 28 million years of "healthy" life (disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)) lost worldwide in 2015 as a result of premature death and disability caused by drug use.Of those years lost, 17 million were attributable solely to drug use disorders across all drug types. DALYs attributable to morbidity and mortality resulting from all causes of drug use have increased overall in the past decade.Yet, with fewer than one in six persons with drug use disorders provided with treatment each year, the availability of and access to science-based services for the treatment of drug use disorders and related conditions remain limited

Security of Cyber-Physical Systems

Cyber-physical system (CPS) innovations, in conjunction with their sibling computational and technological advancements, have positively impacted our society, leading to the establishment of new horizons of service excellence in a variety of applicational fields. With the rapid increase in the application of CPSs in safety-critical infrastructures, their safety and security are the top priorities of next-generation designs. The extent of potential consequences of CPS insecurity is large enough to ensure that CPS security is one of the core elements of the CPS research agenda. Faults, failures, and cyber-physical attacks lead to variations in the dynamics of CPSs and cause the instability and malfunction of normal operations. This reprint discusses the existing vulnerabilities and focuses on detection, prevention, and compensation techniques to improve the security of safety-critical systems

IoT-enabled water distribution systems - a comparative technological review

Water distribution systems are one of the critical infrastructures and major assets of the water utility in a nation. The infrastructure of the distribution systems consists of resources, treatment plants, reservoirs, distribution lines, and consumers. A sustainable water distribution network management has to take care of accessibility, quality, quantity, and reliability of water. As water is becoming a depleting resource for the coming decades, the regulation and accounting of the water in terms of the above four parameters is a critical task. There have been many efforts towards the establishment of a monitoring and controlling framework, capable of automating various stages of the water distribution processes. The current trending technologies such as Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Internet of Things (IoT), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have the potential to track this spatially varying network to collect, process, and analyze the water distribution network attributes and events. In this work, we investigate the role and scope of the IoT technologies in different stages of the water distribution systems. Our survey covers the state-of-the-art monitoring and control systems for the water distribution networks, and the status of IoT architectures for water distribution networks. We explore the existing water distribution systems, providing the necessary background information on the current status. This work also presents an IoT Architecture for Intelligent Water Networks - IoTA4IWNet, for real-time monitoring and control of water distribution networks. We believe that to build a robust water distribution network, these components need to be designed and implemented effectively