Fast-response Receiver-driven Layered Multicast

In this paper, a new layered multicast protocol, called Fast-response Receiver-driven Layered Multicast (FRLM), is proposed. The differences between our FRLM and the original RLM are only at the receivers. Our design allows the receivers to track the available network bandwidth faster; this enables the receivers to converge to their optimal number of subscribed layers quicker, and to respond to the network congestion prompter. An early trigger mechanism for shortening IGMP leave latency is also designed. We show that FRLM can avoid several potential problems with the original RLM, which have been overlooked previously. Last but not the least, FRLM is a practical scheme that can be readily implemented in today's best-effort Internet.published_or_final_versio

Fast-response receiver-driven layered multicast with multiple servers

Almost all the proposed layered multicast algorithms support a single server, i.e. a receiver can only subscribe to at most one server. A common restriction to single server approach Is that the maximum number of subscribed layers, as well as the maximum achievable throughput Is limited by the specific bottleneck link between a receiver and the server. In this paper, a new layered multicast protocol, called Fast-response Receiver-driven Layered Multicast with Multiple Servers (FRLM-MS) Is proposed. Our design allows a receiver to subscribe to more than one servers. A FRLM-MS receiver can benefit from multiple paths to the multiple servers, resulting In a higher achievable bandwidth. It In turn allows the receiver to have a higher layer subscription, and thus a better playback performance. © 2005 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Network-supported layered multicast transport control for streaming media

Multicast is very efficient in distributing large volume of data to multiple receivers over the Internet. Layered multicast helps solve the heterogeneity problem in multicast delivery. Extensive work has been done in the area of layered multicast, for both congestion control and error control. In this paper, we focus on network-supported protocols for streaming media. Most of the existing work solves the congestion control and error control problems separately, and do not give an integrated, efficient solution. In this paper, after reviewing related work, we introduce our proposed protocols, RALM and RALF. The former is a congestion control protocol and the latter is an error control protocol. They work under the same framework and provide an integrated solution. We also extend RALM to RALM-II, which is compatible with TCP traffic. We analyze the complexity of the proposed protocols in the network and investigated their performance through simulations. We show that our solution achieves significant performance gains with reasonable additional complexity. © 2007 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

System Support for Bandwidth Management and Content Adaptation in Internet Applications

This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of an operating system module, the Congestion Manager (CM), which provides integrated network flow management and exports a convenient programming interface that allows applications to be notified of, and adapt to, changing network conditions. We describe the API by which applications interface with the CM, and the architectural considerations that factored into the design. To evaluate the architecture and API, we describe our implementations of TCP; a streaming layered audio/video application; and an interactive audio application using the CM, and show that they achieve adaptive behavior without incurring much end-system overhead. All flows including TCP benefit from the sharing of congestion information, and applications are able to incorporate new functionality such as congestion control and adaptive behavior.Comment: 14 pages, appeared in OSDI 200

The multidriver: A reliable multicast service using the Xpress Transfer Protocol

A reliable multicast facility extends traditional point-to-point virtual circuit reliability to one-to-many communication. Such services can provide more efficient use of network resources, a powerful distributed name binding capability, and reduced latency in multidestination message delivery. These benefits will be especially valuable in real-time environments where reliable multicast can enable new applications and increase the availability and the reliability of data and services. We present a unique multicast service that exploits features in the next-generation, real-time transfer layer protocol, the Xpress Transfer Protocol (XTP). In its reliable mode, the service offers error, flow, and rate-controlled multidestination delivery of arbitrary-sized messages, with provision for the coordination of reliable reverse channels. Performance measurements on a single-segment Proteon ProNET-4 4 Mbps 802.5 token ring with heterogeneous nodes are discussed

A Survey on TCP-Friendly Congestion Control (extended version)

New trends in communication, in particular the deployment of multicast and real-time audio/video streaming applications, are likely to increase the percentage of non-TCP traffic in the Internet. These applications rarely perform congestion control in a TCP-friendly manner, i.e., they do not share the available bandwidth fairly with applications built on TCP, such as web browsers, FTP- or email-clients. The Internet community strongly fears that the current evolution could lead to a congestion collapse and starvation of TCP traffic. For this reason, TCP-friendly protocols are being developed that behave fairly with respect to co-existent TCP flows. In this article, we present a survey of current approaches to TCP-friendliness and discuss their characteristics. Both unicast and multicast congestion control protocols are examined, and an evaluation of the different approaches is presented

Analysis domain model for shared virtual environments

The field of shared virtual environments, which also encompasses online games and social 3D environments, has a system landscape consisting of multiple solutions that share great functional overlap. However, there is little system interoperability between the different solutions. A shared virtual environment has an associated problem domain that is highly complex raising difficult challenges to the development process, starting with the architectural design of the underlying system. This paper has two main contributions. The first contribution is a broad domain analysis of shared virtual environments, which enables developers to have a better understanding of the whole rather than the part(s). The second contribution is a reference domain model for discussing and describing solutions - the Analysis Domain Model

An efficient flow control algorithm for multi-rate multicast networks

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