5,942 research outputs found
Machine Learning for Fluid Mechanics
The field of fluid mechanics is rapidly advancing, driven by unprecedented
volumes of data from field measurements, experiments and large-scale
simulations at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Machine learning offers a wealth
of techniques to extract information from data that could be translated into
knowledge about the underlying fluid mechanics. Moreover, machine learning
algorithms can augment domain knowledge and automate tasks related to flow
control and optimization. This article presents an overview of past history,
current developments, and emerging opportunities of machine learning for fluid
mechanics. It outlines fundamental machine learning methodologies and discusses
their uses for understanding, modeling, optimizing, and controlling fluid
flows. The strengths and limitations of these methods are addressed from the
perspective of scientific inquiry that considers data as an inherent part of
modeling, experimentation, and simulation. Machine learning provides a powerful
information processing framework that can enrich, and possibly even transform,
current lines of fluid mechanics research and industrial applications.Comment: To appear in the Annual Reviews of Fluid Mechanics, 202
End-to-End Photo-Sketch Generation via Fully Convolutional Representation Learning
Sketch-based face recognition is an interesting task in vision and multimedia
research, yet it is quite challenging due to the great difference between face
photos and sketches. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for
photo-sketch generation, aiming to automatically transform face photos into
detail-preserving personal sketches. Unlike the traditional models synthesizing
sketches based on a dictionary of exemplars, we develop a fully convolutional
network to learn the end-to-end photo-sketch mapping. Our approach takes whole
face photos as inputs and directly generates the corresponding sketch images
with efficient inference and learning, in which the architecture are stacked by
only convolutional kernels of very small sizes. To well capture the person
identity during the photo-sketch transformation, we define our optimization
objective in the form of joint generative-discriminative minimization. In
particular, a discriminative regularization term is incorporated into the
photo-sketch generation, enhancing the discriminability of the generated person
sketches against other individuals. Extensive experiments on several standard
benchmarks suggest that our approach outperforms other state-of-the-art methods
in both photo-sketch generation and face sketch verification.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures. Proceeding in ACM International Conference on
Multimedia Retrieval (ICMR), 201
Shape Completion using 3D-Encoder-Predictor CNNs and Shape Synthesis
We introduce a data-driven approach to complete partial 3D shapes through a
combination of volumetric deep neural networks and 3D shape synthesis. From a
partially-scanned input shape, our method first infers a low-resolution -- but
complete -- output. To this end, we introduce a 3D-Encoder-Predictor Network
(3D-EPN) which is composed of 3D convolutional layers. The network is trained
to predict and fill in missing data, and operates on an implicit surface
representation that encodes both known and unknown space. This allows us to
predict global structure in unknown areas at high accuracy. We then correlate
these intermediary results with 3D geometry from a shape database at test time.
In a final pass, we propose a patch-based 3D shape synthesis method that
imposes the 3D geometry from these retrieved shapes as constraints on the
coarsely-completed mesh. This synthesis process enables us to reconstruct
fine-scale detail and generate high-resolution output while respecting the
global mesh structure obtained by the 3D-EPN. Although our 3D-EPN outperforms
state-of-the-art completion method, the main contribution in our work lies in
the combination of a data-driven shape predictor and analytic 3D shape
synthesis. In our results, we show extensive evaluations on a newly-introduced
shape completion benchmark for both real-world and synthetic data
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