Extension of MIH for FPMIPv6 (EMIH-FPMIPv6) to support optimized heterogeneous handover

Fast handover for Proxy Mobile IPv6 (FPMIPv6) can optimize the handover performance compared with PMIPv6 in terms of handover delay and packet loss. However, FPMIPv6 cannot handle heterogeneous handovers due to the lack of unified Layer 2 triggering mechanism. While Media Independent Handover (MIH) can provide heterogeneous handover support, and a lot of MIH-based integration solutions have been proposed. However, most of these solutions are based on the integration of MIH and PMIPv6, and require additional mechanisms such as L2 scanning, handover coordinator or neighbor discovery, which are out of the scope of MIH and difficult to be standardized. Furthermore, the direct integration of MIH and FPMIPv6 will cause redundant signaling cost due to the similar functions such as MIH handover commit procedure in MIH and inter-MAG (Mobility Access Gateway) tunnel setup in FPMIPv6. This paper provides a comprehensive survey on these solutions and compares each solution's functionality and characteristic, and then proposes an integration scheme based on Extension of MIH for FPMIPv6 (EMIH-FPMIPv6) to support optimized heterogeneous handover, which extends the existing MIH standard and reduces the redundant messages interaction caused by FPMIPv6 and MIH. This paper adopts the city section mobility model and heterogeneous networks model to analyze and compare the performance of EMIH-FPMIPv6 under different heterogeneous handover scenarios. The analytical results show that EMIH-FPMIPv6 is capable of reducing the handover delay and the signaling cost compared to the solution specified in MIH standard (noted as standard handover solution) and FPMIPv6. © 201

Gestion de la mobilité dans les réseaux denses de cinquième génération (5G)

Les réseaux de communications mobiles ont connu de profondes avancées technologiques au cours des deux dernières décénnies. La croissance du nombre d’abonnés mobiles ainsi que l’accès à des forfaits de données illimitées, souvent à des tarifs préférentiels, ont engendré une demande de bande passante, de vidéo et de données en forte croissance. Ces progrès significatifs ont favorisé le déploiement de nouveaux services et de nouveaux cas d’utilisation tels que l’Internet-des-objets (IoT), la réalité augmentée et virtuelle, les réseaux de villes intelligentes, les véhicules autonomes et l’automatisation industrielle. Aux technologies existantes, s’ajouteront de nouveaux modes de communication dans le but de répondre à plusieurs cas d’utilisation des réseaux mobiles qui sont encore difficiles à satisfaire à ce jour. Le résultat à long terme de cette nouvelle tournure dans le monde de la réseautique mobile est désigné sous le vocable de réseaux de cinquième génération (5G). Au-delà du déploiement d’applications avancées, les réseaux 5G offriront de nouvelles opportunités de revenus aux fournisseurs de services lorsqu’ils seront combinés aux fonctionnalités avancées telles que l’analyse de données, l’apprentissage automatique et à l’intelligence artificielle. Dans ce contexte, un large consensus est aujourd’hui établit sur la nécessité d’accroître la capacité du réseau par un déploiement massif de cellules de petite taille (Small Cell, SCs), d’un rayon de couverture réduit et à faible puissance. On parle alors d’une ultra-densification du réseau dont le but essentiel est de favoriser la proximité des points d’accès des utilisateurs finaux. Cependant, la densification du réseau implique des relèves fréquentes des usagers mobiles (MNs) entre les SCs et les zones de service. En effet, le rayon de couverture réduit des SCs rend plus complèxe la phase de sélection des relèves en plus d’accroître la fréquence de celles-ci. Ces relèves entraînent des dégradations, des perturbations et des déconnexions qui peuvent entraver l’objectif d’un accès transparent aux services du réseau. En outre, la fréquence des relèves engendre une latence et une charge de signalisation élevées dans le reseau. De plus, l’omniprésence d’applications temps réel exige une latence faible du réseau. Dans ce contexte, la gestion de la mobilité demeure encore un enjeux et il s’avère donc indispensable de concevoir de nouveaux protocoles de gestion de la mobilité capables répondre aux exigences de performances strictes des réseaux 5G.----------ABSTRACT : Mobile communications networks have experienced tremendous technological advances in the last two decades. The growth of the number of mobile subscribers and access to unlimited data plans, often at very affordable prices, have led to an increased demand for bandwidth, video and high-growth data. These significant advances have facilitated the deployment of new services and use cases such as Internet-of-things (IoT), augmented and virtual reality, smart city networks, autonomous vehicles, and industrial automation. On top of the existing technologies, new communication modes will arise to respond to several uses cases of mobile systems that are still difficult to meet today. The long-term result of this new trend in the world of mobile networking gives birth to a new paradigm called the fifth generation networks (5G). Beyond deploying advanced applications, 5G networks will offer new revenue opportunities to service providers, when combined with advanced features such as data analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. In this context, a broad consensus is now established on the need to increase the network capacity through a massive deployment of small cells (Small Cell, SCs), with reduced coverage and low power. This requirement led to the ultra-densification of the network whose primary purpose is to promote the proximity of access points to the end-users. However, the densification of the cellular networks involves many mobile nodes (MNs) going through several handovers between the SCs and the service areas. The shorter SC’s radius makes the handover selection phase more complex while increasing its frequency. These handovers lead to service disruptions and disconnections that may hinder the provision of seamless mobility of network services. Moreover, the frequency of the handovers generates a high latency and signaling load in the network. Besides, the ubiquity of real-time applications requires low network latency. In this context, mobility management is still an issue, and it is, therefore, essential to design new mobility management protocols that can meet the stringent performance requirements of 5G networks

Mecanismos para la gestión eficiente del plano de control y del plano de datos en redes móviles 5G

En los últimos años, el incremento exponencial del tráfico de datos móviles, unido al despliegue de nuevos servicios sobre las redes actuales, han propiciado que los operadores de telecomunicaciones busquen nuevos mecanismos que permitan una gestión eficiente de la red. En este contexto, uno de los procesos involucrados en la gestión de la red es el soporte a la movilidad, cuyo principal objetivo es mantener las comunicaciones activas mientras los usuarios se mueven entre redes diferentes. A tal efecto, se han estandarizado protocolos para la gestión de movilidad centralizada (CMM) y distribuida (DMM), pero debido a la densificación de celdas producida por el incipiente desarrollo de 5G, se está produciendo un incremento de tráfico de señalización usado para gestionar la movilidad, que debe ser tenido en cuenta por los operadores de red. Partiendo de esta situación, en esta tesis se proponen tres nuevos mecanismos para mejorar el rendimiento de las redes móviles desde tres perspectivas diferentes. Nuestra primera propuesta, TEDMM, permite llevar a cabo una gestión eficiente del plano de control. La segunda propuesta, SRDMM, combina SDN con DMM para mejorar el proceso de gestión de la movilidad desde el punto de vista del plano de datos. Nuestro tercer mecanismo (LNA) propone una estrategia de asociación entre estaciones base y la red de acceso para mejorar el rendimiento del plano de control y del plano de datos.In recent years, the world has witnessed an explosion of mobile communications due to the wide penetration of handheld mobile devices generating an unprecedented amount of data traffic. As the number of mobile users grows rapidly, 5G networks are evolving to match this growth and to ensure emerging services and applications according to the specific demands of mobile users. In such a challenging environment, effective mobility management mechanisms are needed and they are expected to serve mobile users with distinct mobility profiles The mobility management mechanisms provide seamless mobility support at the network level by maintaining ongoing communications while the users roam among different access networks. However, this mobility management protocols introduce signaling overhead for supporting seamless session continuity of the mobile nodes by using control messages between mobility agents. This aspect, together with the cell densification produced by 5G, will increase total signaling traffic, degrading the QoS and QoE requirements. Thus, the operators are seeking innovative solutions to the optimization of mobility management procedures within the 5G evolved architecture. In this Thesis, we propose three mechanisms in order to improve the performance of mobility management protocols. First, we propose a novel mechanism, called TE-DMM, to improve the performance of the control plane by reducing the signaling traffic. Then, taking advantage of the benefits that SDN brings, we present a novel mobility management solution to improve the performance of the data plane. Finally, we propose a novel link-network assignment strategy to enhance the overall performance of the mobility protocols