Implementation of Gyro Accelerometer Sensor for Measuring Respiration Rate Based on Inhale and Exhale Using Kalman Filter

Respiratory rate is a fundamental vital sign that is sensitive to different pathological conditions including heart, lung, emotional stress, the influence of body temperature and activity fatigue. The respiratory rate in humans is measured by counting the number of breaths for one minute by monitoring and counting the number of times the chest rises and falls during the inhale and exhale process. Various methods for measuring respiratory rate that are commonly used including pneumograph, impedance and capnography are applied in patient monitoring. This study aims to examine and analyze the application of the kalman filter on the output of the gyro accelerometer sensor to increase the results of the detection of respiratory rates using the gyro accelerometer sensor. This study test was carried out using a patient simulator in Surabaya Ministry of Health Polytechnic nursing laboratory. This simulator patient can simulate respiration with a mechanical work system up and down the chest and abdomen, uses an Arduino Nano microcontroller to filter the output of the gyro accelerometer sensor and the results will be compared before and after the filter. The independent variable in this study is the respiration value, while the dependent variable is the sensor output before being filtered. In the relaxed condition of the respondent The most effective use of the kalman filter is found in the parameters R = 10, Q = 0.1 because in the use of these parameters, the value after being filtered has a value that tends to be stable. The highest error value in the application of the gyro accelerometer sensor occurs at sensor position 1 with R = 1 Q = 10 value of 2,6%. This study shows the effect of differences in respiration values before and after using a kalman filter. This study has limited differences in values that are far between the pre filter and after being filtered in several data collections

Analysis of Abdominal Respiratory Sensor Performance in Sleep Apnea Conditions

Abdominal respiratory sensor is a sensor used to detect sleep apnea that is specifically for neonates, this sensor is specifically for neonates because the use of this sensor does not require a voltage input to activate the sensor. In the absence of voltage input so as not to disturb the heart rhythm in neonates. When the sensor is no longer elastic, the pressure difference generated by the sensor will be unstable so that the sensor cannot work optimally. With these conditions, the period of use of the sensor needs to be known how durable the sensor is when it is used on patients so that the sensor can maximally detect the occurrence of apnea in neonates. How many times have you been in apnea. This study uses an Arduino microcontroller to process the pressure value and RR value generated by the stomach sensor and the MPX5010dp pressure sensor. the research method used is to use a simulator to analyze the combination of abdominal sensors and pressure sensors to monitor apnea. If viewed based on the average error, the error value in the RR 10bpm setting is ±0.185%, the RR 15 setting is ±0.245%, and the setting RR 20bpm is ±0.383%. From the average error value, it can be said that the higher the RR setting value, the higher the average error for each decrease in pressure output. it can be concluded that the performance of the use of the Abdominal Respiratory Sensor and Pressure Sensor on the Apnea Monitoring module functions well in detecting RR according to the settings on the simulator for 3-day monitoring. The development that can be done in this research is to use a more sensitive pressure sensor so that the results obtained are more stable and make the module display more attractive