Kajian Penerapan Ekolabel Produk Di Indonesia

Pada tahun 2006, Indonesia telah mengembangkan sistem akreditasi dan sertifikasi ekolabel untuk produkmanufaktur. Sebagai acuan yang digunakan dalam penyusunan dokumen untuk program ekolabel di Indonesiaadalah ISO 14020, Environmental labels and declarations-General principless; ISO 14024, Environmental labelsand declarations-Types I environmental labelling-Principles and procedures dan ISO/IEC Guide 65, Generalrequirements for product certification. Disamping itu Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN) juga telah menetapkanStandar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) terkait dengan ekolabel. Tujuan program ekolabel adalah dalam rangkaperlindungan lingkungan, mendorong inovasi industri yang ramah lingkungan dan membangun kesadaranmasyarakat atau konsumen terhadap produk-produk yang ramah lingkungan. Terdapat tiga pendekatan programekolabel yaitu ekolabel Tipe I, Tipe II dan Tipe III yang mana masing-masing tipe mempunyai kekurangan dankelebihan. Ekolabel yang dikembangkan oleh Indonesia adalah program ekolabel Tipe I yaitu pemberian ekolabeloleh pihak ketiga kepada produk yang memenuhi seperangkat persyaratan yang telah ditetapkan. Di beberapanegara program ekolabel mendapatkan perhatian serius dari pemerintah, karena di dalam perdaganganinternasional sudah memasukkan isu lingkungan seperti ekolabel, gas rumah kaca

Umweltzeichen und Verbraucherverhalten: Wie grün ist der Blaue Engel?

Environmental considerations are becoming increasingly important in the decision making process of consumers and producers. A credible environmental label can only be established if it is issued by a neutral or state organisation on the basis of scientifically derived criteria. This holds true for the Blue Angel issued by the German Institute for Quality Control and Designation e.V. (RAL, Deutsches Institut für Gütesicherung und Kennzeichnungen). A growing number of environmental labels are being introduced through internal declarations of single companies or groups choosing their own criteria. The credibility of such declarations, in the opinion of consumers, is generally slight. A case study of dispersion paints labelled with the Blue Angel indicates that environmental consciousness of' consumers can, with the help of a credible environmental label be transformed into higher market penetration of a labelled product. Proce differences between labelled and competing non-labelled products should be moderate, as in general the willingness to pay more for an environmentally friendly product is not pronounced. Applying the results of the case study on dispersion paints to other products is restricted by the fact that consumers are not necessarily as directly affected by negative environmental effects of these products as they are by the toxic fumes emitted by paints containing solvents. Given a less significant direct effect on consumers, the sales and price dynamics should be lower than the behaviour observed for dispersion paints. --

Declaraciones Ambientales según ISO14025 en el sector de la construcción. Parte 2: Recubrimientos cerámicos

Este artículo tiene como finalidad aportar información relativa a los Programas, tanto generales como sectoriales, que han desarrollado Reglas de Categoría de Producto (RCP) para diferentes tipos de recubrimientos cerámicos, y mostrar ejemplos de Declaraciones Ambientales publicadas relativas a los mismos.This article is intended to provide information about Programs, both general and sector-based, that have developed Product Category Rules (PCR) to different types of ceramic tilings, and show examples of Environmental Declarations about them

Umweltzeichen und Verbraucherverhalten: Wie grün ist der Blaue Engel?

Environmental considerations are becoming increasingly important in the decision making process of consumers and producers. A credible environmental label can only be established if it is issued by a neutral or state organisation on the basis of scientifically derived criteria. This holds true for the Blue Angel issued by the German Institute for Quality Control and Designation e.V. (RAL, Deutsches Institut für Gütesicherung und Kennzeichnungen). A growing number of environmental labels are being introduced through internal declarations of single companies or groups choosing their own criteria. The credibility of such declarations, in the opinion of consumers, is generally slight. A case study of dispersion paints labelled with the Blue Angel indicates that environmental consciousness of' consumers can, with the help of a credible environmental label be transformed into higher market penetration of a labelled product. Proce differences between labelled and competing non-labelled products should be moderate, as in general the willingness to pay more for an environmentally friendly product is not pronounced. Applying the results of the case study on dispersion paints to other products is restricted by the fact that consumers are not necessarily as directly affected by negative environmental effects of these products as they are by the toxic fumes emitted by paints containing solvents. Given a less significant direct effect on consumers, the sales and price dynamics should be lower than the behaviour observed for dispersion paints

Transportation Life Cycle Assessment Synthesis: Life Cycle Assessment Learning Module Series

The Life Cycle Assessment Learning Module Series is a set of narrated, self-advancing slideshows on various topics related to environmental life cycle assessment (LCA). This research project produced the first 27 of such modules, which are freely available for download on the CESTiCC website http://cem.uaf.edu/cesticc/publications/lca.aspx. Each module is roughly 15- 20 minutes in length and is intended for various uses such as course components, as the main lecture material in a dedicated LCA course, or for independent learning in support of research projects. The series is organized into four overall topical areas, each of which contain a group of overview modules and a group of detailed modules. The A and α groups cover the international standards that define LCA. The B and β groups focus on environmental impact categories. The G and γ groups identify software tools for LCA and provide some tutorials for their use. The T and τ groups introduce topics of interest in the field of transportation LCA. This includes overviews of how LCA is frequently applied in that sector, literature reviews, specific considerations, and software tutorials. Future modules in this category will feature methodological developments and case studies specific to the transportation sector

Eco-Friendly Marketing: Beyond the Label

The science is unequivocal: every ecosystem in the world is in decline. Without significant intervention, the world’s inhabitants of almost 7.3 billion are in peril. In light of this imminent threat and as a response to market pressures, public outcry, and changing national and international policies, businesses are seeking to rebrand their products by adopting a more environmentally-friendly approach. From various certification processes to other forms of green marketing, eco-labeling has been trending and consumer engagement rising. But without a thorough analysis of a particular product, the consumer’s belief that he/she is helping to contribute to a solution, may be misplaced

Barriers and Incentives to the Adoption of ISO 14001 by Firms in the United States

This paper summarizes four novel advanced antenna concepts explored in the framework of the WINNER+ project. The concepts are related to multiuser MIMO communication in cellular networks, focusing on the acquisition and application of channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter in time-division-duplex (TDD) mode. The concepts include new ideas for CSI modeling and sounding for the purposes of multiuser precoding, and methods for pilot signal design with the aim to support the estimation of different CSI quantities. Furthermore, a new relaying strategy for terminal-to-terminal communication is described. All the ideas are feasible for adoption into practical upcoming communication systems such as LTE-Advanced, and most of the proposed concepts have only a minor impact on standards. Our study indicates that the CSI at its best is not only about estimating the channel responses between different antenna pairs. What counts is the nature of the intended communication link as well as the form in which CSI is applied.QC 20111102</p

Irregular behaviour in stating preferences for nature protection. A Choice Experiment in Belarus

Using choice experiment, this paper investigates how Belarusian citizens value planned Zvanets mire protection programmes. Two approaches are used to analyze ignored attributes: a debriefing question, and estimating parameters at the individual level. We have found inconsistencies between people’s declarations on ignoring certain attributes in the follow-up questions and the results of modelling at the individual level. These inconsistencies lead to statistically significant differences in WTP estimates obtained.willingness to pay (WTP), choice experiment (CE), random parameter logit (RPL) model, lexicographic preferences, nature protection, wetlands

LCA database for portuguese building technologies

The aim of this paper is to present one solution to integrate more accurate environmental assessment methods in rating systems and that could be used to support the design teams’ decisions that aim the implementation of low impact building solutions. The solution is the development of a LCA database that is based in the EPD’s (Environmental Product Declarations) approach and that gathers the quantification of several environmental impact categories of the most common building solutions used in Portugal. This database is in continuous update and now covers about 50 building solutions for floors and exterior walls, 40 building materials and the impacts related to the use of 12 systems for acclimatization and hot water