THE NONURBAN ENVIRONMENT, POLLUTION AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE

Environmental Economics and Policy,

KYOTO PROTOCOL - A MILESTONE ON THE ROAD TO A LOW CARBON ECONOMY

Human activities have had an impact on environment since immemorial times but significant effects could be traced since about 500 years. The world is getting rapidly warmer, and there is an overwhelming consensus among the leading climate scientists that this is being caused mainly by carbon dioxide and other 'greenhouse gases' emitted by human activities. the responsibility of various countries vis-à-vis environment pollution is not equal. At the same time, neither the resources and scientific capabilities of various countries which can be used for the control of pollution are not equal. The need for international cooperation and coordination is self-evident because less developed countries cannot by themselves find solutions to environment pollution and at the same time they cannot be condemned to underdevelopment.environment, global warming, pollution, ecological footprint

സമുദ്ര പരിസ്ഥിതി മലിനീകരണം (Marine environment pollution)

Marine pollution and its impact on the living resources is one of the topics discussed all over the world today. In the broadest sense, the term pollution refers to any change in the natural quality of the environment brought about by chemical, physical or biological agents. In practice however, pollution is the result of human activity, either direct, indirect or incidental

Is growth bad for the environment? Pollution, abatement, and endogenous growth

The authors investigate the implications of pollution as a byproduct of production and analyze how environmental concern affects the optimal rate of economic growth and optimal government policy. The government must levy taxes on income to finance both productive government spending and abatement activities. It must levy an optimal tax. Too high a tax rate harms prospects for growth and too low a tax rate is bad for the environment. The authors distinguish between two approaches to incorporate the environment into the model stock approach and the flow approach. The flow approach assumes that the level of environmental quality changes instantly if production or abatement levels change (this is relevant for analyzing externalities associated, for example, with noise). The stock approach assumes that pollution and abatement indirectly influence the environment by affecting the rate of change in the environment over time (this is more relevant for analyzing problems of acid rain). They conclude that: win-win situations (in which improvements in economic growth and environmental quality go hand in hand) cannot arise under the flow approach, but can arise under the stock approach - if and only if the intertemporal elasticity of substitution exceeds unity; and maximizing the economy's growth rate is never optimal unless consumers care nothing about the environment.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Growth,Governance Indicators,Public Sector Economics&Finance

IoT based Environment Pollution Monitoring System

In today’s world where population and industrialization has expanded exponentially, pollution is a major crisis faced by the mankind and necessary measures should be taken to control it fast. Currently our population neglects this fact and there is less awareness regarding the pollution threshold values set by the government. To tackle this problem the system explored is an IOT kit, with effective utilization of various sensors, recording the values of different types of pollutants in the environment and display the statistics on a website which can be accessed by all users for free. The system we are proposing is an advanced solution for monitoring the environmental pollution at particular place and makes the information accessible to every individual

Status of policies on fish hygiene in Nigeria

An examination is made of fish health policy formulation in Nigeria. Such policies are necessary to protect fish a living aquatic resources and also fish food at harvest because of the immense nutritional, social and economic benefits derivable by man from fish. Fish health policies must recognize the implications of aquatic environment pollution, the dangers of bad fishing methods and application of harmful fishing gears and appliances and post-mortem handling practice

Development of Eco-VE Function for Construction

AbstractRecently accepted “Paris Agreement” has restricted the Earth temperature increase to be below 1.5 degrees Celsius contrast to previous industrialization. To follow this agreement, there should be efforts such as carbon emission reduction and eco design etc. One of these efforts is development of eco-VE function that applied eco-friendly concept on VE which is commonly used at design phase. Concept of this model includes carbon productivity concept and potential environment pollution index that reflects eco-VE function on original VE. The carbon productivity concept is a cause of production increase that offset production decrease factor depending on green-house gas reduction. The potential environment pollution index presents the possibility of environment pollution through construction phase. The carbon productivity is ‘Construction cost/Carbon emission’. The construction costs are consisted of material, equipment, labour cost and indirect expenses. Carbon emissions are calculated by emission for material production and equipment fuel consumption. The potential environment pollution index is composed of environmental pollution and conservation cost. The environmental pollution cost includes environmental damage and destruction cost. The environmental conservation cost includes environmental pollution prevention cost, waste treatment cost, environmental pollution compensation, environmental pollution test research funds and law cost