A Study of Z-Transform Based Encryption Algorithm

It has become increasingly important to ensure the protection of information, especially data in transit. Therefore, it is the primary goal of any encryption algorithm to safeguard the protection of information against security attacks. It is equally important to design high-performance solutions with affordable cost of implementation. Encryption algorithms are used to transform plain text to the ciphertext in order to protect privacy, prevent data fraud, and prevent unauthorized access of data in daily transactions. There are multiple types of encryption algorithms, each with its niche tactics to enhance security. For instance, different kinds of algorithms include but are not limited to the following: Blowfish, RSA, AES, DES, Triple DES. This paper contributes an efficient and secure encryption algorithm technique for information security based on Z transformation and XOR function known as the Z Transformation Encryption (ZTE) technique. To elaborate, this technique implements concepts of Z transformation and XOR operations at the source. The reverse process is applied at the receiving end of the transaction wherein the inverse of Z transformation and XOR is applied to reveal the original plain text message. The simulation of the proposed algorithm is conducted using the R language. The results show a promising performance comparing to other symmetric algorithms

A Systematic Literature Review Method On AES Algorithm for Data Sharing Encryption On Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is one revolution in information technology (IT) that can share resources, services and data through a network among users. Because users have same rights on the network to transfer data, data are vulnerable to be attacked by unauthorized person. Lately, data security in a system only concentrates on data storage on cloud by utilizing internet security, but a little concentration is found during data transfer. By considering security as a serious problem, an encryption-based proposed system is presented to secure during data transfer. Authors propose an approach to boost system security during data transfer in order to prevent data theft by unauthorized person. To prevent an attack by unauthorized person, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) will be proposed to secure data transfer and storage in cloud computing. For better future, authors will propose Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to generate suggestions and opportunities in AES cloud computing

Time- and Amplitude-Controlled Power Noise Generator against SPA Attacks for FPGA-Based IoT Devices

Power noise generation for masking power traces is a powerful countermeasure against Simple Power Analysis (SPA), and it has also been used against Differential Power Analysis (DPA) or Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) in the case of cryptographic circuits. This technique makes use of power consumption generators as basic modules, which are usually based on ring oscillators when implemented on FPGAs. These modules can be used to generate power noise and to also extract digital signatures through the power side channel for Intellectual Property (IP) protection purposes. In this paper, a new power consumption generator, named Xored High Consuming Module (XHCM), is proposed. XHCM improves, when compared to others proposals in the literature, the amount of current consumption per LUT when implemented on FPGAs. Experimental results show that these modules can achieve current increments in the range from 2.4 mA (with only 16 LUTs on Artix-7 devices with a power consumption density of 0.75 mW/LUT when using a single HCM) to 11.1 mA (with 67 LUTs when using 8 XHCMs, with a power consumption density of 0.83 mW/LUT). Moreover, a version controlled by Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) has been developed, named PWM-XHCM, which is, as XHCM, suitable for power watermarking. In order to build countermeasures against SPA attacks, a multi-level XHCM (ML-XHCM) is also presented, which is capable of generating different power consumption levels with minimal area overhead (27 six-input LUTS for generating 16 different amplitude levels on Artix-7 devices). Finally, a randomized version, named RML-XHCM, has also been developed using two True Random Number Generators (TRNGs) to generate current consumption peaks with random amplitudes at random times. RML-XHCM requires less than 150 LUTs on Artix-7 devices. Taking into account these characteristics, two main contributions have been carried out in this article: first, XHCM and PWM-XHCM provide an efficient power consumption generator for extracting digital signatures through the power side channel, and on the other hand, ML-XHCM and RML-XHCM are powerful tools for the protection of processing units against SPA attacks in IoT devices implemented on FPGAs.Junta de AndaluciaEuropean Commission B-TIC-588-UGR2

Security of User Data in Local Connectivity Using Multicast Key Agreement

In this paper, we be trained team key contract approach a couple of parties need to create a usual secret key to be used to alternate understanding securely. The staff key contract with an arbitrary connectivity graph, where each and every consumer is simplest mindful of his neighbor and has no information about the existence of different customers. Additional, he has no knowledge concerning the community topology. We put into effect the existing approach with extra time efficient method and provide a multicast key generation server which is predicted in future scope with the aid of present authors. We replace the Diffie Hellman key trade protocol through a brand new multicast key exchange protocol that may work with one to 1 and one to many functionality. We additionally tend to put into effect a robust symmetric encryption for improving file safety within the process

Security in Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)

Major research domains in the WLAN security include: access control & data frame protection, lightweight authentication and secure handoff. Access control standard like IEEE 802.11i provides flexibility in user authentication but on the other hand fell prey to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. For Protecting the data communication between two communicating devices—three standard protocols i.e., WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) and AES-CCMP (Advanced Encryption Standard—Counter mode with CBC-MAC protocol) are used. Out of these, AES-CCMP protocol is secure enough and mostly used in enterprises. In WLAN environment lightweight authentication is an asset, provided it also satisfies other security properties like protecting the authentication stream or token along with securing the transmitted message. CAPWAP (Control and Provisioning of Wireless Access Points), HOKEY (Hand Over Keying) and IEEE 802.11r are major protocols for executing the secure handoff. In WLANs, handoff should not only be performed within time limits as required by the real time applications but should also be used to transfer safely the keying material for further communication. In this chapter, a comparative study of the security mechanisms under the above-mentioned research domains is provided

Securing User Data in Local Connectivity using Multicast Key Agreement

In this paper, we gain knowledge of crew key contract means more than one parties need to create a original secret key for use to alternate know-how securely. The staff key agreement with an arbitrary connectivity graph, where each and every consumer is most effective aware of his neighbor and has no expertise concerning the existence of alternative users. Extra, he has no expertise concerning the community topology. We implement the present procedure with extra time efficient method and provide a multicast key new release server which is expected in future scope with the aid of current authors. We exchange the Diffie Hellman key trade protocol by using a new multicast key exchange protocol that can work with one to at least one and one to many functionality. We additionally tend to enforce a robust symmetric encryption for bettering file protection in the procedure