A Fixed Effects Analysis of the Adoption of New Technologies in the Cuban Sugar Industry, 1899-1929

This paper focuses on the relationship between technical and institutional changes in Cuba a leader in the use of continuousprocess technologies being applied to cane sugar manufacture in the first three decades of the twentieth century. Using a fixed effects model of the sugar manufacturer's decision to invest in new technologies, we show that a change in institutional factors had an impact on the adoption of the new technologies. The results show that differences in cane contracting arrangements affected the ease with which mills adopted new technologies. These differences were based on historical factors in the evolution of the cane farming institution in Cuba that affected whether the cane lands were the property of the farmer or the mill. This distinction created differences in the cane farmers' bargaining positions in the renegotiation of contracts with the mill, and it resulted in variation in the long-run costs of procuring cane at different mills

HOW GRAIN SHIPPING AND PROCESSING FIRMS ARE HANDLING BIOENGINEERED PRODUCTS

Crop Production/Industries, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

An investigation of phase-lock loop swept- frequency synchronization

Rapid synchronization of phase-locked oscillators is best achieved by the swept-frequency acquisition technique, wherein the voltage-controlled oscillator /VCO/ is linearly swept through the uncertainty band. The theoretically predicted sweep rates of this technique and the observed experimental results differ by less than seven percent

Evolution of the star formation histories of BLAST galaxies

We have measured star formation histories (SFHs) and stellar masses of galaxies detected by the Balloon-borne Large Aperture Sub-millimetre Telescope (BLAST) over approximately 9 square degrees centred on the Chandra Deep Field South. We have applied the recently developed SFH reconstruction method of Dye et al. to optical, near-infrared and mid-infrared photometry of 92 BLAST galaxies. We find significant differences between the SFHs of low mass (<10^11 M_sol) and high mass (>10^11 M_sol) galaxies. On average, low mass galaxies exhibit a dominant late burst of star formation which creates a large fraction of their stellar mass. Conversely, high mass systems tend to have a significant amount of stellar mass that formed much earlier. We also find that the high mass SFHs evolve more strongly than the low mass SFHs. These findings are consistent with the phenomenon of downsizing observed in optically selected samples of galaxies.Comment: Accepted by MNRAS Letters. 5 pages. 4 figure

The Comparison Between Chemical and Natural Extraction In Textile Dyeing With Indigofera

Indigo is categorized as a vat dyes, which is needs to pass a fermentation phase in the extraction process before it could be used as a textile dye due to its lack of fastener substances. Vat dyes are known to be the most solid dye with high endurances compared to other textile dyes according to how the colour will fade caused by acid or alkaline substances. The fermentation process of Indigofera dye could be done using chemical or natural ingredients. Sodium Hydrosulphite could be used in chemical fermentation, while Javanese brown sugar is used in natural fermentation for Indigo dye. This study uses comparative method with material experimental approach. Comparison between the use of Indigofera dye with natrium hydrosulphite fermentations and Indigofera dye with Javanese brown sugar fermentations will be analyzed. this study is purposed to find the advantages and disadvantages in both Indigofera dye substances made of brown sugar fermentation in the vatting process and hydrosulfite fermentation in the vatting process. the results of this study can be used as references in dyeing textile using indigofera for business people, craftsmen, artists, and students in developing their product designs. Keywords Indigofera dye, natural dyes, extraction, fermentatio