353 research outputs found

    The Public Performance Of Sanctions In Insolvency Cases: The Dark, Humiliating, And Ridiculous Side Of The Law Of Debt In The Italian Experience. A Historical Overview Of Shaming Practices

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    This study provides a diachronic comparative overview of how the law of debt has been applied by certain institutions in Italy. Specifically, it offers historical and comparative insights into the public performance of sanctions for insolvency through shaming and customary practices in Roman Imperial Law, in the Middle Ages, and in later periods. The first part of the essay focuses on the Roman bonorum cessio culo nudo super lapidem and on the medieval customary institution called pietra della vergogna (stone of shame), which originates from the Roman model. The second part of the essay analyzes the social function of the zecca and the pittima Veneziana during the Republic of Venice, and of the practice of lu soldate a castighe (no translation is possible). The author uses a functionalist approach to apply some arguments and concepts from the current context to this historical analysis of ancient institutions that we would now consider ridiculous. The article shows that the customary norms that play a crucial regulatory role in online interactions today can also be applied to the public square in the past. One of these tools is shaming. As is the case in contemporary online settings, in the public square in historic periods, shaming practices were used to enforce the rules of civility in a given community. Such practices can be seen as virtuous when they are intended for use as a tool to pursue positive change in forces entrenched in the culture, and thus to address social wrongs considered outside the reach of the law, or to address human rights abuses

    AKAN TRADITIONAL RELIGION AND CATHOLICISM IN DIALOGUE: ENVISAGING A PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE THEOLOGY OF MARRIAGE IN POSTMODERN GHANA

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    The changing phases of religions, cultures, and world history in postmodernity call on the Catholic tradition to be religiously and culturally interreligious. The identity and mission of the Church can no longer be defined in a Eurocentric, triumphalist, or exclusivist term as in colonial times. As the Church expands to new religio-cultural and socio-political territories, the theological principles of dialogue, interculturality, listening, and inculturation must guide her mission. This dissertation, tracing the historical, cultural, and theological development of interreligious and cultural dialogue in the Catholic Church, argues that the Catholic Church of Ghana must engage religious and cultural diversity with a new outlook of dialogue and collaboration to promote national harmony in Ghana. Interculturality, this dissertation contends that the Ghana Catholic Church needs to adopt a paradigm shift in the theology of marriage instead of assuming as normative the canonical form of the Council of Trent, which does not resonate with the culture of the Akans. The consequence of the ‘imposition’ of this tradition on the church of Ghana has resulted in the multiplicity of marriage ceremonies before an Akan married spouse can participate at the eucharistic table. This has resulted in eucharistic famine and ecclesial apathy in most parishes. This dissertation explores a new context that integrates the Catholic Holy Matrimony into the culture of the Akan marriage rite. Two models of Akan-Catholic marriage are proposed considering the theological, canonical, civil, and cultural requirements for the validity and celebration of marriage that is truly Akan and truly Catholic

    COVID-19 Booster Vaccine Acceptance in Ethnic Minority Individuals in the United Kingdom: a mixed-methods study using Protection Motivation Theory

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    Background: Uptake of the COVID-19 booster vaccine among ethnic minority individuals has been lower than in the general population. However, there is little research examining the psychosocial factors that contribute to COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy in this population.Aim: Our study aimed to determine which factors predicted COVID-19 vaccination intention in minority ethnic individuals in Middlesbrough, using Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, in addition to demographic variables.Method: We used a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative data were collected using an online survey. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews. 64 minority ethnic individuals (33 females, 31 males; mage = 31.06, SD = 8.36) completed the survey assessing PMT constructs, COVID-19conspiracy beliefs and demographic factors. 42.2% had received the booster vaccine, 57.6% had not. 16 survey respondents were interviewed online to gain further insight into factors affecting booster vaccineacceptance.Results: Multiple regression analysis showed that perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 was a significant predictor of booster vaccination intention, with higher perceived susceptibility being associated with higher intention to get the booster. Additionally, COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs significantly predictedintention to get the booster vaccine, with higher conspiracy beliefs being associated with lower intention to get the booster dose. Thematic analysis of the interview data showed that barriers to COVID-19 booster vaccination included time constraints and a perceived lack of practical support in the event ofexperiencing side effects. Furthermore, there was a lack of confidence in the vaccine, with individuals seeing it as lacking sufficient research. Participants also spoke of medical mistrust due to historical events involving medical experimentation on minority ethnic individuals.Conclusion: PMT and conspiracy beliefs predict COVID-19 booster vaccination in minority ethnic individuals. To help increase vaccine uptake, community leaders need to be involved in addressing people’s concerns, misassumptions, and lack of confidence in COVID-19 vaccination

    The Sultan of New York: Instructive Entertainment and Ottoman Armenian Politics in Nineteenth-Century America (1818-1895)

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    This thesis is a biographical microhistory of Christopher Oscanyan (1818-1895), the first known Armenian American. Sent by American missionaries from Ottoman Constantinople to New York City in 1834, Oscanyan became known across the United States as “the Oriental lecturer,” and “the Turk.” Over the course of the century, he used a range of popular media — lectures, books, newspapers, photographs, tableaux vivant, comic opera, and personal costume — to "correct [Americans'] erroneous impressions" of the “Turks" and cultivate “mutual diplomatic relations” between his two countries. Through his efforts, he sought not only to create a “friendly” relationship between the United States and the Ottoman Empire based on mutual understanding between equal nations, but also to promote political reform within the Ottoman Empire itself. The available sources reveal a man committed to delivering instructive entertainment as well as publicly discussing Ottoman and Armenian politics. Notably, his embrace of spectacle on the lecture circuit did not preclude him from engaging seriously with such political matters. In fact, his celebrity and credibility as an expert instructor gave him the platform from which to do so. This thesis analyzes how Oscanyan’s career illuminates and animates the rise of a professional ecosystem that blended entertainment, instruction, and politics. Finally, this thesis traces the evolution of Oscanyan’s own political views. Oscanyan’s politics and diplomatic work changed radically in the 1870s, when relations between the Ottoman Empire and its Christian populations became more fraught than ever. From the late 1870s until his death, Oscanyan worked exclusively to construct strong diplomatic relations between Ottoman Armenians and Americans, championing, especially, Armenian immigration to the United States. While he still wrote about the Ottoman Empire and its people, these writings were increasingly styled as personal memoirs of Turkey’s past – not depictions of an equal nation with which to develop a diplomatic future

    Harnessing the wind : East and Central African activists and anticolonial cultures in a decolonising world, 1952-64

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    Defence date: 17 September 2019Examining Board: Prof. Corinna Unger, European University Institute (Supervisor); Prof. Lucy Riall, European University Institute; Dr. Rob Skinner, University of Bristol; Prof. Jan-Bart Gewald, Leiden UniversityThis thesis maps the anticolonial thought and practice – an anticolonial culture – of a generation of mobile activists from Malawi, Zambia, Uganda and mainland Tanzania, during the period 1952-64. Global histories of decolonisation continue to portray the independence of East and Central Africa as a natural corollary of a world-wide process, a narrative facilitated by the neglect of anticolonial work beyond the borders of the nation-state-to-be in (revisionist) histories of African nationalism. As it appeared to the actors in this thesis, however, the momentum of decolonisation needed to be actively harnessed from beyond colonial borders, by building contacts, publishing pamphlets, organising conferences and changing minds. Putting ‘nationalism’ to one side, and foregrounding the everyday frustrations of transnational organising, makes legible a swathe of previously ignored printed ephemera. This allows us to follow these activists from the period 1952-55, when this generation passed through education institutions (in Africa and abroad) in the context of a set of regional crises and the consolidation of party politics; through the period 1956-59, when external representation in London, New Delhi, Cairo, and Accra became a (contested) strategy of the relevant nationalist parties; and into the period 1960-64, when all four countries gained flag independence and activists became increasingly disillusioned with the possibilities of transnational action in a Cold War context. Specific ideas about information, knowledge production, and publicity emerged from carrying out anticolonial work around the edges of an increasingly oppressive colonial state. These ideas responded to and shaped pan-African and Afro-Asian discourses, and informed better-documented moments of global activism in the following decades. Looking in at global anticolonial ‘hubs’ and ‘moments’ from the perspective of interested actors at their edges, the thesis demonstrates that not only did these activists do the labour of connecting up decolonisations – they also co-authored the narrative that decolonisation was global

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    Janus.Net vol.14, nÂș

    Electricity Access, Decarbonization, and Integration of Renewables

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    This Open-Access-Book covers different aspects of the low-carbon energy transformation in a unique manner, with a particular focus on two regions, South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. The first part of the book provides useful insights on changes and reforms in the energy sector of Bangladesh, while the second part illustrates the low-carbon energy transformation in South Asia and the third part covers lessons from Sub-Saharan Africa. In all of these regions, the energy sector is undergoing major changes, driven by the four D’s: Decarbonization, decentralization, digitization, and democratization. Major overhauls are taking place at all levels: The country level, where energy mixes are rapidly changing, the corporate level, where large state-owned and private companies are challenged and new actors are emerging, and the local level, where technical and regulatory change has made citizen engagement and community power an option to replace or at least complement centralized supply structures

    Objection my Lord: legal practice demystified

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    Having received a brief of the client’s case, and identified legal issues. You should develop a Checklist to enable you pick necessary legal information you would need to advise the client and also in case of court action, sufficient information to support the action and also the mode of Commencement. In developing one you can be guided by the Substantive legislation on the matter, case law and even the CPR for example Check list No Standard template Make sure it covers the details of the workshop question There and general things in the personal details 0.7. 1 is also a guiding factor
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