811 research outputs found
Infinite motion and 2-distinguishability of graphs and groups
A group A acting faithfully on a set X is 2-distinguishable if there is a 2-coloring of X that is not preserved by any nonidentity element of A, equivalently, if there is a proper subset of X with trivial setwise stabilizer. The motion of an element a in A is the number of points of X that are moved by a, and the motion of the group A is the minimal motion of its nonidentity elements. When A is finite, the Motion Lemma says that if the motion of A is large enough (specifically at least 2 log_2 |A|), then the action is 2-distinguishable. For many situations where X has a combinatorial or algebraic structure, the Motion Lemma implies that the action of Aut(X) on X is 2-distinguishable in all but finitely many instances.
We prove an infinitary version of the Motion Lemma for countably infinite permutation groups, which states that infinite motion is large enough to guarantee 2-distinguishability. From this we deduce a number of results, including the fact that every locally finite, connected graph whose automorphism group is countably infinite is 2-distinguishable. One cannot extend the Motion Lemma to uncountable permutation groups, but nonetheless we prove that (under the permutation topology) every closed permutation group with infinite motion has a dense subgroup which is 2-distinguishable. We conjecture an extension of the Motion Lemma which we expect holds for a restricted class of uncountable permutation groups, and we conclude with a list of open questions. The consequences of our results are drawn for orbit equivalence of infinite permutation groups
On the Distinguishing Number of Cyclic Tournaments: Towards the Albertson-Collins Conjecture
A distinguishing -labeling of a digraph is a mapping from
the set of verticesof to the set of labels such that no
nontrivial automorphism of preserves all the labels.The distinguishing
number of is then the smallest for which admits a
distinguishing -labeling.From a result of Gluck (David Gluck, Trivial
set-stabilizers in finite permutation groups,{\em Can. J. Math.} 35(1) (1983),
59--67),it follows that for every cyclic tournament~ of (odd) order
.Let for every such tournament.Albertson and
Collins conjectured in 1999that the canonical 2-labeling given
by if and only if is distinguishing.We prove that
whenever one of the subtournaments of induced by vertices or
is rigid, satisfies Albertson-Collins Conjecture.Using
this property, we prove that several classes of cyclic tournaments satisfy
Albertson-Collins Conjecture.Moreover, we also prove that every Paley
tournament satisfies Albertson-Collins Conjecture
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