Developing an Efficient DMCIS with Next-Generation Wireless Networks

The impact of extreme events across the globe is extraordinary which continues to handicap the advancement of the struggling developing societies and threatens most of the industrialized countries in the globe. Various fields of Information and Communication Technology have widely been used for efficient disaster management; but only to a limited extent though, there is a tremendous potential for increasing efficiency and effectiveness in coping with disasters with the utilization of emerging wireless network technologies. Early warning, response to the particular situation and proper recovery are among the main focuses of an efficient disaster management system today. Considering these aspects, in this paper we propose a framework for developing an efficient Disaster Management Communications and Information System (DMCIS) which is basically benefited by the exploitation of the emerging wireless network technologies combined with other networking and data processing technologies.Comment: 6 page

Evolving technologies for disaster management in U.S. Cities

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-65).The rapid development of modem technology has increased access to and reliance on sophisticated communication and real time technology. These technologies, which have become embedded within everyday life, have significant implications for government agencies - particularly within the field of disaster management. This paper draws on the evolution of disaster research, the history of disaster management in the US, literature on emerging uses of social media technology, and interviews from 24 emergency management offices in the US to examine three questions: 1) What types of technology are cities currently using in disaster management, 2) Which factors are most influential in determining how cities select emergency management technology, and 3) How can future technology development better address the needs of emergency managers? Several conclusions and observations emerged from analysis of the current literature and interview data. First, technology is primarily used by city disaster management agencies in the preparedness and response phrases of the disaster cycle. These technologies can be grouped into communications, data management, and simulation technologies. Cities are already operating on web-based platforms and are, in many cases, tentatively experimenting with the use of social media as a one-way broadcasting system rather than a bi-directional platform to gather information from the general public. Second, while various factors impact technology adoption, funding, the support of a political champion, and legal concerns stand out in particular. In addition to these adoption factors, cities are also currently facing a number of challenges including general interoperability, changing government-public relations, and increasingly mobile populations. Future technology needs must work to address these issues through the development and adoption of open standards, strengthening data integration capacities. Cities much also better leverage both existing and new forms of communication to build the level of trust needed to both reduce vulnerability and increase resilience.by Vanessa Mei-Yee Ng.M.C.P

Redesigning More Resilent Sahana System For Disaster Information In Indonesia

This application is a disaster information system in Indonesia using Sahana platform that has many unique features of the integration Sahana disaster with some applications that have been built independently in the previous year of mudflow in Sidoarjo, Solo in Bojonegoro Flood, and Forest Fires in Kalimantan. Addition, this application provides a virtual feature class that is learning GIS and Sahana, complete with an online test and the results. Since the system is web-based, then use the appropriate technology that is MapServer as web server, php, html, and javascript as a system builder and PostgreSQL for data storage. To improve the security of these applications also added SSL and Mod Security. SSL to secure data line and mod security to prevent attacks SQL Injection and Cross Site Scripting. Two of these securities will keep the system from attack, so the important data such as victims of disasters, infrastructure and map safe. With this integration, these applications into a complete information system, safely and in accordance with local conditions of each disaster. Keywords : Disaster Management, Sahana, Virtual Class, Integration System

Spatial Information Technology for Disaster Management

Most major geohazards such as floods, forest fire and oil spills occur suddenly, and require an immediate response. This paper describes the development and establishment a spatial information technology and engineering system that uses GIS and Remote Sensing technologies to detect, monitor and assess geohazards, including floods, forest fire and oil spills. The potential application of Remote sensing and GIS techniques for floods and oil spills is discussed. The oil spill risk management system study was developed for coastal zone of Peninsular Malaysia. The development of GIS database used remotely sensed data from Landsat TM, SPOT Panchromatic and MSS, AVHRR and air-borne images. For the flood studies, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was created for Klang River Basin from the input data of contour lines. DEMs stored the data for the slope analysis, terrain analysis and also visualizing for the flood simulation. SCS TR-55 Model was used to predict the extent of inundation and depth of flooding. Parameters of rainfall, landuse and hydrological relief were adopted as the main input data. These two case studies will provide the technical guidelines for in-depth study in GIS and remote sensing for disaster managemen

Next generation, secure cloud-based pan-European information system for enhanced disaster awareness

Information management in disaster situations is challenging, yet critical for efficient response and recovery. Today information flows are difficult to establish, partial, redundant, overly complex or insecure, besides the interoperability between heterogeneous organisations is limited. This paper presents a novel system architecture that enables combining of several communication technologies in a secure manner. This supports creation of a pan-European 'Common Information Space' by rescue organizations that can enable more efficient and effective information management in disaster response. Moreover, this technology can be used for disaster preparedness (e.g., training, tutorials). The modular architecture is designed to consider future evolutions of technology by defining interfaces for the integration of new technologies and services

Comprehensive planning and the role of SDSS in flood disaster management in Malaysia

Purpose – To present a comprehensive flood management plan for Malaysia, the various planning stages and the proponents of the plan. It is also to expound and highlight the importance of spatial information technology in the strategy and to outline the critical decision-making at various levels of the plan. Design/methodology/approach – A review of flood disaster management aimed at providing an insight into the strategies for a comprehensive flood disaster management for Malaysia. Discussion of the framework of a spatial decision support system (SDSS) and its role in decision-making in a comprehensive disaster management plan. Findings – Provides information about a proposed comprehensive disaster management program for Malaysia and highlight the role of SDSS in improving decision-making. It recognizes the strength of SDSS in the collection and processing of information to speed up communication between the proponents of the disaster management program. A well-design SDSS for flood disaster management should present a balance among capabilities of dialog, data and modeling. Research limitations/implications – The study has outlined the links and components of SDSS and not its development processes; this may limit the used of this paper in in-depth study of the development if SDSS. Some source for detail study of the development of SDSS have, however, been cited. Practical implications – This paper is a very useful source of information about the preparation of a comprehensive disaster management program. It also sheds light on the role of SDSS in improving and speeding up communication between the various proponents of the program. Researcher and students will fine, it provides general guidelines and framework for disaster planning and management. Originality/value – This paper fulfills flood disaster study need for developing a comprehensive disaster management program. It presents the framework of SDSS, the interrelationship between their various components and how they play a role in decision-making

MANAJEMEN SISTEM INFORMASI KEBENCANAAN: STUDI KASUS JOGJA TANGGAP CEPAT DALAM MENGELOLA INFORMASI BENCANA ERUPSI MERAPI

This study aims to determine the management of disaster information system Jogja Tanggap Cepat (JTC) in information management Merapi eruption. Jogja Tanggap Cepat (JTC) is a civil society movement who participated concerned about the events of Mount Merapi eruption in 2010 ago. This study used a qualitative approach to assess the disaster information management system Jogja Tanggap Cepat (JTC), the informants in this study is the leader of the institution, the multimedia division, and volunteer coordinator Jogja Tanggap Cepat (JTC). Data collected by in-depth interviews. The collected data were then analyzed using descriptive analytic model. The results showed that information and communication technologies Jogja Tanggap Cepat (JTC) has the potential to play an important role in disaster prevention and mitigation management. Remote sensing for early warning was made possible by various technologies that are available, including satellite telecommunications, telemetry and radar meteorology. Communications and information technology is used as a channel for disseminating information about the impending disaster. Making it possible to take the necessary precautions to reduce the impact of disasters. In line with this, after the eruption of Mount Merapi in Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta Rapid Response in cooperation with local governments, Yogyakarta special region and is supported by XL Axiata build a program "Java Semesta" a program based on ICT and use of information and communication technology

Gender equity in disaster early warning systems

Capacities of societies, communities and individuals or a social-ecological system to deal with adverse consequences and the impacts of hazard events define the resilience. New and innovative Emergency Communications, Warning Systems (ECWS) technologies and solutions improve resilience of the nations. Research shows that different types of systems (e.g. decision support, resource management, early warning, communications, and inter-agency) are highly valued in emergency and disaster events reducing live losses. As many individuals have online access today and young women have increased their online communication and young men tend to explore technology resources, the potential of using user friendly third revolution digital technology such as semantic features and devices (e.g. SMART phones) have the potential to improve the access to early warning/risk in-formation supporting community decision making saving lives. These personal and social relations that reflect gender dimensions can certainly be examined improving resilience making communities more prepared for disasters with proactive decision making for early warning. Fostering awareness about gender equity which is the recognition of women and men as active participants in development can tailor made within the context of resilience and more specifically within early warning systems saving lives of the people at immediate risk including the dependence of mother’s care (children and older people). In this context, this paper attempts to synthesis literature on the topic of gender equity within disaster early warning systems