Irritable digestive tract

This new nosologic entity known as &#34;Nasio irritable digestive tract&#34;, is defined as the reversible, functional neuromyosecreory trouble of the whole or a segment of the digestive tract, that alternates with periods of health with an irregular and long evolution, influenced particularly by psychical factors, and that develops in neurovegetative distony constitutions.</p

Utilization of Channels Digestion Golden Snail (Pomacea Canaliculata) as Lytic Enzyme and Application on Yeast Pichia Manshurica DUCC-Y15

Mollusks were one of invertebrate animals that have not been studied and used in in the field of enzyme. One type of mollusk that has not been exploited significantly is golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata), especially in the digestive tract for the production of lytic enzymes. Lytic enzymes can be used as a microbial cell wall-breaking agents that will produce protoplasts, besides that this enzyme plays an important role in protoplast isolation technique producing good and healthy protoplasts. Protoplasts derived from the yeast Pichia manshurica DUCC-Y15is capable of producing the inulinase enzyme. The aim of this study was to use the digestive tract golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata) as lytic enzymes and to determine the amount of the released protoplasts at a concentration level of lytic enzymes different from the digestive tract golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata). Lytic enzyme concentrations used in this study was 75% (E3) and 100% (E4). The results showed that the digestive tract golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata) can produce lytic enzymes, the higher the concentration of lytic enzymes digestive tract golden snail given, then the higher the protoplasts were released. At a concentration of 75% lytic enzyme (E3) liberate protoplasts of 6.7 x 1017 (33.4%) and 100% (E4) of 9.9 x 1017 (45%)

Covalent bonding of polycations to small polymeric particles

Process produces small spherical polymeric particles which have polycations bound to them. In emulsion form, particles present large positively charged surface which is available to absorb polyanions. This properly can be used in removing heparin from blood or bile acids from the digestive tract. Other anions, such as DNA and RNA, can also be removed from aqueous solutions

Role of Digestive Tract Hormone in Functional Dyspepsia

Dyspepsia is a complaint commonly found in daily practice. Functional dyspepsia is considered if the organic cause of dyspepsia is not found. The pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia has not been fully understood.However there are three main pathophysiology, which are: motility disturbance, non-motility disturbance, and psychosocial factor. Several digestive tract hormones are ghrelin, motilin, cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY (PYY), somatostatin, glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP), are thought to play role in the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia, particularly in the regulation of digestive tract motility. Currently, a new paradigm in digestive tract disturbance treatment is developing, such as motilin receptor agonist therapy (for example mitemcinal) and ghrelin receptor agonist therapy, which is used as one of the new modalities in treatment of dyspepsia

Management of Upper Aerodigestive Tract Bleeding in Patients on ECMO.

Introduction: Bleeding complications on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) are often encountered. In a review of our own series, it was found that upper aero digestive tract bleeding was common and management was often difficult. We propose an algorithm to help manage upper aero digestive tract bleeding in the anticoagulated, ECMO patient. Hypothesis: Once an ECMO patient fails conservative management for upper aero digestive bleeding, more aggressive measures will prove successful, which will provide benefit to the patient. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of the patients who underwent venovenous or veno-arterial ECMO at our institution between July 2010 and July 2012. The patients that had upper aero digestive tract bleeding that required an Otolaryngology consultation were identified. They were further investigated to determine location of bleed and procedures performed to control the bleeding. Results: Among the 37 consecutive patients on ECMO, 11 (30%) had upper aero digestive tract bleeding events. Of these 11, 6 (55%) were secondary to an iatrogenic incident, such as placing a nasogastric tube or transesophageal echo probe. All 11 patients were treated at bedside with conservative management and 2 were treated in the operating room. 72.7 % of patients treated with conservative management required repeated procedures due to incomplete hemostasis, compared to 0% of patients once surgical intervention was complete. Conclusions: Approximately one third of the ECMO patients developed upper aero digestive tract bleeding. This bleeding should be controlled in a timely manner otherwise it may result in massive transfusions. Delaying intervention or conservative management may not be effective. We recommend surgical intervention if the initial conservative management failed and continued to bleed for more than 24-36 hours

Composition of the Adult Digestive Tract Bacterial Microbiome Based on Seven Mouth Surfaces, Tonsils, Throat and Stool Samples

Background: To understand the relationship between our bacterial microbiome and health, it is essential to define the microbiome in the absence of disease. The digestive tract includes diverse habitats and hosts the human body's greatest bacterial density. We describe the bacterial community composition of ten digestive tract sites from more than 200 normal adults enrolled in the Human Microbiome Project, and metagenomically determined metabolic potentials of four representative sites. Results: The microbiota of these diverse habitats formed four groups based on similar community compositions: buccal mucosa, keratinized gingiva, hard palate; saliva, tongue, tonsils, throat; sub- and supra-gingival plaques; and stool. Phyla initially identified from environmental samples were detected throughout this population, primarily TM7, SR1, and Synergistetes. Genera with pathogenic members were well-represented among this disease-free cohort. Tooth-associated communities were distinct, but not entirely dissimilar, from other oral surfaces. The Porphyromonadaceae, Veillonellaceae and Lachnospiraceae families were common to all sites, but the distributions of their genera varied significantly. Most metabolic processes were distributed widely throughout the digestive tract microbiota, with variations in metagenomic abundance between body habitats. These included shifts in sugar transporter types between the supragingival plaque, other oral surfaces, and stool; hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide production were also differentially distributed. Conclusions: The microbiomes of ten digestive tract sites separated into four types based on composition. A core set of metabolic pathways was present across these diverse digestive tract habitats. These data provide a critical baseline for future studies investigating local and systemic diseases affecting human health

Entanglement in and ingestion of marine debris by sea turtles stranded along the South Texas coast

Entanglement data were collected from sea turtle stranding reports submitted to the Sea Turtle Stranding and Salvage Network from Mustang and North Padre Islands, Texas during 1986 and 1987. Data collected included: month and location of stranding, species stranded, curved carapace length of the turtle and type of entanglement. A general necropsy similar to that described by Wolke and George (1981) was performed on dead sea turtles stranded during 1986 and 1987 on Mustang, North Padre and South Padre Islands, Texas. During necropsy, the curved carapace length and width was measured, sex was determined by external examination of the gonads, the entire digestive tract was removed and all organs were examined for irregularities in an attempt to determine the cause of death of the turtle. The esophagus, stomach and intestinal tract were later opened in the lab. If debris was present, it was removed and its location in the digestive tract was noted. The remaining gut contents were preserved in 10% buffered formalin for later analysis.Marine Scienc

Digestive enzyme complement of Liza parsia (Hamilton)

An attempt was made to survey various digestive enzymes present in different regions of the digestive tract of the mullet, Liza parsia. The crude enzyme extracts from the digestive tract could hydrolyse a wide range of carbohydrate substrates. Amylase and maltase were the major carbohydrases detected throughout the alimentary canal with higher in pyloric caecae and intestine. Cellulase was not detected. Trace of acid protease activity was detected in the cardiac stomach extracts. High alkaline protease activity was observed in the phyloric caecae, followed by anterior inte,tine. Trypsin and chymotrypsin were the major endoproteases. Carboxypeptidases were detected in trace amounts: leucine aminopeptidase was the important exopeptidase