12,077 research outputs found

    Serving to secure "Global Korea": Gender, mobility, and flight attendant labor migrants

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    This dissertation is an ethnography of mobility and modernity in contemporary South Korea (the Republic of Korea) following neoliberal restructuring precipitated by the Asian Financial Crisis (1997). It focuses on how comparative “service,” “security,” and “safety” fashioned “Global Korea”: an ongoing state-sponsored project aimed at promoting the economic, political, and cultural maturation of South Korea from a once notoriously inhospitable, “backward” country (hujin’guk) to a now welcoming, “advanced country” (sƏnjin’guk). Through physical embodiments of the culturally-specific idiom of “superior” service (sƏbisƭ), I argue that aspiring, current, and former Korean flight attendants have driven the production and maintenance of this national project. More broadly, as a driver of this national project, this occupation has emerged out of the country’s own aspirational flights from an earlier history of authoritarian rule, labor violence, and xenophobia. Against the backdrop of the Korean state’s aggressive neoliberal restructuring, globalization efforts, and current “Hell Chosun” (HelchosƏn) economy, a group of largely academically and/or class disadvantaged young women have been able secure individualized modes of pleasure, self-fulfillment, and class advancement via what I deem “service mobilities.” Service mobilities refers to the participation of mostly women in a traditionally devalued but growing sector of the global labor market, the “pink collar” economy centered around “feminine” care labor. Korean female flight attendants share labor skills resembling those of other foreign labor migrants (chiefly from the “Global South”), who perform care work deemed less desirable. Yet, Korean female flight attendants elude the stigmatizing, classed, and racialized category of “labor migrant.” Moreover, within the context of South Korea’s unique history of rapid modernization, the flight attendant occupation also commands considerable social prestige. Based on ethnographic and archival research on aspiring, current, and former Korean flight attendants, this dissertation asks how these unique care laborers negotiate a metaphorical and literal series of sustained border crossings and inspections between Korean flight attendants’ contingent status as lowly care-laboring migrants, on the one hand, and ostensibly glamorous, globetrotting elites, on the other. This study contends the following: first, the flight attendant occupation in South Korea represents new politics of pleasure and pain in contemporary East Asia. Second, Korean female flight attendants’ enactments of soft, sanitized, and glamorous (hwaryƏhada) service help to purify South Korea’s less savory past. In so doing, Korean flight attendants reconstitute the historical role of female laborers as burden bearers and caretakers of the Korean state.U of I OnlyAuthor submitted a 2-year U of I restriction extension request

    An Analysis of the Impact of Computer Based Technologies on Business Communications

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    This article utilizes Information Communication Technology (ICT) frameworks to investigate the impactful effect of Information Communication Technology (ICT) such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) and electronic commerce (e-commerce) on businesses in general. A narrative literature review analysis (or type) of research has been adopted, while a Boolean search of 24 articles met the criteria for inclusion. As part of the literature search, the data collection procedure took into account the first and second authors of the completed simultaneous electronic and ancestral searches for peer-reviewed articles by using the online database, Association of Computing Machinery (ACM), and five databases from A Database Management System (DBMS): Oracle Database Software (ODS), A Relational Database Management System (RDMS), Journal Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (JDMKD) as well as Google scholar and advanced Google scholar. As part of the findings for the study utilized for the article, many scholars made specific inferences to the ICT applications in firms and businesses. Out of the twenty-four articles, six of the researchers, thus 24%, underscored and also perceived that e-commerce has become a widely accepted method for business operation. Researchers of 4 articles—thus 17% -- explicitly stated in their research that the use of e-commerce in the business world has benefited companies greatly. A total of 7 (29.5%) researchers –provide detailed discussion in the literature about labor productivity and ICT applications in businesses, mass communications, firms, and organizations, as well as the effective implementation of ERP in firms, businesses, and organizations. Above all, the article has unearthed implications as well as made cogent suggestion for future research in order to contribute to overall educational policy of society. Toward this end, three (12.5%) researchers provide a discussion about Supply Chain Management (SCM) performance and the components of an ERP system as well as ERP successful implementation emphasizing on the application and importance of ICT to businesses. Keywords: ICT, Enterprise, Resource, Planning, Businesses, Firms, E-commerce, Computers, Database DOI: 10.7176/CEIS/14-2-04 Publication date:March 31st 202

    Towards ending incarceration of Indigenous peoples in Canada: A critical, narrative inquiry of hegemonic power in the Gladue report process

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    Abstract This study is concerned with the possibility that Gladue perpetuates the hegemonic powers of settler colonialism, white supremacy, patriarchy, and neoliberalism. Gladue is intended to remediate systemic anti-Indigenous racism by requiring judges to consider all alternatives to incarceration when sentencing Indigenous peoples, yet Indigenous incarceration rates continue to rise precipitously. On the surface, Gladue does not appear to disrupt the hegemonic status quo. How is it that the Canadian state, even when ‘remediating,’ keeps producing the same – colonial, oppressive, and tyrannical – result? This qualitative study used a critical, narrative methodology, interviewing Gladue report writers (n=9) and judges (n=12) about their perspectives and experiences with Gladue, particularly Gladue reports. The study purposefully emphasized settler accountability – research as reparation – in the research design, data collection, and analysis. A careful, ethical protocol for researching with Indigenous peoples (n=9) was followed, premised in Truth and Reconciliation ‘Call to Action’ number 30 to reduce Indigenous incarceration in Canada. This study found that Gladue is falling short of achieving its systemic aim because of (a) a hyper-individualistic, dehumanizing configuration that discursively shifts judges away from dealing with the systemic issue of anti-Indigenous racism, towards judging the individual Indigenous person before the court; (b) colonial mentalities (e.g., whiteness and patriarchy) persisting in the process; (c) a lack of funding for Gladue writers, as well alternatives to incarceration, constraining judges’ capacities to divert Indigenous away from prisons. The study points towards the need for a more radical framework for Gladue that honours Indigenous self-determination and foundational treaties such as the Two Row Wampum

    MODERNISATION OF THE LEGAL REGULATION OF TEMPORARY RESTRICTIONS ON THE EXERCISE OF PRIVATE RIGHTS IN UKRAINE ON THE WAY TO ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

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    The subject of the study is the theoretical and applied aspects of legal regulation of certain economic relations, in particular, the temporal restrictions on the implementation of private rights in Ukraine. Methodology. General scientific and special legal methods were used in the research process. Quantitative and qualitative parameters of organisational, legal and economic measures aimed at modernising the legal regulation of time limits on the exercise of private rights in Ukraine were determined with the help of the analysis. The synthesis ensured the clarification of the common features of economic and legal phenomena, which is a precondition for the modernisation of the legal regulation of time limits for the exercise of private rights in Ukraine. The comparative legal method allowed to identify common and specific features of the normative regulation of time limits on the exercise of private rights in different states (taking into account legal and economic features). The formal-legal method made it possible to draw conclusions on the effectiveness of the normative fixing of time limits on the exercise of private rights in the civil legislation of Ukraine and to make relevant proposals for changes in the civil legislation. The purpose of the study is to determine the state of legal regulation of time limitations on the exercise of private rights in Ukraine and to determine the prospects of its modernisation for the sake of economic integration (through the study of legal and economic aspects of the specified phenomenon). The results of the study showed that the state of legal regulation of time limits on the implementation of private rights in Ukraine on the way to economic integration creates the conditions for its modernisation within the framework of general and special legal regulations. Conclusion. The basis of the civilised development of the modern world community is the establishment of civilised rules for the circulation of relevant property goods. From this point of view, among the social relations that are the subject of civil law regulation, the most important are property rights and non-property rights related to them (which have no economic significance, but by their very nature play an important role in ensuring civil circulation). The Civil Code of any state is a basic legislative act regulating a significant part of social relations. The modernisation of temporal categories in various institutions of civil law can be characterised from the standpoint of the concept of updating the Civil Code of Ukraine, as well as from the study of the state and the need for improvement of other legal structures, in particular, from the standpoint of international jurisprudence. The temporal characteristics of the law are characterised through the prism of the limitation of the subjective right to intellectual property, which is generally consistent with the normative prescriptions contained in intellectual property law as a subdivision of civil law. The problematic aspects of the unification of intellectual property relations in the general provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine and special legislation are identified, and proposals for the legal regulation of such relations are made in the light of international legislation, judicial practice and legal doctrine

    The Metaverse: Survey, Trends, Novel Pipeline Ecosystem & Future Directions

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    The Metaverse offers a second world beyond reality, where boundaries are non-existent, and possibilities are endless through engagement and immersive experiences using the virtual reality (VR) technology. Many disciplines can benefit from the advancement of the Metaverse when accurately developed, including the fields of technology, gaming, education, art, and culture. Nevertheless, developing the Metaverse environment to its full potential is an ambiguous task that needs proper guidance and directions. Existing surveys on the Metaverse focus only on a specific aspect and discipline of the Metaverse and lack a holistic view of the entire process. To this end, a more holistic, multi-disciplinary, in-depth, and academic and industry-oriented review is required to provide a thorough study of the Metaverse development pipeline. To address these issues, we present in this survey a novel multi-layered pipeline ecosystem composed of (1) the Metaverse computing, networking, communications and hardware infrastructure, (2) environment digitization, and (3) user interactions. For every layer, we discuss the components that detail the steps of its development. Also, for each of these components, we examine the impact of a set of enabling technologies and empowering domains (e.g., Artificial Intelligence, Security & Privacy, Blockchain, Business, Ethics, and Social) on its advancement. In addition, we explain the importance of these technologies to support decentralization, interoperability, user experiences, interactions, and monetization. Our presented study highlights the existing challenges for each component, followed by research directions and potential solutions. To the best of our knowledge, this survey is the most comprehensive and allows users, scholars, and entrepreneurs to get an in-depth understanding of the Metaverse ecosystem to find their opportunities and potentials for contribution

    Economia colaborativa

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    A importĂąncia de se proceder Ă  anĂĄlise dos principais desafios jurĂ­dicos que a economia colaborativa coloca – pelas implicaçÔes que as mudanças de paradigma dos modelos de negĂłcios e dos sujeitos envolvidos suscitam − Ă© indiscutĂ­vel, correspondendo Ă  necessidade de se fomentar a segurança jurĂ­dica destas prĂĄticas, potenciadoras de crescimento econĂłmico e bem-estar social. O Centro de Investigação em Justiça e Governação (JusGov) constituiu uma equipa multidisciplinar que, alĂ©m de juristas, integra investigadores de outras ĂĄreas, como a economia e a gestĂŁo, dos vĂĄrios grupos do JusGov – embora com especial participação dos investigadores que integram o grupo E-TEC (Estado, Empresa e Tecnologia) – e de outras prestigiadas instituiçÔes nacionais e internacionais, para desenvolver um projeto neste domĂ­nio, com o objetivo de identificar os problemas jurĂ­dicos que a economia colaborativa suscita e avaliar se jĂĄ existem soluçÔes para aqueles, refletindo igualmente sobre a conveniĂȘncia de serem introduzidas alteraçÔes ou se serĂĄ mesmo necessĂĄrio criar nova regulamentação. O resultado desta investigação Ă© apresentado nesta obra, com o que se pretende fomentar a continuação do debate sobre este tema.Esta obra Ă© financiada por fundos nacionais atravĂ©s da FCT — Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e a Tecnologia, I.P., no Ăąmbito do Financiamento UID/05749/202

    Corporate Social Responsibility: the institutionalization of ESG

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    Understanding the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on firm performance as it relates to industries reliant on technological innovation is a complex and perpetually evolving challenge. To thoroughly investigate this topic, this dissertation will adopt an economics-based structure to address three primary hypotheses. This structure allows for each hypothesis to essentially be a standalone empirical paper, unified by an overall analysis of the nature of impact that ESG has on firm performance. The first hypothesis explores the evolution of CSR to the modern quantified iteration of ESG has led to the institutionalization and standardization of the CSR concept. The second hypothesis fills gaps in existing literature testing the relationship between firm performance and ESG by finding that the relationship is significantly positive in long-term, strategic metrics (ROA and ROIC) and that there is no correlation in short-term metrics (ROE and ROS). Finally, the third hypothesis states that if a firm has a long-term strategic ESG plan, as proxied by the publication of CSR reports, then it is more resilience to damage from controversies. This is supported by the finding that pro-ESG firms consistently fared better than their counterparts in both financial and ESG performance, even in the event of a controversy. However, firms with consistent reporting are also held to a higher standard than their nonreporting peers, suggesting a higher risk and higher reward dynamic. These findings support the theory of good management, in that long-term strategic planning is both immediately economically beneficial and serves as a means of risk management and social impact mitigation. Overall, this contributes to the literature by fillings gaps in the nature of impact that ESG has on firm performance, particularly from a management perspective

    Critical Review on Internet of Things (IoT): Evolution and Components Perspectives

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    Technological advancement in recent years has transformed the internet to a network where everything is linked, and everyday objects can be recognised and controlled. This interconnection is popularly termed as the Internet of Things (IoT). Although, IoT remains popular in academic literature, limited studies have focused on its evolution, components, and implications for industries. Hence, the focus of this book chapter is to explore these dimensions, and their implications for industries. The study adopted the critical review method, to address these gaps in the IoT literature for service and manufacturing industries. Furthermore, the relevance for IoT for service and manufacturing industries were also discussed. While the impact of IoT in the next five years is expected to be high by industry practitioners, experts consider the current degree of its implementation across industry to be on the average. This critical review contributes theoretically to the literature on IoT. In effect, the intense implementation of the IoT, IIoT and IoS will go a long way in ensuring improvements in various industries that would in the long run positively impact the general livelihood of people as well as the way of doing things. Practical implications and suggestions for future studies have been discussed
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