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Perceptions of community hospital physicians on computerized physician order entry
Graduation date: 2004Objectives: To identify the perceptions of community hospital physicians on\ud
computerized physician order entry.\ud
Design: Multi-method approach consisting of a mail survey of 659 community\ud
hospital physicians with active admitting privileges at three PeaceHealth, Inc.,\ud
along with follow-up personal interviews with stratified random selection from\ud
completed survey.\ud
Measurements: Perceptions were assessed by means of a mail survey that asked\ud
physicians to rank themselves on a scale that represented the five adopter\ud
categories contained in the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) change theory, along\ud
with several questions regarding computer use and attitudes toward potential\ud
effects of computers and CPOE on medicine and healthcare. Physicians\ud
representing four of the five adopter categories were interviewed to assess\ud
general perceptions and perceived attributes of innovations, an another construct\ud
within the DOI theory.\ud
Results: The response rate was 41%. Medical specialty, years in practice, and\ud
gender were found not to influence attitudes toward use of computers or, more\ud
specifically CPOE in medicine and healthcare. However, more medical specialists\ud
favor CPOE implementation at PeaceHealth than expected.\ud
Self-ranking on the DOI five adopter categories appears to influence\ud
attitudes toward use of computers in medicine and healthcare with positive\ud
trends in improving quality, rapport, and patient satisfaction mainly in the\ud
Innovator, Early Adopter, and Early Majority categories. A positive trend was\ud
seen in the relationship between CPOE's potential effects on improving patient\ud
care, not interfering with communication, and improving patient satisfaction with\ud
negative relationships with impact on physician workflow and enjoyment of\ud
medical practice. A relationship is seen between the five adopter categories and\ud
favoring CPOE implementation at PeaceHealth.\ud
The perceived attributes of innovations of Ease of Use, Result\ud
Demonstrability, and Visibility were supported by interview responses. Relative\ud
Advantage seemed to be supported by other questions. The concept of\ud
Compatibility was also supported. No steps of the processes of change construct\ud
within the Transtheoretical Model were identified during the interviews.\ud
Conclusions: This study appears to refute the suggestion that there might be a\ud
difference between medical specialists and surgical specialists, age, or gender in their support of computers and specifically CPOE. These data appear to support\ud
the Diffusion of Innovation theory is appropriate to consider in investigating\ud
CPOE and its diffusion among community hospital physicians.\ud
Implementing CPOE according to adopter categories would provide the\ud
option for interested physicians to use CPOE, to use CPOE on certain hospital\ud
units or patients, and to expand its use before making mandatory.\ud
Communication should be targeted toward the adopter categories rather\ud
than mass media and emphasize the perceived attributes of innovation