56,065 research outputs found
Protocols for Scholarly Communication
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, has operated an
institutional preprint repository for more than 10 years. The repository
contains over 850,000 records of which more than 450,000 are full-text OA
preprints, mostly in the field of particle physics, and it is integrated with
the library's holdings of books, conference proceedings, journals and other
grey literature. In order to encourage effective propagation and open access to
scholarly material, CERN is implementing a range of innovative library services
into its document repository: automatic keywording, reference extraction,
collaborative management tools and bibliometric tools. Some of these services,
such as user reviewing and automatic metadata extraction, could make up an
interesting testbed for future publishing solutions and certainly provide an
exciting environment for e-science possibilities. The future protocol for
scientific communication should naturally guide authors towards OA publication
and CERN wants to help reach a full open access publishing environment for the
particle physics community and the related sciences in the next few years.Comment: 8 pages, to appear in Library and Information Systems in Astronomy
Physicists Thriving with Paperless Publishing
The Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) and Deutsches Elektronen
Synchrotron (DESY) libraries have been comprehensively cataloguing the High
Energy Particle Physics (HEP) literature online since 1974. The core database,
SPIRES-HEP, now indexes over 400,000 research articles, with almost 50% linked
to fulltext electronic versions (this site now has over 15 000 hits per day).
This database motivated the creation of the first site in the United States for
the World Wide Web at SLAC. With this database and the invention of the Los
Alamos E-print archives in 1991, the HEP community pioneered the trend to
"paperless publishing" and the trend to paperless access; in other words, the
"virtual library." We examine the impact this has had both on the way
scientists research and on paper-based publishing. The standard of work
archived at Los Alamos is very high. 70% of papers are eventually published in
journals and another 20% are in conference proceedings. As a service to
authors, the SPIRES-HEP collaboration has been ensuring that as much
information as possible is included with each bibliographic entry for a paper.
Such meta-data can include tables of the experimental data that researchers can
easily use to perform their own analyses as well as detailed descriptions of
the experiment, citation tracking, and links to full-text documents.Comment: 17 pages, Invited talk at the AAAS Meeting, February 2000 in
Washington, D
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Collaborative yet independent: Information practices in the physical sciences
In many ways, the physical sciences are at the forefront of using digital tools and methods to work with information and data. However, the fields and disciplines that make up the physical sciences are by no means uniform, and physical scientists find, use, and disseminate information in a variety of ways. This report examines information practices in the physical sciences across seven cases, and demonstrates the richly varied ways in which physical scientists work, collaborate, and share information and data.
This report details seven case studies in the physical sciences. For each case, qualitative interviews and focus groups were used to understand the domain. Quantitative data gathered from a survey of participants highlights different information strategies employed across the cases, and identifies important software used for research.
Finally, conclusions from across the cases are drawn, and recommendations are made. This report is the third in a series commissioned by the Research Information Network (RIN), each looking at information practices in a specific domain (life sciences, humanities, and physical sciences). The aim is to understand how researchers within a range of disciplines find and use information, and in particular how that has changed with the introduction of new technologies
Minimum impact and immediacy of citations to physics open archives of arXiv.org: Science Citation Index based reports
The present work has calculated the minimum Open Archive Impact Factors and Open Archive Immediacy Index for the Physics Classes of arXiv.org as calculated for traditional journals in Journal Citation Reports of the Institute of Scientific Information using Science Citation Index without the citation by the classes itself. The calculated Impact
Factors reveal that High-Energy Physics classes of arXiv.org (âhep-thâ, âhep-latâ, âhep-exâ, and âhep-phâ) have made more impact on the scientific community than any other classes except ânucl-exâ. The Impact Factors for the year 2003 are: âhep-thâ (0.999), ânucl-exâ (0.806), âhep-latâ (0.766), âhep-exâ (0.73), âhep-phâ (0.719), ânucl-thâ (0.338), âquant-phâ (0.334), âcond-matâ (0.313), âastro-phâ (0.195), âmath-phâ (0.162), âphysicsâ
(0.061), and âgr-qcâ (0.002). If the period for getting the citations to the open archive classes is considered one year as against two years for journal articles, the rank of the classes is the same. The immediacy of citing the Open Archives is also high for the High-Energy Physics classes. The Immediacy Indexes for the year 2003 are: âhep-exâ (0.619), âhep-thâ (0.454), âhep-phâ (0.44), âhep-latâ (0.263), ânucl-exâ (0.238), âquant-phâ (0.202), ânucl-thâ (0.185), âcond-matâ (0.168), âastro-phâ (0.094), âmath-phâ (0.075), âphysicsâ (0.03), and âgr-qcâ (0.002). The impact is definitely much higher than what is concluded from the calculated factors because self-citations are not reckoned in the study. Use of web-tools like âCitebaseâ, âCiteseerâ etc. may strengthen the above argument
The Economists Online subject repository: using institutional repositories as the foundation for international Open Access growth
A new subject repository, Economists Online (EO), has recently been launched. The pioneering model upon which it is built, aggregating the subject specific content of a consortium of participating institutions and their repositories, is examined in this article. An overview of existing subject repositories is given, along with an analysis of the scholarly communications landscape in economics and how the new EO subject repository fits into this environment. This paper makes a case for collaboration between institutional repositories as a way of increasing Open Access (OA) access to research
How the Scientific Community Reacts to Newly Submitted Preprints: Article Downloads, Twitter Mentions, and Citations
We analyze the online response to the preprint publication of a cohort of
4,606 scientific articles submitted to the preprint database arXiv.org between
October 2010 and May 2011. We study three forms of responses to these
preprints: downloads on the arXiv.org site, mentions on the social media site
Twitter, and early citations in the scholarly record. We perform two analyses.
First, we analyze the delay and time span of article downloads and Twitter
mentions following submission, to understand the temporal configuration of
these reactions and whether one precedes or follows the other. Second, we run
regression and correlation tests to investigate the relationship between
Twitter mentions, arXiv downloads and article citations. We find that Twitter
mentions and arXiv downloads of scholarly articles follow two distinct temporal
patterns of activity, with Twitter mentions having shorter delays and narrower
time spans than arXiv downloads. We also find that the volume of Twitter
mentions is statistically correlated with arXiv downloads and early citations
just months after the publication of a preprint, with a possible bias that
favors highly mentioned articles.Comment: 15 pages, 7 Figures, 3 Tables. PLoS One, in pres
The Convergence of Digital-Libraries and the Peer-Review Process
Pre-print repositories have seen a significant increase in use over the past
fifteen years across multiple research domains. Researchers are beginning to
develop applications capable of using these repositories to assist the
scientific community above and beyond the pure dissemination of information.
The contribution set forth by this paper emphasizes a deconstructed publication
model in which the peer-review process is mediated by an OAI-PMH peer-review
service. This peer-review service uses a social-network algorithm to determine
potential reviewers for a submitted manuscript and for weighting the relative
influence of each participating reviewer's evaluations. This paper also
suggests a set of peer-review specific metadata tags that can accompany a
pre-print's existing metadata record. The combinations of these contributions
provide a unique repository-centric peer-review model that fits within the
widely deployed OAI-PMH framework.Comment: Journal of Information Science [in press
The Research Space: using the career paths of scholars to predict the evolution of the research output of individuals, institutions, and nations
In recent years scholars have built maps of science by connecting the
academic fields that cite each other, are cited together, or that cite a
similar literature. But since scholars cannot always publish in the fields they
cite, or that cite them, these science maps are only rough proxies for the
potential of a scholar, organization, or country, to enter a new academic
field. Here we use a large dataset of scholarly publications disambiguated at
the individual level to create a map of science-or research space-where links
connect pairs of fields based on the probability that an individual has
published in both of them. We find that the research space is a significantly
more accurate predictor of the fields that individuals and organizations will
enter in the future than citation based science maps. At the country level,
however, the research space and citations based science maps are equally
accurate. These findings show that data on career trajectories-the set of
fields that individuals have previously published in-provide more accurate
predictors of future research output for more focalized units-such as
individuals or organizations-than citation based science maps
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