"Wormhole" geometry for entrapping topologically-protected qubits in non-Abelian quantum Hall states and probing them with voltage and noise measurements

We study a tunneling geometry defined by a single point-contact constriction that brings to close vicinity two points sitting at the same edge of a quantum Hall liquid, shortening the trip between the otherwise spatially separated points along the normal chiral edge path. This ``wormhole''-like geometry allows for entrapping bulk quasiparticles between the edge path and the tunnel junction, possibly realizing a topologically protected qubit if the quasiparticles have non-Abelian statistics. We show how either noise or simpler voltage measurements along the edge can probe the non-Abelian nature of the trapped quasiparticles.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figue

Systems Approach To Evaluate Growth And Meat Production Of Sheep Under Two Production Systems

The growth and carcass performance of sheep reared under integration in the mature oil palm plantation and feedlot system were studied using a systems approach. Simulation models of the growth and carcass of the Dorset x Siamese Long Tail (DSLT) and Dorset x Malin (DMalin) sheep were described. To construct simulation models to evaluate a production system, a series of studies were carried out. Firstly, the dry matter intake, energy intake and energy requirements of sheep were determined. Secondly, the live weight changes, carcass, muscle, fat and bone weight changes were measured. Thirdly, the models were constructed to describe the growth and carcass performance of sheep under the two production systems. Validations of the simulation models were done by comparing the simulated data with the actual data of live weight, carcass and its tissue weight

Dynamics of Pyroclastic Density Currents: Conditions That Promote Substrate Erosion and Self-Channelization - Mount St Helens, Washington (USA)

The May 18th, 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens (MSH) produced multiple pyroclastic density currents (PDCs), burying the area north of the volcano under 10s of meters of deposits. Detailed measurements of recently exposed strata from these PDCs provide substantial insight into the dynamics of concentrated currents including inferences on particle-particle interactions, current mobility due to sedimentation fluidization and internal pore pressure, particle support mechanisms, the influence of surface roughness and the conditions that promote substrate erosion and self-channelization. Four primary flow units are identified along the extensive drainage system north of the volcano. Each flow unit has intricate vertical and lateral facies changes and complex cross-cutting relationships away from source. Each flow unit is an accumulation from an unsteady but locally sustained PDC or an amalgamation of several PDC pulses. The PDCs associated with Units I and II likely occurred during the pre-climactic, waxing phase of the eruption. These currents flowed around and filled in the hummocky topography, leaving the massive to diffusely-stratified deposits of Units I and II. The deposits of both Units I and II are generally more massive in low lying areas and more stratified in areas of high surface roughness, suggesting that surface roughness enhanced basal shear stress within the flow boundary. Units III and IV are associated with the climactic phase of the eruption, which produced the most voluminous and wide-spread PDCs. Both flow units are characteristically massive and enriched in vent-derived lithic blocks. These currents flowed over and around the debris avalanche deposits, as evidenced by the erosion of blocks from the hummocks. Unit III is massive, poorly sorted, and shows little to no evidence of elutriation or segregation of lithics and pumice, suggesting a highly concentrated current where size-density segregation was suppressed. Unit IV shows similar depositional features but typically has a basal lithic-rich region, is variably fines-depleted and contains pumice lobes, suggesting density segregation in a less concentrated current relative to Unit III. Deep, erosive channels cut by the Unit III current and thick lithic levee deposits within Unit IV occur in an area where debris avalanche relief is limited, suggesting self-channelization developed as a function of internal flow dynamics. An increase in the proportion and size of lithic blocks is found (1) downstream of debris avalanche hummocks, suggesting the PDCs were energetic enough to locally entrain accidental lithics from the hummocks and transport them tens of meters downstream, and (2) within large channels cut by later PDCs into earlier PDC deposits, suggesting self-channelization of the flows increased the carrying capacity of the subsequent channelized currents. Finally, the combination of thick, massive deposits with a high percentage of fine ash within Unit III and in the medial-distal depositional regions of Units II-IV suggests the PDCs developed and maintained a high internal pore pressure during transport and deposition. The most important include our ability to understand the role of internal pore pressure on current mobility, the influence of self-channelization on carrying capacity of the currents and the influence of surface roughness on substrate erosion. These observations have critical consequences for understanding the flow dynamics and hazard potential of PDCs

Sheep-oil palm integration: Growth performance of dorset x malin and dorset x siamese long tail sheep

This study involved the integration of sheep into oil palm plantations. The growth rates of 25% Dorset x 75% Malin (DMalin) and 25% Dorset x 75% Siamese Long Tail (DSLT) sheep raised in 9, 13, 16 and 21 year old oil palm plantations were evaluated. The measurements were taken by randomly sampling from the flock at birth, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 months of age. The relationship between body weight and age was determined by Brody's model. Consequently, the growth models of sheep were 1) BW = 17.9715 (1-0.9113 exp(-0.0049*AGE)) for DMalin male, 2) BW = 17.7792 (1-0.9230 exp(-0.005*AGE)) for D1V1alin female, 3) BW = 21 (1-0.8778 exp(0.0049* AGAj) for DSLT male and 4) BW = 18.7301 (1-0.8613 exp(-0.0059*AGE)) for DSLT female. The average dai(y gain ofDMalin and DSLT sheep from birth to 10 months of age was 41.0 and 54.1 gm/head/ day, respectively. The males were slightly heavier than the females. Daily weight gains of sheep wae related to the limited grazing period and low quantity of herbage available in old oil palm plantations

Existence of log canonical closures

Let $f:X\to U$ be a projective morphism of normal varieties and $(X,\Delta)$ a dlt pair. We prove that if there is an open set $U^0\subset U$, such that $(X,\Delta)\times_U U^0$ has a good minimal model over $U^0$ and the images of all the non-klt centers intersect $U^0$, then $(X,\Delta)$ has a good minimal model over $U$. As consequences we show the existence of log canonical compactifications for open log canonical pairs, and the fact that the moduli functor of stable schemes satisfies the valuative criterion for properness

Horocyclic invariance of Ruelle resonant states for contact Anosov flows in dimension 3

We show that for smooth contact Anosov flows in dimension 3, the resonant states associated to the first band of Ruelle resonances are distributions that are killed by the unstable derivative.Comment: 23 page