Does Foam Rolling Really Work?

Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is the sensation of pain and stiffness that is felt up to four days after an intense bout of exercise. You may have felt this sensation a few days after going on a long hike or back in high school during preseason for a sport. DOMS is present due to small tears in the muscle resulting from unaccustomed exercise, which increases inflammation and decreases maximal strength produced in that muscle. With more pain and less strength than usual, daily activities, such as walking down stairs, and athletic performance, such as strength to kick a soccer ball, may be compromised. One way potentially to alleviate DOMS is foam rolling. Previous research suggests that foam rolling loosens and warms up muscles to decrease inflammation and restore strength to an individual after intense exercise. With funding from a Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) in summer 2016, I recruited twenty-one college-aged participants to determine whether foam rolling works as an aid in decreasing DOMS. I did not find any significant differences in the alleviation of DOMS between participants who used foam rolling and those who did not use foam rolling, but I did find that my protocol to induce DOMS successfully induced significant increases in soreness and decreases in strength in all participants

Experimental muscle hyperalgesia modulates sensorimotor cortical excitability, which is partially altered by unaccustomed exercise

Impaired corticomotor function is reported in patients with lateral epicondylalgia, but the causal link to pain or musculotendinous overloading is unclear. In this study, sensorimotor cortical changes were investigated using a model of persistent pain combined with an overloading condition. In 24 healthy subjects, the effect of nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced pain, combined with delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), was examined on pain perception, pressure pain sensitivity, maximal force, and sensorimotor cortical excitability. Two groups (NGF alone and NGF + DOMS) received injections of NGF into the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) muscle at day 0, day 2, and day 4. At day 4, the NGF + DOMS group undertook wrist eccentric exercise to induce DOMS in the ECRB muscle. Muscle soreness scores, pressure pain thresholds over the ECRB muscle, maximal grip force, transcranial magnetic stimulation mapping of the cortical ECRB muscle representation, and somatosensory-evoked potentials from radial nerve stimulation were recorded at day 0, day 4, and day 6. Compared with day 0, day 4 showed in both groups: (1) increased muscle soreness (P < 0.01); (2) reduced pressure pain thresholds (P < 0.01); (3) increased motor map volume (P < 0.01); and (4) decreased frontal N30 somatosensory-evoked potential. At day 6, compared with day 4, only the DOMS + NGF group showed: (1) increased muscle soreness score (P < 0.01); (2) decreased grip force (P < 0.01); and (3) decreased motor map volume (P < 0.05). The NGF group did not show any difference on the remaining outcomes from day 4 to day 6. These data suggest that sustained muscle pain modulates sensorimotor cortical excitability and that exercise-induced DOMS alters pain-related corticomotor adaptation

The Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on Post-Exercise Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness in Young Adults

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(1) : 14-21, 2014. Until recently, the scientific community believed that post-exercise stretching could reduce delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), but recent reviews of studies on the topic have concluded that pre- or post-exercise static stretching has no effect on mitigating DOMS. However, the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) post-exercise stretching on preventing DOMS has not been adequately studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of post-exercise PNF stretching on DOMS. Young adult participants (N=57) were randomly assigned to a PNF stretching group (n=19), a static stretching group (n=20), and to a no-stretching control group (n=18). All participants completed exercise designed to induce DOMS prior to post-exercise experimental stretching protocols. Participants rated their soreness level on a pain scale 24 and 48 hours post-exercise. A 3 x 2 mixed ANOVA showed there was an effect for time (p\u3c.01). Post hoc testing revealed that DOMS pain significantly decreased (p\u3c.05) from 24 to 48 hours post-exercise for the PNF and control groups, but not for the static stretching group. Other analyses revealed a significant correlation (r=.61, p\u3c.01) between the pre- and post-exercise stretch scores and the 48 hour post-exercise pain score for the PNF group. Consistent with the results of previous research on post-exercise static stretching, these results indicate that post-exercise PNF stretching also does not prevent DOMS. However, the correlation analysis suggests it is possible the pre-stretch muscle contractions of the post-exercise PNF protocol may have placed a load on an already damaged muscle causing more DOMS for some participants

Translating English non-human subjects in agentive contexts : a closer look at Dutch

While subjects of transitive action verbs in English and Dutch are typically realized as human agents (see Comrie 1989), both languages also feature instances of nonhuman agents in subject position. However, Vandepitte and Hartsuiker (2011) have shown that there are fewer options in Dutch and that translation issues present themselves in cases where both languages do not overlap. This paper wants to document overlap and differences in terms of non-prototypical subject realization by focussing on the strategies that are used in Dutch translations of six actions verbs (give, demonstrate, show, suggest, offer and tell) in combination with non-human subjects. Results reveal that a fair share of non-human subjects are also translated as such in the target language. Other strategies include occasional humanization of the non-human source text subjects, reduction of valency patterns with reduced agentivity vis-a-vis the English source-text sentences and shifts in the mapping of semantic roles onto syntactic functions

Perbedaan Pengaruh Pemberian Kinesio Taping dan Foam Roller Pada Latihan Eksentrik Otot Hamstring Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Saat Kejadian Delay Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)

PHYSIOTHERAPY DEPARTMENT HEALTH SCIENCE FACULTY MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA MINITHESIS, JUNE 2018 FAJAR PUTU SASTRA / J120161044 “Difference Influence Of Giving Kinesio Taping And Foam Roller On Eccentric Exercise Muscle Hamtring On Decrease Of Pains On Delay Onset Muscle Soreness (Doms)”. (Counseled By : Totok Budi Santoso S.St.FT., MPH) Background: One prevention for athletes is not easy to get injured is by providing strength training program on the muscles of the lower leg. Eccentric exercises can be used to prevent injuries and are suggested as a way to reduce the prevalence of injury rates, although there is a negative effect of eccentric exercise that is the muscle damage response that contributes to the occurrence of Delay Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS). To reduce the impact of such DOMS pain, some modalities that are currently used by physiotherapists are kinesio taping and foam roller. Research Aims: To know the difference of effect of kinesio taping and foam roller on eccentric exercise of hamstring muscle to decrease pain during Delay Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) event. Methods: This type of research is Quasi Experimental Design with research design in the form of Pretest and Posttest Two Group Design. Sampling technique used is Opportunity Random Sampling technique. The sample size is 20 people. Results: Kinesio taping effect on decrease of silent pain, tenderness and motion pain at respondent at DOMS incidence with wilcoxon test by p-value 0,004, 0,005, 0,005, while on foam roller result got test result influenced by p-value 0,007, 0,011, 0,011 . In different test the effect of using Mann Whitney got difference result of kinesio taping and foam roller with p-value 0.000. Conclusion: There is an influence and different effect of kinesio taping and foam roller on eccentric exercise of hamstring muscle to decrease pain when Delay Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)

Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) management: present state of the art

This paper reviews existing theories explaining the delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) phenomenon. The authors describe the main symptoms of DOMS and their relation to different kinds of training strategies, and discuss the most popular muscle pain reduction interventions such as stretching, diet, dietary supplements, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cryotherapy and cold water immersion, concurrent training, and the repeated bout effect

Labor supply and personal computer adoption.

The positive correlations found between computer use and human capital are often interpreted as evidence that the adoption of computers have raised the relative demand for skilled labor, the widely touted skill-biased technological change hypothesis. However, several models argue the skill- intensity of technology is endogenously determined by the relative supply of skilled labor. The authors use instruments for the supply of human capital coupled with a rich dataset on computer usage by businesses to show that the supply of human capital is an important determinant of the adoption of personal computers. Their results suggest that great caution must be exercised in placing economic interpretations on the correlations often found between technology and human capital.Labor supply ; Computers