Cross-layer design to improve wireless TCP performance with link-layer adaptation

universally used reliable transport protocol in the Internet, has been engineered to perform well in wired networks where packet loss is mainly due to congestion. TCP throughput, however, de-grades over wireless links, which are characterized by a high and greatly varying bit error rate and by intermittent connectivity. Over such wireless links, the performance achieved by TCP can be improved through the use of cross-layer algorithms at the link-level, which interact with the TCP state machine. In this paper, a TCP-aware dynamic ARQ algorithm is therefore proposed, which utilizes TCP timing information to prioritize ARQ packet retransmissions. Numerical investigation of the proposed algorithm demonstrates the performance improvements that can be attained through this approach, in comparison with TCP-agnostic link-layer approaches. Keywords–TCP; cross-layer design; wireless networks I