Mapping approach for examining waste management within construction sites

In light of increased awareness on environmental impacts from construction wastes, waste management has become an important factor in construction project management. Various waste managements have been developed by researchers to manage construction wastes. Nevertheless, less attention is given towards the management of waste handling processes on construction sites such as waste sorting and waste transport. In fact, proper flow of these processes could improve waste management effectiveness. The aim of the study is to examine waste handling process during construction through the mapping of ten project sites in Melaka using the free-flow mapping presentation technique. This will lead to the development of a proposed waste management mapping model (WMMM), which incorporates the good operations embodied in the existing practices and also the outcomes of interviews with the project proponents. The WMMM could serve as a tool assisting in planning waste management procedures as well as a vehicle for comparing waste management practices among construction sites; thus, weaknesses and good practices could be identified and improvement measures may be implemented accordingly. Personal interviews with questionnaires and on site observations were administered for data collection. Analysis was performed on results tabulated in matrix table with interpretation assisted by statistical computations. Qualitative approach was of dominant where comparative evaluation was extensively performed on the waste management practices between these ten sites. Findings revealed that the advantages of waste handling practices outnumbered the weaknesses. The WMMM was proposed based on guidelines derived from the analysis which took into account factors pertaining to cost, environmental protection and time in waste handling management. It was suggested that the proposed WMMM could be incorporated into the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report to assist waste management planning. Overall, the findings of the study have contributed to the basic understanding of the waste management practices within construction sites in Malaysi

Legal Aspects which Implement Good Practice Measures in the Management of Construction and Demolition Waste

The construction industry, one of the most important ones in the development of a country, generates unavoidable impacts on the environment. The social demand towards greater respect for the environment is a high and general outcry. Therefore, the construction industry needs to reduce the impact it produces. Proper waste management is not enough; we must take a further step in environmental management, where new measures need to be introduced for the prevention at source, such as good practices to promote recycling. Following the amendment of the legal frame applicable to Construction and Demolition Waste (C&D waste), important developments have been incorporated in European and International laws, aiming to promote the culture of reusing and recycling. This change of mindset, that is progressively taking place in society, is allowing for the consideration of C&D waste no longer as an unusable waste, but as a reusable material. The main objective of the work presented in this paper is to enhance C&D waste management systems through the development of preventive measures during the construction process. These measures concern all the agents intervening in the construction process as only the personal implication of all of them can ensure an efficient management of the C&D waste generated. Finally, a model based on preventive measures achieves organizational cohesion between the different stages of the construction process, as well as promoting the conservation of raw materials through the use and waste minimization. All of these in order to achieve a C&D waste management system, whose primary goal is zero waste generatio

Construction waste management practices in Malaysia: an overview

The construction industry is one of the major wealth-generating industries and is seen as an elevated sector in the Malaysia economy. However, this activity has generated a significant amount of waste which is detrimental to the environment. The increasing amount of waste from construction projects has shown that construction waste management has not been practised effectively in Malaysia. Therefore, an overview of the composition of construction waste and existing waste management practices on construction sites in Malaysia are the highlights of this study. The findings can potentially be used to enhance the effectiveness of construction waste management in Malaysia and create awareness among contractors for a better alternative in managing the construction waste on-site. Current practices in the construction sector need to be analysed in order to enhance strategies so that improved and more sustainable design, development, operation and maintenance will be attained, leading to minimal waste

Construction waste management practices in the construction site: virtual source analysis

The significant growth in the construction industry has been a bit of a serious issue for most developing countries like Malaysia. Along with construction’s growth, the increase of building materials used also adds waste to the construction site. Thus, the practices of construction waste management must be done by the organization, especially for the construction sectors. This research was a study about the construction waste management practices in the construction site. This research aims to study the types of construction waste in the construction site, the construction waste management practice in the construction site, and the differences between construction waste management in the construction site. Furthermore, this research was focusing on the analysis of the video, especially on construction waste management practices in the construction site. Moreover, the five of the video analysis was picked through the open source internet which showed the construction waste management in the construction site. The research design for this research was technical research which analyzed video as a material in data collection using the checklist form to help the researcher to obtain the data. The result for this study shows that the types of construction wastes were made from woods, metals, concrete, and other wastes (drywall, plastics, cardboard, papers, glasses, the product can, etc) and bricks, the practices of construction management in construction site were shown the high levels in practicing the construction waste management practices in the construction site was prevention and reduction, reuse, recycle and disposal, the differences between the construction management was the storage of building materials, construction waste segregation, scheduled construction waste collection, and the construction waste disposal. In conclusion, the study of the construction waste management practices by using video could be a guideline as to the effectiveness of the construction waste management practices in the construction site

Causative factors of construction and demolition waste generation in Iraq Construction Industry

The construction industry has hurt the environment from the waste generated during construction activities. Thus, it calls for serious measures to determine the causative factors of construction waste generated. There are limited studies on factors causing construction, and demolition (C&D) waste generation, and these limited studies only focused on the quantification of construction waste. This study took the opportunity to identify the causative factors for the C&D waste generation and also to determine the risk level of each causal factor, and the most important minimization methods to avoiding generating waste. This study was carried out based on the quantitative approach. A total of 39 factors that causes construction waste generation that has been identified from the literature review were considered which were then clustered into 4 groups. Improved questionnaire surveys by 38 construction experts (consultants, contractors and clients) during the pilot study. The actual survey was conducted with a total of 380 questionnaires, received with a response rate of 83.3%. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Ranking analysis using the mean score approach found the five most significant causative factors which are poor site management, poor planning, lack of experience, rework and poor controlling. The result also indicated that the majority of the identified factors having a high-risk level, in addition, the better minimization method is environmental awareness. A structural model was developed based on the 4 groups of causative factors using the Partial Least Squared-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) technique. It was found that the model fits due to the goodness of fit (GOF ≥ 0.36= 0.658, substantial). Based on the outcome of this study, 39 factors were relevant to the generation of construction and demolition waste in Iraq. These groups of factors should be avoided during construction works to reduce the waste generated. The findings of this study are helpful to authorities and stakeholders in formulating laws and regulations. Furthermore, it provides opportunities for future researchers to conduct additional research’s on the factors that contribute to construction waste generation

Waste Reduction, Construction and Demolition Debris: Guide for Building, Construction and Environmental Professionals, Revised November 2008

This document is intended to lay the foundation for resource reduction strategies in new construction, renovation and demolition. If you have an innovative idea or information that you believe should be included in future updates of this manual please email Shelly Codner at [email protected] or Jan Loyson at [email protected]. Throughout this manual, we use the term “waste reduction” to define waste management initiatives that will result in less waste going to the landfill. In accordance with the waste management hierarchy these practices include reducing (waste prevention), reusing (deconstruction and salvage), recycling and renewing (making old things new again) - in that order. This manual will explain what these practices are and how to incorporate them into your projects

The development of supply chain framework for improving construction waste management process: a case study in Klang valley / Raja Nor Husna Raja Mohd Noor

Construction Waste Management is part of a growing movement towards a sustainable world. Ninth Malaysia Plan had played a significant role in the demands of executing major residential housing project developments where it has been observed that the construction wastes was one of the priority waste streams. The lacking in the highlighting of the proper flows of construction waste process has called for a need to contextualize, explore and document its practice in the construction industry to identify the current existing process o f construction waste management, the challenges and the major types and composition of construction waste generated. The aim of this research is to develop the supply chain framework. This aim was achieved through preliminary study and case studies methods where were conducted in the Klang Valley using the qualitative and quantitative methods. First, semi-structured interview was conducted among 20 contractors (G7) to identify the current existing process for construction waste management. The second method distributes the questionnaires and 60 responses from contractors (G7), clients and consultants were received on the challenges in the construction waste management process. Third method conducts the survey on the heap of waste through observation (visual estimation) to identify the major types and composition for construction waste generated. The main conclusions drawn from the findings gathered. The study proposes the supply chain framework to improve the construction waste management process whereby indirectly reducing the amount of construction waste from being directly disposed in landfills through reusing and recycling process

Construction Waste Material Management and Logistic System

Construction is one of the industries that produces significant amount of waste. Construction site produces waste as a result of construction work. In the context of direct waste, it is a mixture of surplus materials arising from any kind of construction works, be it construction, site clearance, excavation, renovation or refurbishment. Construction waste consumes a large amount of natural resources and hence a strategic management is significant to reduce or manage construction waste. There are studies showing that waste represents a relatively high percentage of production costs. Previous researcher defined waste as the loss of any kind of resources produced by activities which generate direct or indirect costs and do not add any value to the final product from the point of view of client. The society’s concern has gone from the perspective of efficiency to the impact to the environment. It is undeniable that the waste generated has caused an impact to the environment. However, building waste can hardly be recycled as it may be highly contaminated in the process of production or assembly. Building materials and inventory on site will contribute to waste generation if not handled properly and systematically. This paper will discuss some important elements of construction waste and management such as waste material management, construction logistic system and generation of construction waste

Investigation on construction waste management at precast concrete plants in Johor: case study

Waste is becoming a major issue to manage with any significant growth. Despite the fact that there are a few existing studies in Malaysia that have developed waste management theories, existing waste management is given less attention in the manufacturing site. It is crucial to investigate the construction waste handling processes from generation to final disposal. Thus, the goals of this study are to identify different types of construction waste, determine the causes of construction waste by materials, and compare waste management practises in four precast concrete plants in Johor, Malaysia. This study observed the manufacturing process of precast concrete elements and interviewed manufacturer staff, including production managers and engineers. According to the findings of this study, hard concrete, wet concrete, steel, timber, and PVC are the most common types of construction waste found in precast concrete plants. Meanwhile, leftover concrete from mixer trucks, items rejected by inspectors, poor workmanship and mishandling by workers, machine breakdown, weather effects, accidents, unstable staking positions, and cutting and bending activities have all been identified as major sources of waste generation at the precast plants studied. The waste generation rate in the prefabrication is around 2% by weight or lower. It can be generally concluded that the overall waste generation of prefabrication is found to be much lower than that ofconventional construction. Finally, this study demonstrated how waste is managed in accordance with the material designated for each plant visited. This study can provide valuable data on waste management assessment in order to improve our understanding of construction waste in the precast concrete manufacturing industry