냉장고 운영 소프트웨어 개발을 위한 가상화, 자동화, 원격제어 기반의 플랫폼 구축

학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 농생명공학부, 2014. 2. 최영진.식품은 성장, 회복, 생명 유지에 필요한 과정을 지속하고 에너지를 공급하기 위해 생명체의 몸에 사용되는 필수적인 단백질, 탄수화물, 지방으로 구성된 물질이다. 이러한 식품은 채집이나 사냥을 통해서 얻어 지거나, 농사나 사육을 통해 얻어진다. 그리고 이들을 오랜 시간 동안 보존하기 위해서, 다양한 방법들이 개발 및 응용되었다. 그 중 날 것 상태의 품질에 가장 가깝게 보관할 수 있는 보편적인 방법이 냉장고를 이용한 냉장 및 냉동 보관이다. 현재의 대부분의 냉장고는 하드웨어를 구축한 후에 소프트웨어를 설치하여 운용을 한다. 그리고 현재 개발 과정에서 하드웨어가 개발되기 전에는 소프트웨어를 검증하기가 매우 어렵다. 이를 극복하고자 가상 환경의 시뮬레이션과 냉장고의 에뮬레이션 값들이 서로 반영되면서 소프트웨어를 개발 및 검증할 수 있는 개발 환경을 연구 및 구축고자 한다. 소비자가 선호하고 경쟁력 있는 냉장고의 필수 요소 중 하나가 낮은 소비 전력이고, 국가에 따라서는 에너지 사용량을 규제하여 판매를 금지하는 곳도 있다. 소비 전력을 최적화하기 위해서 소프트웨어 알고리즘 및 운전 파라미터 변경을 통해 많은 시험을 거치는 과정이 필요하다. 이는 인적 및 시간적 낭비를 가져온다. 이를 해결하기 위해, 가상 환경에서 개발한 소프트웨어를 실제의 냉장고에 이식하고, 개발된 자동 시험 솔루션을 통해 최적화된 파라미터를 찾고자 한다. 이런 완벽한 절차로 개발된 냉장고는 소비자에게 판매가 되고, 가혹한 시험 환경에서 테스트를 했음에도 불구하고, 실제 사용 환경에서 사용하면 반드시 알 수 없는 오류를 발생한다. 이를 분석하기 위해서 초기 생산품은 사용 데이터를 일정 시간 동안 수집하게 된다. 하지만, 기존에 수동적으로 사후 데이터를 수집하는 방법에는 여러 불편함과 실시간으로 대응을 할 수 없는 문제가 있다. 그래서 원격 모니터링 방법을 통해 실시간으로 수집된 데이터를 분석하고 오류에 대응하고자 했다. 또한, 이렇게 수집된 빅 데이터를 통해, 차후에 개발될 냉장고에 더 좋은 사용자 경험을 반영 하고자 한다. 냉장고 개발을 위한 새로운 접근 방법에 대한 연구는 잘 수행되고 있으며, 앞으로 여러 가전에 확대 응용하고 더 좋은 가치를 사용자에게 제공하고자 한다.Food is material mainly consisting of protein, carbohydrate, and fat used in the body of an organism to sustain processes essential for growth, recovery and life support and to furnish energy. In general, food is obtained through collecting plants or animals, hunting, farming and livestock breeding. Various methods have been developed and implemented to preserve food for a long period of time. The most common way to preserve food almost in the raw is to use a refrigerator or a freezer. Currently, most freezers are operated after installing hardware and then software. And, in the current development process, it is very difficult to verify software before hardware is completely developed. In order to solve this problem, this study is to seek and establish an environment where software can be developed and verified by reflecting both values of the virtual environment simulation and the freezer emulation. One of the requirements of a competitive and favored freezer wanted by customers is low electric power consumption. Some countries restrict the amount of energy consumed and prevent the sales of the home appliance with energy consumption exceeding the standards. In order to optimize the electric power consumption, many tests should be conducted by changing software algorithms and operation parameters. However, too much time and human resources and time can be wasted during the process. To solve this problem, software which is developed in the virtual environment will be ported into an actual freezer, and the optimized parameter will be found through an automatic experiment solution. Even though the refrigerator was developed though the perfect processes stated above, and all the required tests were executed under the strict test condition, unexpected errors can appear when it is used by consumers in the real environment. In an effort to analyze these errors, data from the initial products is collected for a certain period of time. However, it is hard to respond to problems in real time with a method of collecting data only after problems are found. Therefore, data will be analyzed in real time, and errors will be responded through the remote monitoring method. Also, this big data will be reflected in the better user experience (UX) of the next- generation refrigerator. Studies on new methods to develop a refrigerator and a freezer were executed well, and in the future, this technique will be applied to diverse home appliances and will provide the better to the customers.CONTENTS ABSTRACT......................................................................................................i CONTENTS....................................................................................................iv LIST OF TABLES.........................................................................................x LIST OF FIGURES......................................................................................xi CHAPTER 1 Freezer Program Emulation Method in the Virtual Simulation Environment Using Virtual Product Software Development Process (VPSDP) Abstract...........................................................................................................2 I. Introduction................................................................................................4 1.1. Review.............................................................................................................4 1.2. Environmental virtualization..........................................................................8 1.3. The objective of this study...........................................................................12 II. Materials and Methods....................................................20 2.1. Model system and equations.................................................................20 2.2. The characteristics of the air and equations............................................27 2.3. Designable food and equations....................................................................29 2.4. Experimental system configuration....................................................32 2.5. Virtualization concept.............................................................40 2.6. Algorithm design for the virtual system.................................42 2.7. Overall software architecture.................................................46 2.8. GUI composition.............................................................................50 2.8.1. Chart Area..................................................................................................50 2.8.2. Indicators Area.....................................................................................................50 2.8.3. Communication and Data Storage Settings Area............................................51 2.8.4. Virtual Environment Settings area and The Food Area..................................51 2.9. Program flow to emulate the freezer controller (or PLC)....................................53 2.10. Program flow to simulate the virtual environment..........................................65 2.11. How to exchange the data of emulator and simulator .....................................66 III. Results and Discussion....................................................................69 3.1. The simulated experiment system..................................................................69 3.2. The developed virtual system program............................................74 3.3. Completed model Functions........................................................78 3.4. Node No.1 Calculation Function.....................................................79 3.5. Node from No.2 to No.(n-2) Calculation Function.......................80 3.6. Node No.(n-1) Calculation Function..........................................81 3.7. Node No.n Calculation Function.....................................................82 3.8. The numerical data vs. the actual data.........................................83 IV. Conclusion..................................................................87 V. Nomenclature...............................................................88 VI. References....................................................................89   CHAPTER 2 Novel Method to Optimize the Energy Efficiency of Freezer using Automatic Test Software Abstract..........................................................................95 I. Introduction.....................................................................97 1.1. Review.................................................................................................................97 1.2. History of refrigeration system......................................................................101 1.3. History of domestic freezer and refrigerator...........................................................104 1.4. History of optimum designs.....................................................................................110 II. Materials and Methods....................................................113 2.1. Experimental systems control.............................................................113 2.2. Choice of methods and factors.........................................................115 2.3. In-depth test algorithm flow............................................................121 2.4. GUI of the automatic experiment program.............................................123 2.5. Test optimization method......................................................................125 2.6. Annual electric power consumption calculation method.....................133 III. Results and Discussion.................................................135 3.1. Completed program..........................................................135 3.2. Experimental analysis......................................................137 3.2.1. Partial Least Squares..........................................................137 3.2.2. Multiple Regression Analysis............................................150 3.2.3. Two-level Full Factorial Designs...............................................157 3.2.4. Optimization..............................................................................172 IV. Conclusion....................................................................177 V. References......................................................................179   CHAPTER 3 The Remote Monitoring System Construction in Order to Verify the Field Test of the Developed Refrigerator and Acquire the Big Data Used for the Improvement of User Experience (UX) Abstract..........................................................................188 I. Introduction......................................................................................................189 1.1. Review................................................................................................189 II. Materials and Methods..............................................................192 2.1. Hardware design.......................................................................................192 2.2. Server, clients and networks..................................................................197 2.3. Software development............................................................................200 2.3.1. The software for operating the FSF......................................200 2.3.2. Client data acquisition software...........................................202 2.3.3. Web Service..................................................................205 III. Results and discussion..................................................207 3.1. Operation condition.........................................................................................207 3.2. The use pattern analysis.....................................................................................209 IV. Conclusion.....................................................................216 V. References.....................................................................218 Appendices Appendix A. Simulation source with Visual C++.......221 [VirtualFreezerDlg.h]...................................................221 [VirtualFreezerDlg.cpp]..............................................226 Appendix B. Emulation source with C++....................256 [moacon.cpp(with simulator)].....................................258 [Emulator.cpp].............................................................264 Korean Abstract 초록.............................................................................................282Docto